Fauna europaea: Diptera - brachycera
Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Jazyk angličtina Země Bulharsko Médium electronic-ecollection
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
PubMed
25733962
PubMed Central
PMC4339814
DOI
10.3897/bdj.3.e4187
PII: BiodiversityDataJournal
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- Biodiversity Informatics, Brachycera, Diptera, Fauna Europaea, Taxonomic indexing, biodiversity, taxonomy, zoology,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names (including important synonyms) of all extant multicellular European terrestrial and freshwater animals and their geographical distribution at the level of countries and major islands (east of the Urals and excluding the Caucasus region). The Fauna Europaea project comprises about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. Fauna Europaea represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing taxonomic specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many user communities in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education. The Diptera-Brachycera is one of the 58 Fauna Europaea major taxonomic groups, and data have been compiled by a network of 55 specialists. Within the two-winged insects (Diptera), the Brachycera constitute a monophyletic group, which is generally given rank of suborder. The Brachycera may be classified into the probably paraphyletic 'lower brachyceran grade' and the monophyletic Eremoneura. The latter contains the Empidoidea, the Apystomyioidea with a single Nearctic species, and the Cyclorrhapha, which in turn is divided into the paraphyletic 'aschizan grade' and the monophyletic Schizophora. The latter is traditionally divided into the paraphyletic 'acalyptrate grade' and the monophyletic Calyptratae. Our knowledge of the European fauna of Diptera-Brachycera varies tremendously among families, from the reasonably well known hoverflies (Syrphidae) to the extremely poorly known scuttle flies (Phoridae). There has been a steady growth in our knowledge of European Diptera for the last two centuries, with no apparent slow down, but there is a shift towards a larger fraction of the new species being found among the families of the nematoceran grade (lower Diptera), which due to a larger number of small-sized species may be considered as taxonomically more challenging. Most of Europe is highly industrialised and has a high human population density, and the more fertile habitats are extensively cultivated. This has undoubtedly increased the extinction risk for numerous species of brachyceran flies, yet with the recent re-discovery of Thyreophoracynophila (Panzer), there are no known cases of extinction at a European level. However, few national Red Lists have extensive information on Diptera. For the Diptera-Brachycera, data from 96 families containing 11,751 species are included in this paper.
1 I Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology Kiev Ukraine
Bishop Museum Honolulu United States of America
c o Natural History Museum Venice Italy
California Department of Food and Agriculture Sacramento California United States of America
Charles University Prague Czech Republic
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic
Department of Biosystematics Opole University Opole Poland
Department of Forensic Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
Dept of Zoology Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland
Forest Research Institute Department of Forest Protection Warszawa Poland
INRA UMR Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations Montferrier sur Lez France
Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
Muséum d'histoire naturelle Genève Paris Switzerland
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin Germany
Museum Wiesbaden Natural History Collections Wiesbaden Germany
National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC United States of America
National Museum of Natural History Sofia Bulgaria
National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
Natural History Museum Maastricht Diptera info Maastricht Netherlands
Natural History Museum of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
Natural History Museum of Sweden Stockholm Sweden
NBC Naturalis Leiden Netherlands
Oxford University Museum of Natural History Oxford United Kingdom
Research Institute for Nature and Forest Brussels Belgium
Royal Museum for Central Africa Tervuren Belgium
Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden Museum of Zoology Dresden Germany
Silesian Museum Opava Czech Republic
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart Germany
Tachinidae Recording Scheme London United Kingdom
Unaffiliated Braunschweig Germany
Unaffiliated Cardiff United Kingdom
Unaffiliated Cowbridge United Kingdom
Unaffiliated Melksham United Kingdom
Unaffiliated Soest Netherlands
Unaffiliated Waalwijk Netherlands
University of Pécs Pécs Hungary
University of Stavanger Stavanger Norway
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wrocław Poland
Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences St Petersburg Russia
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