The Elateridae (click-beetles) are the largest family in Elateroidea; however, their relationships, systematics and classification remain unclear. Our understanding of the origin, evolution, palaeodiversity and palaeobiogeography of Elateridae, as well as reconstruction of a reliable time-calibrated phylogeny for the group, are hampered by the lack of detailed knowledge of their fossil record. In this study, we summarize the current knowledge on all described fossil species in Elateridae, including their type material, geographic origin, age, bibliography and remarks on their systematic placement. Altogether, 261 fossil species classified in 99 genera and nine subfamilies are currently listed in this family. The Mesozoic click-beetle diversity includes 143 species, with most of them described from the Jurassic Karatau, and 118 described species are known from the Cenozoic deposits, mainly from the Eocene North American Florissant Formation and European Baltic amber. Available data on the described past diversity of Elateridae suggest that almost all fossil lineages in this group are in urgent need of revision and numerous Mesozoic species might belong to different families. Our study is intended to serve as a comprehensive basis for all subsequent research focused on the click-beetle fossil record.

Department of Entomology Faculty of Biology Moscow State University Leninskie Gory 1 12 119234 Moscow Russia

Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Palacky University 17 listopadu 50 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Costa C., Lawrence J.F., Rosa S.P. Elateridae Leach, 1815. In: Leschen R.A.B., Beutel R.G., Lawrence J.F., editors. Handbook of Zoology, Arthropoda: Insecta; Coleoptera, Beetles. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG; Berlin, Germany: 2010. pp. 75–103. Volume 2: Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim)

Calder A.A., Lawrence J.F., Trueman J.W.H. Austrelater, gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Elateridae), with a description of the larva and comments on elaterid relationships. Invertebr. Taxon. 1993;7:1349–1394. doi: 10.1071/IT9931349. DOI

Sagegami-Oba R., Oba Y., Ôhira H. Phylogenetic relationships of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) inferred from 28S ribosomal DNA: Insights into the evolution of bioluminescence in Elateridae. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2007;42:410–421. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.017. PubMed DOI

Douglas H. Phylogenetic relationships of Elateridae inferred from adult morphology, with special reference to the position of Cardiophorinae. Zootaxa. 2011;2900:1–45. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.2900.1.1. DOI

Kundrata R., Gunter N.L., Douglas H., Bocak L. Next step toward a molecular phylogeny of click-beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae): Redefinition of Pityobiinae, with a description of a new subfamily, Parablacinae, from the Australasian Region. Austral Entomol. 2016;55:291–302. doi: 10.1111/aen.12185. DOI

Kundrata R., Gunter N.L., Janosikova D., Bocak L. Molecular evidence for the subfamilial status of Tetralobinae (Coleoptera: Elateridae), with comments on parallel evolution of some phenotypic characters. Arthropod Syst. Phylogeny. 2018;76:137–145.

Kusy D., Motyka M., Bocek M., Vogler A.P., Bocak L. Genome sequences identify three families of Coleoptera as morphologically derived click beetles (Elateridae) Sci. Rep. 2018;8:17084. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35328-0. PubMed DOI PMC

Bi W.-X., He J.-W., Chen C.-C., Kundrata R., Li X.-Y. Sinopyrophorinae, a new subfamily of Elateridae (Coleoptera, Elateroidea), with the first record of a luminous click beetle in Asia and evidence for multiple origins of bioluminescence in Elateridae. ZooKeys. 2019;864:79–97. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.864.26689. PubMed DOI PMC

Kundrata R., Prosvirov A.S., Vondracek D., Sormova E. Congruence between molecular data and morphology: Phylogenetic position of Senodoniini (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Insects. 2019;10:231. doi: 10.3390/insects10080231. PubMed DOI PMC

Kusy D., He J.-W., Bybee S.M., Motyka M., Bi W.-X., Podsiadlowski L., Li X.-Y., Bocak L. Phylogenomic relationships of bioluminescent elateroids define the ‘lampyroid’ clade with clicking Sinopyrophoridae as its earliest member. Syst. Entomol. 2021;46:111–123. doi: 10.1111/syen.12451. DOI

Kusy D., Motyka M., Bocak L. Click beetle mitogenomics with the definition of a new subfamily Hapatesinae from Australasia (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Insects. 2021;12:17. doi: 10.3390/insects12010017. PubMed DOI PMC

Kundrata R., Packova G., Hoffmannova J. Fossil genera in Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera): A Triassic origin and Jurassic diversification. Insects. 2020;11:394. doi: 10.3390/insects11060394. PubMed DOI PMC

Brodie P.B. A History of the Fossil Insects in the Secondary Rocks of England Accompanied by a Particular Account of the Strata in Which they Occur, and of the Circumstances Connected with Their Preservation. John Van Voorst; London, UK: 1845. pp. 1–130.

Heer O. Die Insektenfauna der Tertiärgebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Wilhelm Engelmann; Leipzig, Germany: 1847. pp. 1–229. Erster Theil: Käfer.

Westwood J.O. Contributions to fossil entomology. Quart. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 1854;10:378–396. doi: 10.1144/GSL.JGS.1854.010.01-02.43. DOI

Giebel C.G. Fauna der Vorwelt Mit Steter Berücksichtigung der Lebenden Thiere. Monographisch Dargestellt. Zweiter Band: Gliederthiere. Erste Abtheilung. Insecten und Spinnen. Brockhaus; Leipzig, Germany: 1856. pp. 1–511.

Heer O. Die Urwelt der Schweiz. Friedrich Schulthess; Zürich, Switzerland: 1865. pp. 1–622.

Heer O. Die Miocene flora und fauna Spitzbergens. Kongl. Sven. Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 1870;8:1–98.

Scudder S.H. Fossil Coleoptera from the Rocky Mountain Tertiaries. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. 1876;2:77–87.

Scudder S.H. The Fossil Insects Collected in 1877, by Mr. G.M. Dawson, in the Interior of British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Report of Progress for 1877–1878. Dawson Brothers; Montreal, QC, Canada: 1879. pp. 175–185.

Deichmüller J.V. Fossile Insecten aus dem Diatomeenschiefer von Kutschlin bei Bilin, Böhmen. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 1881;42:293–330.

Scudder S.H. Classe Insecta. In: Zittel K., editor. Handbuch der Palaeontologie. Oldenbourg; München, Germany: Leipzig, Germany: 1885. pp. 747–831. Insecta. I Abtheilung. Palaeozoologie 2.

Scudder S.H. Systematic Review of our Present Knowledge of Fossil Insects including Myriapods and Arachnids. Government Printing Office; Washington, DC, USA: 1886. pp. 1–128.

