Leishmania infections: Molecular targets and diagnosis
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Review
PubMed
28159546
DOI
10.1016/j.mam.2016.11.012
PII: S0098-2997(16)30045-0
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Diagnostic methods, Genome-wide map, Hybrid strains, Molecular markers, Sympatric species,
- MeSH
- Antiprotozoal Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Species Specificity MeSH
- Phylogeny * MeSH
- Phylogeography MeSH
- Genotype MeSH
- Insect Vectors parasitology MeSH
- Leishmania classification drug effects genetics isolation & purification MeSH
- Leishmaniasis classification drug therapy epidemiology transmission MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Molecular Typing instrumentation methods MeSH
- DNA, Protozoan genetics MeSH
- Protozoan Proteins genetics MeSH
- Psychodidae parasitology MeSH
- Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Antiprotozoal Agents MeSH
- DNA, Protozoan MeSH
- Protozoan Proteins MeSH
Progress in the diagnosis of leishmaniases depends on the development of effective methods and the discovery of suitable biomarkers. We propose firstly an update classification of Leishmania species and their synonymies. We demonstrate a global map highlighting the geography of known endemic Leishmania species pathogenic to humans. We summarize a complete list of techniques currently in use and discuss their advantages and limitations. The available data highlights the benefits of molecular markers in terms of their sensitivity and specificity to quantify variation from the subgeneric level to species complexes, (sub) species within complexes, and individual populations and infection foci. Each DNA-based detection method is supplied with a comprehensive description of markers and primers and proposal for a classification based on the role of each target and primer in the detection, identification and quantification of leishmaniasis infection. We outline a genome-wide map of genes informative for diagnosis that have been used for Leishmania genotyping. Furthermore, we propose a classification method based on the suitability of well-studied molecular markers for typing the 21 known Leishmania species pathogenic to humans. This can be applied to newly discovered species and to hybrid strains originating from inter-species crosses. Developing more effective and sensitive diagnostic methods and biomarkers is vital for enhancing Leishmania infection control programs.
French National Reference Centre on Leishmaniasis Montpellier University Montpellier France
School of Biotechnology Dublin City University Dublin Ireland
Unit of Vector borne Diseases and International Health Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
References provided by Crossref.org
Genomic analysis of Leishmania turanica strains from different regions of Central Asia
Analyses of Leishmania-LRV Co-Phylogenetic Patterns and Evolutionary Variability of Viral Proteins
Genomic analysis of natural intra-specific hybrids among Ethiopian isolates of Leishmania donovani
An unexpected diversity of trypanosomatids in fecal samples of great apes
Eurasian golden jackal as host of canine vector-borne protists
