Numerous hazardous environmental pollutants in water bodies, both organic and inorganic, have become a critical global issue. As greener and bio-synthesized versions of nanoparticles exhibit significant promise for wastewater treatment, this review discusses trends and future prospects exploiting the sustainable applications of green-synthesized nanocatalysts and nanomaterials for the removal of contaminants and metal ions from aqueous solutions. Recent trends and challenges about these nanocatalysts and nanomaterials and their potential applications in wastewater treatment and water purification are highlighted including toxicity and biosafety issues. This review delineates the pros and cons and critical issues pertaining to the deployment of these nanomaterials endowed with their superior surface area, mechanical properties, significant chemical reactivity, and cost-effectiveness with low energy consumption, for removal of hazardous materials and contaminants from water; comprehensive coverage of these materials for industrial wastewater remediation, and their recovery is underscored by recent advancements in nanofabrication, encompassing intelligent and smart nanomaterials.

Chemical Methods and Treatment Branch Water Infrastructure Division Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response U S Environmental Protection Agency 26 West Martin Luther King Drive Cincinnati Ohio 45268 USA; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University in Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 783 71 Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Qom Qom 37185 359 Iran

Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran

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