Scudder S.H. Index to the Known Fossil Insects of the World including Myriapods and Arachnids. Volume 71. US Government Printing Office; Washington, DC, USA: 1891. pp. 1–744.

Lomnicki J.L.M. Elater wisniowskii, nov. sp. Spraw. Kom. Fizyogr. Mater. Fizyogr. Kraj. 1902;36:11–12.

Handlirsch A. Die Fossilen Insekten und Die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen, Parts I–IV. Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen. Wilhelm Engelmann; Leipzig, Germany: 1906. pp. 1–640.

Wickham H.F. New fossil Elateridae from Florissant. Am. J. Sci. 1908;26:76–78. doi: 10.2475/ajs.s4-26.151.76. DOI

Wickham H.F. The fossil Elateridae of Florissant. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 1916;60:493–527.

Wickham H.F. Catalogue of the North American Coleoptera described as fossils. In: Leng C.W., editor. Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America North of Mexico. Sherman; Mt. Vernon, NY, USA: 1920. pp. 349–365.

Klebs R. Über Bernsteineinschlüsse im allgemeinen und die Coleopteren meiner Bernsteinsammlung. Schrift. Physik. Ökonom. Gesellsch. Königsberg. 1910;51:217–242.

Cockerell T.D.A. British fossil insects. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1916;49:469–499. doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.49-2119.469. DOI

Cockerell T.D.A. Fossil insects. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 1917;10:1–18. doi: 10.1093/aesa/10.1.1. DOI

Cockerell T.D.A. Insects in Burmese amber. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 1917;10:323–329. doi: 10.1093/aesa/10.4.323. DOI

Cockerell T.D.A. Fossil Arthropods in the British Museum, III. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1920;5:455–463. doi: 10.1080/00222932008632401. DOI

Cockerell T.D.A. Some Tertiary fossil insects. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1926;18:313–324. doi: 10.1080/00222932608633519. DOI

Cockerell T.D.A., LeVeque N. The antiquity of insect structures. Am. Nat. 1931;65:351–359. doi: 10.1086/280378. DOI

Tillyard R.J. Mesozoic and Tertiary Insects of Queensland and New South Wales. Descriptions of the fossil Insects. Qld. Geol. Surv. Pub. 1916;253:11–70.

Tillyard R.J. Permian and Triassic insects from New South Wales, in the collection of Mr. John Mitchell. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 1918;42:720–756.

Dunstan B. Mesozoic Insects of Queensland Part I.—Introduction and Coleoptera. Qld. Geol. Surv. Pub. 1923;273:1–89.

Ping C. Study of the Cretaceous fossil insects of China. Palaeontol. Sinica Ser. B. 1928;13:1–56.

Wickham H.F. Coleoptera from the lower Eocene (Wilcox) clays. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 1929;19:148–150.

Theobald N. Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocènes de France. Bull. Mens. Mem. Soc. Sci. Nancy. 1937;1:1–473.

Piton L. Paléontologie du gisement éocène de Menat (Puy-de-Dôme) (flore et faune) Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Auvergne. 1940;1:1–303.

Haupt H. Die Käfer (Coleoptera) aus der eozänen Braunkohle des Geiseltales. Geologica. 1950;6:1–168.

Gardiner B.G. New Rhaetic and Liassic beetles. Palaeontology. 1961;4:87–89.

Becker E.C. Three new fossil elaterids from the amber of Chiapas, Mexico, including a new genus (Coleoptera) J. Paleontol. 1963;37:125–128.

Iablokoff-Khnzorian S.M. Novye zhestkokrylye semeystva Elateridae iz baltiyskogo yantayra. Paleontol. Zh. 1961;1961:84–97.

Larsson S.G. Baltic amber—A palaeobiological study. Entomonograph. 1978;1:1–192.

Spahr U. Systematischer Katalog der Bernstein- und Kopal-Käfer (Coleoptera). Systematic catalogue of Coleoptera in amber and copal. Stuttg. Beitr. Naturkd. Ser. B. 1981;80:1–107.

Dolin V.G. Iskopaemye formy Zhukov-Shchelkunov (Elateridae, Coleoptera) iz Nizhney Yury Sredney Azii. In: Yaroshenko M., editor. Fauna i Biologiya Nasekomykh Moldavii. 3rd ed. Shtiintsa; Kishinev, Moldova: 1973. pp. 71–82.

Dolin V.G. K sistematike mezozoiskikh zhukov-schchelkunov (Coleoptera, Elateridae) Paleontol. Zhurnal. 1975;9:51–62.

Dolin V.G. Fossil click beetles (Coleoptera, Elateridae) of the subfamilies Negastriinae and Cardophorinae from Upper Jurassic of Karatau. Vestn. Zool. 1976;1976:68–75.

Dolin V.G. Click beetles (Coleoptera, Elateridae) from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau. In: Dolin V.G., Panfilov D.V., Ponomarenko A.G., Pritykina D.N., editors. Fossil Insects of the Mesozoic. Naukova Dumka; Kiev, Ukraine: 1980. pp. 17–81.

Crowson R.A. The Biology of the Coleoptera. Academic Press; London, UK: 1981. pp. 1–802.

Lin Q.B. Early Mesozoic fossil insects from South China. Palaeontol. Sin. Ser. B. 1986;170:1–112.

Zhang H.C. A new genus of Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera) from Lower-Middle Jurassic of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China. Acta Micropal. Sin. 1997;14:71–77.

Hong Y.C. Insecta. In: Yang Y., editor. Palaeontological Atlas of North China. Part II: Mesozoic. Geological Publishing House; Beijing, China: 1984. pp. 128–185.

Zhang J. Fossil Insects from Shanwang, Shandong, China. Shandong Science and Technology Publishing House; Jinan, China: 1989. pp. 1–459.

Zhang J., Sun B., Zhang X. Miocene Insects and Spiders from Shanwang, Shandong. Science Press; Beijing, China: 1994. pp. 1–298.

Whalley P.E.S. The systematics and palaeogeography of the Lower Jurassic insects of Dorset, England. Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. Geol. 1985;39:107–189.

Zaragoza Caballero S. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 3rd ed. Volume 61. Serie zoología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología; Mexico City, Mexico: 1990. Descripción de una especie nueva fósil de Glyphonyx Candèze (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Adrastinae) del ámbar de Simojovel, Chiapas, México; pp. 147–151.

Tröster G. Eine neue Gattung der Elateridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) Macropunctum gen. n. aus der Messel-Formation des unteren Mittel-Eozän der Fundstätte Messel. Cour. Forschungsinst. Senck. 1991;139:99–117.

