Host-parasite relationships and parasite biodiversity have been the center of attention for many years; however the primary data obtained from large-scale studies remain scarce. Our long term investigations of trypanosomatid (Euglenozoa: Kinetoplastea) biodiversity from Neotropical Heteroptera have yielded almost one hundred typing units (TU) of trypanosomatids from one hundred twenty host species. Half of the parasites' TUs were documented in a single host species only but the rest were found parasitizing two to nine species of hosts, with logarithmic distribution best describing the observed distribution of parasites among hosts. Different host superfamilies did not show significant differences in numbers of trypanosomatid TUs they carry, with exception of Pyrrhocoroidea which showed higher parasite richness than any other group tested. Predatory reduviids shared significantly larger numbers of parasite TUs with phytophagous mirids and coreids than the numbers shared between any other groups. These results show that the specificity of trypanosomatid-heteropteran associations is not very strict: parasites seem to be transmissible between different host groups within the same niche and predatory hosts may acquire parasites from their prey.

Department of Biology University of California Riverside Riverside CA 91521 USA

Department of Entomology National Museum 19300 Prague Czech Republic

Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic; Department of Parasitology Faculty of Science Charles University 12843 Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto ON M5G 1Z8 Canada

Life Science Research Centre University of Ostrava 70200 Ostrava Czech Republic

Life Science Research Centre University of Ostrava 70200 Ostrava Czech Republic; Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Zoological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences St Petersburg 199034 Russia

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