Tröster G. Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Macropunctum (Elateridae, Pyrophorinae, Agrypnini) aus der mitteleozänen Fossillagerstätte “Eckfelder Maar” (Eifel) mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art Macropunctum eckfeldi n. sp. Mainz. Naturwiss. Arch. 1992;30:111–118.

Tröster G. Fossile Schnellkäfer der Gattung Lanelater Arnett 1952 (Coleoptera, Pyrophorinae, Agrypnini) aus dem Eozän der Grube Messel bei Darmstadt. Senck. Leth. 1993;73:49–60.

Tröster G. Fossile Elateridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) aus dem unteren Mitteleozän (Lutetium) der Grube Messel bei Darmstadt. Cour. Forschungsinst. Senck. 1994;170:11–64.

Tröster G. Neue Arten der Gattung Macropunctum (Insecta, Coleoptera, Elateridae) aus der Olschieferfazies der mitteleozänen Messelformation der Grube Messel bei Darmstadt. Palaontol. Zhurnal. 1994;68:145–162. doi: 10.1007/BF02989437. DOI

Tröster G. An unusual new fossil click-beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from the Middle Eocene of the Grube Messel (Germany) N. Jahrb. Geol. Palaeont. Mon. 1999;1999:11–20. doi: 10.1127/njgpm/1999/1999/11. DOI

Carpenter F.M. Volume 4: Superclass Hexapoda. In: Kaesler R.D., editor. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Geological Society of America; Boulder, CO, USA: University of Kansas; Lawrence, KS, USA: 1992. pp. 279–655. Part R, Arthropoda 4.

Wappler T. Die Insekten aus dem Mittel-Eozän des Eckfelder Maares, Vulkaneifel. Mainzer Naturwiss. Arch. 2003;27:1–234.

Kirejtshuk A.G., Ponomarenko A.G., Kurochkin A.S., Alekseev A.V., Gratshev V.G., Solodovnikov A.V., Krell F.-T., Soriano C. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Insect Limestone (late Eocene), Isle of Wight, southern England. Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. 2019;110:405–492. doi: 10.1017/S1755691018000865. DOI

Martins-Neto R.G., Gallego O.F., Mancuso A.C. The Triassic insect fauna from Argentina. Coleoptera from Los Rastros Formation (Bermejo Basin), La Rioja Province. Ameghiniana. 2006;43:591–609.

Martins-Neto R.G., Gallego O.F. The Triassic insect fauna from Argentina. Blattoptera and Coleoptera from the Ischichuca Formation (Bermejo Basin), La Rioja Province. Ameghiniana. 2009;46:361–372.

Martin S.K. Early Jurassic coleopterans from the Mintaja insect locality, Western Australia. Acta Geol. Sin. 2010;84:925–953. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00276.x. DOI

Alekseev A.V. New jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and similar beetles from the Cretaceous and Early Paleogene of Asia. Paleontol. J. 2008;42:53–59.

Alekseev A.V. New click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from the Cretaceous of Russia and Kazakhstan. Paleontol. J. 2011;45:423–431.

Sohn J.C., Nam G.S., Choi S.W., Ren D. New fossils of Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera) from Early Cretaceous Jinju Formation (South Korea) with their implications to evolutionary diversity of extinct Protagrypninae. PLoS ONE. 2019;14:e0225502. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225502. PubMed DOI PMC

Chang H.L., Kirejtshuk A.G., Ren D. On taxonomy and distribution of fossil Cerophytidae (Coleoptera: Elateriformia) with description of a new Mesozoic species of Necromera Martynov, 1926. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 2011;47:33–44. doi: 10.1080/00379271.2011.10697694. DOI

Chang H.L., Kirejtshuk A.G., Ren D. First fossil click beetles from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Ann. Zool. 2009;59:7–14. doi: 10.3161/000345409X432547. DOI

Chang H.L., Zhao Y.Y., Ren D. New fossil elaterids (Insect: Coleoptera: Polyphaga: Elateridae) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Prog. Nat. Sci. 2009;19:1433–1437. doi: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2009.04.006. DOI

Dong F.B., Huang D.Y. A new click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from Middle Jurassic Haifanggou Formation of western Liaoning, China. Acta Pal. Sin. 2009;48:102–108.

Dong F.B., Huang D.Y. A new elaterid from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou biota (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Protagrypninae) Acta Geol. Sin. 2011;85:1224–1230.

Dolin V.G., Nel A. Trois nouveaux Elateridae fossiles du Mésozoïque supérieur de Chine (Coleoptera) Bull. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 2002;107:341–346.

Chang H.L., Ren D., Shih C.K. New fossil elaterid (Coleoptera: Polyphaga: Elateridae) from Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, China. Prog. Nat. Sci. 2007;17:1244–1249.

Chang H.L., Ren D. New fossil beetles of the family Elateridae from the Jehol Biota of China (Coleoptera: Polyphaga) Acta Geol. Sin. 2008;82:236–243.

Chang H.L., Zhang F., Ren D. A new genus and two new species of fossil Elaterids from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, China (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Zootaxa. 2008;1785:54–62. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.1785.1.3. DOI

Chang H.L., Kirejtshuk A.G., Ren D. New fossil elaterids (Coleoptera: Polyphaga: Elateridae) from the Jehol biota in China. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 2010;103:866–874. doi: 10.1603/AN09076. DOI

Kirejtshuk A.G., Ponomarenko A.G., Prokin A.A., Chang H., Nikolajev G.V., Ren D. Current knowledge on Mesozoic Coleoptera from Daohugou and Liaoning (Northeast China) Acta Geol. Sin. 2010;84:783–792. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00253.x. DOI

Ponomarenko A.G., Yan E.V., Wang B., Zhang H.C. Revision of some early Mesozoic beetles from China. Acta Palaeontol. Sin. 2012;51:475–490.

Yu Y., Liu Z.H., Shih C.H., Ren D. Coleoptera—Beetles. In: Ren D., Shih C.H., Gao T., Yao Y.U., Wang Y., editors. Rhythms of Insect Evolution: Evidence from the Jurassic and Cretaceous in Northern China. 1st ed. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; Hoboken, NJ, USA: 2019. pp. 337–428.

Solórzano Kraemer M.M. Systematic, palaeoecology, and palaeobiogeography of the insect fauna from Mexican amber. Palaeontogr. Abt. A. 2007;282:1–133. doi: 10.1127/pala/282/2007/1. DOI

Schimmel R. Die Megapenthini-Arten Süd- und Südostasiens. Vierter Teil: Phylogenese, Zoogeographie und Katalog (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Pollichia Buch. 2005;48:1–411.

Alekseev V.I. The beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) of Baltic amber: The checklist of described species and preliminary analysis of biodiversity. Zool. Ecol. 2013;23:5–12. doi: 10.1080/21658005.2013.769717. DOI

Kirejtshuk A.G., Kovalev A.V. First fossil representative of the family Omalisidae (Coleoptera, Elateroidea sensu lato) from the Baltic amber. Paleontol. J. 2015;49:1413–1416. doi: 10.1134/S0031030115130031. DOI

Kundrata R., Bukejs A., Prosvirov A.S., Hoffmannova J. X-ray micro-computed tomography reveals a unique morphology in a new click-beetle (Coleoptera, Elateridae) from the Eocene Baltic amber. Sci. Rep. 2020;10:20158. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76908-3. PubMed DOI PMC

Kirejtshuk A.G., Azar D. Current knowledge of Coleoptera (Insecta) from the Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber and taxonomical notes for some Mesozoic groups. Terr. Arthropod Rev. 2013;6:103–143. doi: 10.1163/18749836-06021061. DOI

Otto R.L. Descriptions of two new elateroid beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae, Elateridae) from Burmese amber. Insecta Mundi. 2019;702:1–6.

Kirejtshuk A.G., Ponomarenko A.G. Taxonomical List of Fossil Beetles of the Suborder Scarabaeina (Part 2) [(accessed on 10 May 2020)]; [Last Update: July 2015]. Available online: https://www.zin.ru/Animalia/Coleoptera/eng/paleosy1.htm.

Oberprieler R.G., Ashman L.G., Frese M., Ślipiński A. The first elateroid beetles Coleoptera: Polyphaga: Elateroidea) from the Upper Jurassic of Australia. Zootaxa. 2016;4147:177–191. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.2.5. PubMed DOI

Muona J., Chang H., Ren D. The clicking Elateroidea from Chinese Mesozoic deposits (Insecta, Coleoptera) Insects. 2020;11:875. doi: 10.3390/insects11120875. PubMed DOI PMC

Solórzano Kraemer M.M., Delclòs X., Engel M.S., Peñalver E. A revised definition for copal and its significance for palaeontological and Anthropocene biodiversity-loss studies. Sci. Rep. 2020;10:19904. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76808-6. PubMed DOI PMC

Gistel J.N.F.X. Kerfe in Copal eingeschlossen. Isis Oken. 1831;3:247–248.

Hope F.W. Observations on succinic insects. Part the second. Gums and resins. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 1837;2:46–57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2311.1836.tb00294.x. DOI

Quedenfeldt G. Copal-Insecten aus Africa. Berl. Entomol. Z. 1885;29:363–365. doi: 10.1002/mmnd.18850290217. DOI

Meunier F. Nouvelles recherches sur quelques Diptères et Hyménoptères du copal fossile “dit de Zanzibar”. Rev. Sci. Bourbon Cent. Fr. 1905;18:204–215.

Hawkeswood T.J., Makhan D., Turner J.R. Cardiophorus jacquelinae sp. nov., a new click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Cardiophorinae) from Madagascan copal amber. G. Ital. Entomol. 2009;12:189–197.

Johnson P.J. Elateridae Leach 1815. In: Arnett R.H., Thomas M.C., Skelley P.E., Frank J.H., editors. American Beetles, Vol. 2, Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press; Boca Raton, FL, USA: 2002. pp. 160–173.

Cate P.C. Elateridae Leach, 1815 (-Cebrioninae, Lissominae, Subprotelaterinae) In: Löbl I., Smetana A., editors. Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Apollo Books; Stenstrup, Denmark: 2007. pp. 89–209.

Douglas H. World reclassification of the Cardiophorinae (Coleoptera, Elateridae), based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters. ZooKeys. 2017;655:1–130. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.655.11894. PubMed DOI PMC

Kundrata R., Kubaczkova M., Prosvirov A.S., Douglas H.B., Fojtikova A., Costa C., Bousquet Y., Alonso-Zarazaga M.A., Bouchard P. World catalogue of the genus-group names in Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera). Part I: Agrypninae, Campyloxeninae, Hemiopinae, Lissominae, Oestodinae, Parablacinae, Physodactylinae, Pityobiinae, Subprotelaterinae, Tetralobinae. ZooKeys. 2019;839:83–154. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.839.33279. PubMed DOI PMC

Bouchard P., Bousquet Y., Davies A.E., Alonso-Zarazaga M.A., Lawrence J.F., Lyal C.H.C., Newton A.F., Reid C.A.M., Schmitt M., Ślipiński A., et al. Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) ZooKeys. 2011;88:1–972. PubMed PMC

Hyslop J.A. Genotypes of the elaterid beetles of the world. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1921;58:621–673. doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.2353.621. DOI

Schenkling S. Fam. Elateridae I. Coleopterorum Catalogus, Pars 80. W Junk; Berlin, Germany: 1925. pp. 1–263.

Cohen K.M., Finney S.C., Gibbard P.L., Fan J.X. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes. 2013;36:199–204. doi: 10.18814/epiiugs/2013/v36i3/002. DOI

Leach W.E. Entomology. In: Brewster D., Blackwood W., Waugh J., editors. Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Volume 9. William Blackwood etc.; Edinburgh, UK: 1815. pp. 57–172. Part I.

Linnaeus C. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae: Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus I, Editio Decima, Reformata. Laurentius Salvius; Stockholm, Sweden: 1758. pp. 1–823.

Candèze E.C.A. Monographie des Élatérides. Tome premier. Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liége. 1857;12:1–400.

Eschscholtz J.F. Elaterites, Eintheilung derselben in Gattungen. Entomol. Arch. 1829;2:31–35.

Latreille P.A. Le règne Animal Distribué D’après son Organisation, Pour Servir de Base a L’histoire Naturelle des Animaux et D’introduction a L’anatomie Comparée. Par M le Baron Cuvier. Avec Figures Dessinées D’après Nature. Nouvelle Édition, Revue et Augmentée. Tome IV. Crustacés, Arachnides et Partie des Insectes. Déterville; Paris, France: 1829. pp. 1–584.

Germar E.F. Coleopterorum Species Novae aut Minus Cognitae, Descriptionibus Illustratae. Impensis JC Hendelii et Filii; Halae, Germany: 1823. pp. 1–624. Volumen primum. Coleoptera. Cum Tab. Aen. II.

Korneev V.A., Cate P. Names of insects described by Vladimir Gdalich Dolin. Vestn. Zool. 2005;39:9–26.

Sánchez-Ruiz A. Catálogo bibliográfico de las especies de la familia Elateridae (Coleoptera) de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. In: Ramos M.A., editor. Documentos Fauna Ibérica. 2nd ed. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC; Madrid, Spain: 1996. pp. 1–265.

Hayek C.M.F. A reclassification of the subfamily Agrypninae (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Entomol. 1973;20:1–309.

Laporte F.L.N.C. Études entomologiques, ou descriptions d’insectes nouveaux et observations sur la synonymie. Rev. Entomol. 1838;4:5–60.

Fabricius J.C. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch; Hafniae, Denmark: 1798. pp. 1–572.

Herbst J.F.W. Kritisches Verzeichniß meiner Insektensammlung. Curculio Dytiscus. Arch. Insectengesch. 1784;5:73–128. Fortsetzung.

Giebel C.G.A. Deutschlands Petrefakten. Ein Systematisches Verzeichniss aller in Deutschland und den Angrenzenden Laendern Vorkommenden Petrefacten Nebst Angabe den Synonyme und Fundorte. Ambrosius Abel; Leipzig, Germany: 1852. pp. 1–706.

Handlirsch A. Die Fossilen Insekten und Die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen, Part V. Wilhelm Engelmann; Leipzig, Germany: 1907. pp. 641–800. Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen.

Fleutiaux E. Remarques et observations sur le catalogue des Elateridae, 1re partie, de M. S. Schenkling. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 1926;95:91–112.

ICZN (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th ed. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature; London, UK: 1999. pp. 1–305. PubMed PMC

Meunier F. Die Insektenreste aus dem Lutetien von Messel bei Darmstadt. Abh. Hess. Geol. Landesanst. Darmstadt. 1921;7:2–15.

Schimmel R., Tarnawski D. Monograph of the subtribe Elaterina (Insecta: Coleoptera: Elateridae: Elaterinae) Genus. 2010;21:325–487.

Schimmel R., Tarnawski D. Monograph of the monophylum Tetrigusina (Insecta: Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agrypninae) Polish Entomol. Monogr. 2012;8:1–288.

Keilbach R. Bibliographie und Liste der Arten tierischer Einschlüße in fossilen Harzen sowie ihrer Aufbewahrungsorte. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1982;29:129–286. doi: 10.1002/mmnd.19820290121. DOI

Berthold A.A. Natürliche Familien des Thierreichs. Aus dem Französischen mit Anmerkungen und Zusätzen. Landes-Industrie-Comptoir; Weimar, Germany: 1827. pp. 1–606.

Heer O. Le Monde Primitif de la Suisse. H. Georg; Genève, Switzerland: Basel, Switzerland: 1872. pp. 1–801.

Heer O. In: The Primaeval World of Switzerland. Heywood J., editor. Volume 2. Longmans, Green, and Co.; London, UK: 1876. pp. 1–324.

Heer O. Die Urwelt der Schweiz. 2nd ed. Friedrich Schulthess; Zürich, Switzerland: 1883. pp. 1–713.

Gistel J.N.F.X. Faunula monacensis cantharologica. Isis Oken. 1848;7:4–6.

Dejean P.F.M.A. Catalogue des Coléoptères de la Collection de M. le Comte Dejean. Méquignon-Marvis; Paris, France: 1833. pp. 1–176. Livraisons 1–2.

Arnett R.H. The systematic position of Melanactes and Pseudomelanactes (Coleoptera, Elateridae) Entomol. News. 1967;78:110–111.

Mathieu J.M. Revision of the genus Melanactes, with a proposed new genus (Coleoptera, Elateridae) Am. Midl. Nat. 1961;65:459–480. doi: 10.2307/2422967. DOI

Fairmaire L. Descriptions de Coléoptères de l´Indo-Chine. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 1888;6:333–378.

Arnett R.H. A review of the Nearctic Adelocerina (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Pyrophorinae, Pyrophorini) Wasmann J. Biol. 1952;10:103–126.

LeConte J.L. Revision of the Elateridæ of the United States. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1853;10:405–508.

Candèze E.C.A. Monographie des Élatérides. Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liége. 1863;17:1–534. Tome quatrième.

Billberg G.J. Enumeratio insectorum in Museo Gust. Joh. Billberg. Gadel; Stockholm, Sweden: 1820. pp. 1–138.

Haupt H. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der eozänen Arthropodenfauna des Geiseltales. Nova Acta Leopold. 1956;18:1–89.

Candèze E.C.A. Monographie des Élatérides. Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liége. 1859;14:1–543. Tome second.

Fabricius J.C. Systema Eleutheratorium Secundum Ordines, Genera, Species Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus. Bibliopolii Academici Novi; Kiliae, Germany: 1801. pp. 1–687. Tom II.

Scopoli J.A. Entomologia Carniolica: Exhibens Insecta Carnioliae Indigena et Distributa in Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates: Methodo Linnaeana. Johann Trattner; Vienna, Austria: 1763. pp. 1–420.

Wickham H.F. Supplement to Catalogue of North American Coleoptera described as fossils. In: Leng C.W., Mutchler A.J., editors. Supplement 1919 to 1924 (Inclusive) to Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, North of Mexico. Sherman; Mt. Vernon, NY, USA: 1927. pp. 55–56.

Candèze E.C.A. Monographie des Élatérides. Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liége. 1860;15:1–512. Tome troisième.

Fabricius J.C. Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta. Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adjectis Synonimis, Locis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus. Christian Gottlob; Copenhagen, Denmark: 1792. pp. 1–330.

Birket-Smith S.J.R. Fossil insects from Spitsbergen. Acta Arct. 1977;19:1–42.

Etzler F.E. Generic reclassification of Limonius Eschscholtz, 1829 (Elateridae: Dendrometrinae) sensu Candèze 1860 of the world. Zootaxa. 2019;4683:301–335. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4683.3.1. PubMed DOI

Scudder S.H. Canadian fossil insects, myriapods and arachnids, 2. The Coleoptera hitherto found fossil in Canada. Contrib. Can. Palaeontol. 1895;2:27–56. Geological Survey of Canada.

Scudder S.H. Adephagous and clavicorn Coleoptera from the Tertiary deposits at Florissant, Colorado with descriptions of a few other forms and a systematic list of the non-rhynchophorus Tertiary Coleoptera of North America. Monogr. U. S. Geol. Surv. 1900;40:1–148.

Heyden C.V. Gliederthiere aus der Braunkohle des Niederrhein’s, der Wetterau und der Rohn. Palaeontographica. 1862;10:62–82.

Charpentier T. Horae Entomologicae, Adjectis Tabulis Novem Coloratis. A. Gosohorsky; Wratislaviae, Poland: 1825. pp. 1–255.

Kundrata R., Musalkova M., Kubaczkova M. Annotated catalogue of the click-beetle tribe Dimini (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Dendrometrinae) Zootaxa. 2018;4412:1–75. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4412.1.1. PubMed DOI

Schwarz O. Coleoptera. Fam. Elateridae. In: Wytsman P.A., editor. Genera Insectorum. Volume VII. P. Wytsman; Brussels, Belgium: 1906. pp. 1–224. Fascicules 46A, 46B.

Dillwyn L.W. In: Memoranda Relating to Coleopterous Insects, Found in the Neighbourhood of Swansea. Murray W.C., Rees D., editors. Swansea, UK: 1829. pp. 1–75.

Stibick J.N.L. Introduction, phylogeny, biogeography. The Hypnoidinae of North and South America. The genera Berninelsonius and Ligmargus. Eos. 1976;51:143–223. A revision of the Hypnoidinae of the world (Col. Elateridae). Part I.

Stibick J.N.L. The Hypnoidinae of New Zealand, fossil Hypnoidinae, postscript and indexes. Eos. 1981;55–56:227–294. A revision of the Hypnoidinae of the World (Col. Elateridae). Part V.

Scudder S.H. The Tertiary Insects of North America. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. 1890;13:1–734.

Hope F.W. A monograph on the coleopterous family Phyllophoridae. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1842;10:73–79.

Latreille P.A. Distribution méthodique et naturelle des genres de diverses tribus d’insectes coléopteres, de la famille des serricornes. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 1834;3:113–170.

Olivier G.A. Entomologie, ou Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Avec Leurs Caractères Génériques et Spécifiques, Leur Description, Leur Synonymie, et leur Figure Enluminée. Coléoptères. Baudouin; Paris, France: 1790. pp. 1–458. Tome Deuxième.

Drury D. Illustrations of Natural History. Wherein Are exhibited Upwards of Two Hundred and Forty Figures of Exotic Insects, according to Their Different Genera; Very Few of Which Have Hitherto Been Figured by Any Author, Being Engraved and Coloured from Nature, with the Greatest Accurancy, and under the Author’s Own Inspection, on Fifty Copper Plates. With a Particular Description of each Insect: Interspersed with Remarks and Reflections on the Nature and Properties of Many of Them. Volume 2. Benjamin White; London, UK: 1773. pp. 1–90.

Gistel J.N.F.X. Fauna der Vorwelt mit Steter Beruecksichtigung der Lebenden Thiere. Zweiter Band: Gliederthiere. Erste Abtheilung: Insecten und Spinnen. Brockhaus; Leipzig, Germany: 1856. pp. 1–512.

Heer O. Recherches sur le Climat et la Végétation du Pays Tertiaire. Jean Wurster & Comp.; Winterthur, Switzerland: 1861. pp. 1–220.

Scudder S.H. The Fossil Insects of the Green River Shales. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. 1878;4:747–776.

LeConte J.L. Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 1861;136:1–214. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution, Part I.

LeConte J.L. New species of North American Coleoptera. Smithson. Misc. Coll. 1863;167:1–86.

Say T. Descriptions of coleopterous insects collected in the late expedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Major Long. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1823;3:139–282.

Scudder S.H. The first discovered traces of fossil insects in the American Tertiaries. Bull. U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. 1877;3:741–762.

Roache L.C. A revision of the genus Oxygonus LeConte with a description of one new species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) (Tribe: Agriotini) Coleopt. Bull. 1963;15:101–108.

Schimmel R., Tarnawski D., Han T., Platia G. Monograph of the new tribe Selatosomini from China (Elateridae: Denticollinae). Part I: Genera Pristilophus Latreille, 1834 stat. nov., Selatosomus Stephens, 1830, Warchalowskia (Tarnawski, 1995) stat. nov., and Sinophotistus gen. nov. Pol. Entomol. Monogr. 2015;11:1–328.

Stephens J.F. Illustrations of British Entomology; or, a Synopsis of Indigenous Insects: Containing Their Generic and Specific Distinctions; with an Account of Their Metamorphoses, Times of Appearance, Localities, Food, and Economy, As Far As Practicable. Volume 3. Mandibulata; Baldwin and Cradock; London, UK: 1830. pp. 1–374.

Jakobson G.G. Zhuki Rossii i Zapadnoy Evropy. Fasc. 10. Izdaniye A. Devriena; St. Petersburg, Russia: 1913. pp. 721–864.

Fabricius J.C. Systema Entomologiae, Sistens Insectorvm Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibvs, Observationibvs. Officina Libraria Kortii; Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, Germany: 1775. pp. 1–832.

Laporte F.L.N.C. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coléoptères. Avec une Introduction Renfermant L’anatomie et la Physiologie des Animaux Articulés, par M. Brullé. Tome Premier. Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés, Annelides, Crustacés, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. P. Duménil; Paris, France: 1840. pp. 1–324.

Germar E.F. Bemerkungen über Elateriden. Z. Entomol. 1844;5:133–192.

Panzer W.G.F. Faunae Insectorum Germanicae Initia Oder Deutschlands Insecten. Heft 6; Felsecker; Nürnberg, Germany: 1793. pp. 1–24.

Wickham H.F. Second supplement to Catalogue of North American Coleoptera described as fossils. In: Leng C.W., Mutchler A.J., editors. Second and Third Supplements 1925 to 1932 (Inclusive) to Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, North of Mexico. Sherman; Mt. Vernon, NY, USA: 1933. pp. 103–105.

Fletcher T.B. Proceedings of the Third Entomological Meeting, Pusa, India, 3–15 February 1919. Volume 3. Agricultural Research Institute; Pusa, India: 1920. Indian fossil insects; pp. 983–990.

Zherikhin V.V. Various ways of examining past faunistic complexes. Trudy Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR. 1978;165:1–198.

Poinar G. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press; Stanford, CA, USA: 1992. pp. 1–350.

Ross A.J., York P.V. A list of type and figured specimens of insects and other inclusions in Burmese amber. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Geol. Ser. 2000;56:11–20.

Peris D., Háva J. New species from Late Cretaceous New Jersey amber and stasis in subfamily Attageninae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Dermestidae) J. Paleontol. 2016;90:491–498. doi: 10.1017/jpa.2016.51. DOI

Gurjeva E.L. Novaya triba zhukov-shchelkunov Megapenthini tribus n. (Coleoptera, Elateridae) Zool. Zhurnal. 1973;52:448–451.

Kiesenwetter E.A.H. Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschland. Erste Abtheilung. Coleoptera. Vierter Band. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung; Berlin, Germany: 1858. pp. 179–386.

Fleutiaux E. Révision des Élatérides (Coléoptères) de l´Indo-Chine Française. Notes Entomol. Chin. 1947;11:233–420. Première Partie.

Candèze E.C.A. Élatérides nouveaux. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 1878;21:135–143.

Redtenbacher G. Quaedam Genera et Species Coleopterorum Archiducatus Austriae Nondum Descriptorum. Typis Caroli Ueberreuter; Vindobonae, Austria: 1842. pp. 1–31.

Germar E.F. Bemerkungen über Elateriden. Z. Entomol. 1840;2:241–278.

Laporte F.L.N.C. Études entomologiques, ou descriptions d’insectes nouveaux et observations sur la synonymie. Rev. Entomol. 1835;3:157–181.

Dalman J.W. Insectorum Nova Genera. Ephemerides Entomologicae. P.A. Norstedt; Holmiae, Sweden: 1824. pp. 1–36.

Legalov A.A. Fossil Mesozoic and Cenozoic weevils (Coleoptera, Obrienioidea, Curculionoidea) Paleontol. J. 2015;49:1442–1513. doi: 10.1134/S0031030115130067. DOI

Legalov A.A. Fossil History of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) from the Paleogene. Geosciences. 2020;10:358. doi: 10.3390/geosciences10090358. DOI

Schwarz O. Ueber die Elateriden-Gattungen Protelater Sharp und Anaspasis Cand. und ihre systematische Stellung nebst Beschreibung einer neuen Gattung und Art. Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1902;1902:364–366.

Sharp D. On the Elateridae of New Zealand. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877;19:396–487. doi: 10.1080/00222937708682163. DOI

Nakane T., Kishii T. On the subfamilies of Elateridae from Japan (Coleoptera) Kontyû. 1956;24:201–206.

Thomson C.G. Skandinaviens Coleoptera, Synoptiskt Bearbetade, Tomus I. Tryckt uti Berlingska Boktryckeriet; Lund, Sweden: 1859. pp. 1–290.

Stibick J.N.L. The generic classification of the Negastriinae (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Pac. Insects. 1971;13:371–390.

Say T. Description of new North American insects and observations on some already described. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1839;6:155–190. doi: 10.2307/1005320. DOI

Lacordaire J.T. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coléoptères ou Exposé Méthodique et Critique de Tous les Genres Proposés Jusqu’ici dans cet Ordre D’insectes. Tome Quatrième Contenant les Familles des Buprestides, Throscides, Eucnémides, Élatérides, Cébrionides, Cérophytides, Rhipicérides, Dascyllides, Malacodermes, Clérides, Lyméxylones, Cupésides, Ptiniores, Bostrichides et Cissides. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret; Paris, France: 1857. pp. 1–579.

Geoffroy E.L. Histoire Abregée des Insectes qui se Trouvent aux Environs de Paris, dans Laquelle ces Animaux Sont Ranges Suivant un ordre Méthodique. Tome Premier. Durand; Paris, France: 1762. pp. 1–523.

Hyslop J.A. The phylogeny of the Elateridae based on larval characters. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 1917;10:241–263. doi: 10.1093/aesa/10.3.241. DOI

Stibick J.N.L. Classification of the Elateridae (Coleoptera). Relationships and classification of the subfamilies and tribes. Pac. Insects. 1979;20:145–186.

Huber C., Marggi W., Menkveld-Gfeller U. Dolinelater nom. nov., a substitute name for Idiomorphus Dolin, 1980 (Coleoptera, Elateridae) Contrib. Nat. Hist. 2017;34:1–4.

Handlirsch A. Neue Untersuchungen über die fossilen Insekten mit Ergänzungen und Nachträgen sowie Ausblicken auf phylogenetische, palaeogeographische und allgemein biologische Probleme. II. Teil. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien. 1938;49:1–240.

Phillips J. Geology of Oxford and the Valley of the Thames. Clarendon Press; Oxford, UK: 1871. pp. 1–523.

Dong F.B., Cai C.Y., Huang D.Y. Revision of five Mesozoic beetles from southern China. Acta Pal. Sin. 2011;50:481–491.

Jell P.A. The fossil insects of Australia. Mem. Qld. Mus. 2004;50:1–124.

Cockerell T.D.A. The fauna of the Sunchal (or Margas Verdes) Formation, Northern Argentina. Am. Mus. Novit. 1936;886:1–9.

Coram R.A., Jepson J.E. Fossil Insects of the Purbeck Limestone Group of Southern England: Palaeoentomology from the Dawn of the Cretaceous. Siri Scientific Press; Manchester, UK: 2012. pp. 1–144.

Yu Y., Ślipiński A., Lawrence J.F., Yan E., Ren D., Pang H. Reconciling past and present: Mesozoic fossil record and a new phylogeny of the family Cerophytidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) Cret. Res. 2019;99:51–70. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2019.02.024. DOI

Yan E.V., Zhang H. New beetle species of the formal genus Artematopodites (Coleoptera: Polyphaga), with remarks on the taxonomic position of the genera Ovivagina and Sinonitidulina. Paleontol. J. 2010;44:451–456. doi: 10.1134/S0031030110040118. DOI

Heyden C.V. Fossile Insekten aus der Rheinischen Braunkhohle. Palaeontographica. 1859;8:1–15.

Crowson R.A. The evolutionary history of Coleoptera, as documented by fossil and comparative evidence. Atti Congr. Naz. Ital. Ent. 1975;10:47–90.

Hörnschemeyer T. New species of Electribius Crowson 1973 (Coleoptera: Artematopodidae) from Baltic amber. Paläontol. Z. 1998;72:299–306. doi: 10.1007/BF02988360. DOI

Štys P. Revision of fossil and pseudofossil Enicocephalidae (Heteroptera) Acta Entomol. Bohemoslov. 1969;66:352–365.

Bellamy C.L. Buprestidae (Coleoptera) from amber deposits: A brief review and family switch. Coleopt. Bull. 1995;49:175–177.

Ross A.J. Amber, the Natural Time Capsule. The Natural History Museum; London, UK: 1998. pp. 1–73.

Bellamy C.L. World Catalogue and Bibliography of the Jewel Beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestoidea) Pensoft Publishers; Sofia, Bulgaria: 2008. pp. 1–625. Volume 1: Introduction; Fossil Taxa; Schizopodidae; Buprestidae: Julodinae-Chrysochroinae: Poecilonotini.

Ding Q., Labandeira C.C., Ren D. Biology of a leaf miner (Coleoptera) on Liaoningocladus boii (Coniferales) from the Early Cretaceous of northeastern China and the leaf-mining biology of possible insect culprit clades. Arthropod Syst. Phylogeny. 2014;72:281–308.

Calder A.A. Click Beetles: Genera of the Australian Elateridae (Coleoptera). Monographs on Invertebrate Taxonomy. Volume 2. CSIRO Publishing; Victoria, Australia: 1996. pp. 1–401.

Grimaldi D., Engel M. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press; New York, NY, USA: Cambridge, UK: 2005. pp. 1–755.

McKenna D.D., Wild A.L., Kanda K., Bellamy C.L., Beutel R.G., Caterino M.C., Farnum C.W., Hawks D.C., Ivie M.A., Jameson M.L., et al. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Syst. Entomol. 2015;40:835–880. doi: 10.1111/syen.12132. DOI

Bocak L., Kundrata R., Andújar Fernández C., Vogler A.P. The discovery of Iberobaeniidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea): A new family of beetles from Spain, with immatures detected by environmental DNA sequencing. Proc. R. Soc. B. 2016;283:20152350. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2350. PubMed DOI PMC

Hunt T., Bergsten J., Levkanicova Z., Papadopoulou A., St John O., Wild R., Hammond P.M., Ahrens D., Balke M., Caterino M.S., et al. A comprehensive phylogeny of beetles reveals the evolutionary origins of a superradiation. Science. 2007;318:1913–1916. doi: 10.1126/science.1146954. PubMed DOI

Chang H.L., Muona J., Pu H., Xu L., Wang C., Teräväinen M., Ren D., Yang Q., Zhang X., Jia S. Chinese Cretaceous larva exposes a southern Californian living fossil (Insecta, Coleoptera, Eucnemidae) Cladistics. 2016;32:211–214. PubMed

Li Y.D., Tihelka E., Liu Z.H., Huang D.Y., Cai C.Y. Muonabuntor gen. nov., a new genus of false click beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Eucnemidae) Palaeoentomology. 2020;3:399–406. doi: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.12. DOI

Zhang S.-Q., Che L.-H., Li Y., Liang D., Pang H., Ślipiński A., Zhang P. Evolutionary history of Coleoptera revealed by extensive sampling of genes and species. Nat. Commun. 2018;9:1–11. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02644-4. PubMed DOI PMC

Muona J. Throscidae (Coleoptera) relationships, with descriptions of new fossil genera and species. Zootaxa. 2019;4576:521–543. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4576.3.6. PubMed DOI

Li Y.D., Zhao Y.-C., Huang D.Y., Cai C.Y. A new throscid from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea: Throscidae) Hist. Biol. 2020 doi: 10.1080/08912963.2020.1741573. in press. DOI

Muona J. The late Cretaceous amber Eucnemidae fossils from Myanmar. Ent. Bl. Col. 2020;116:1–27.

Li Y.D., Huang D.Y., Cai C.Y. New genera and species of the family Throscidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Insects. 2021;12:63. doi: 10.3390/insects12010063. PubMed DOI PMC

Li H., Chang H.L., Muona J., Zhao Y., Ren D. Subfamily Anischiinae (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) in early Cretaceous of Northeast China. Insects. 2021;12:105. doi: 10.3390/insects12020105. PubMed DOI PMC

Alekseev V.I., Ellenberger S. A new beetle family, Mysteriomorphidae fam. nov. (Coleoptera: Elateriformia incertae sedis), from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Palaeoentomology. 2019;2:482–490. doi: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.5.12. DOI

Peris D., Kundrata R., Delclòs X., Mähler B., Ivie M.A., Rust J., Labandeira C.C. Unlocking the mystery of the mid-Cretaceous Mysteriomorphidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) and modalities in transiting from gymnosperms to angiosperms. Sci. Rep. 2020;10:16854. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73724-7. PubMed DOI PMC

Lawrence J.F., Ślipiński A., Seago A.E., Thayer M.K., Newton A.F., Marvaldi A.E. Phylogeny of the Coleoptera based on morphological characters of adults and larvae. Ann. Zool. 2011;61:1–217. doi: 10.3161/000345411X576725. DOI

Gurjeva E.L. Stroenie grudnogo otdela zhukov-shchelkunov (Coleoptera, Elateridae) i znachenie ego priznakov dlya sistemy semeistva [Thoracic structure of click beetles (Coleoptera, Elateridae) and the significance of the structural characters for the system of the family] Entomol. Obozr. 1974;53:96–113.

Meyer H.W. The Fossils of Florissant. Smithsonian Books; Washington, DC, USA: 2003. pp. 1–258.

Fikáček M., Schmied H. Insect fauna of the Late Miocene locality of Öhningen (Germany) less diverse than reported: An example of the hydrophilid beetles (Coleoptera) J. Paleontol. 2013;87:427–443. doi: 10.1666/12-101.1. DOI

Tarasov S., Vaz-de-Mello F.Z., Krell F., Dimitrov D. A review and phylogeny of Scarabaeine dung beetle fossils (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with the description of two Canthochilum species from Dominican amber. PeerJ. 2016;4:e1988. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1988. PubMed DOI PMC

Ponomarenko A.G. The geological history of beetles. In: Pakaluk J., Ślipiński A., editors. Biology, Phylogeny and Classification of Coleoptera: Papers Celebrating the 80th Birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN; Warszawa, Poland: 1995. pp. 87–155.

Poinar G. Associations between fossil beetles and other organisms. Geosciences. 2019;9:184. doi: 10.3390/geosciences9040184. DOI

Peris D., Ruzzier E., Perrichot V., Delclòs X. Evolutionary and paleobiological implications of Coleoptera (Insecta) from Tethyan-influenced Cretaceous ambers. Geosci. Front. 2016;7:695–706. doi: 10.1016/j.gsf.2015.12.007. DOI

Peris D. Coleoptera in amber from Cretaceous resiniferous forests. Cret. Res. 2020;113:104484. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104484. DOI

Peris D., Rust J. Cretaceous beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) in amber: The palaeoecology of this most diverse group of insects. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 2020;189:1085–1104. doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz118. DOI

Kirejtshuk A.G., Azar D. New taxa of beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) from Lebanese amber with evolutionary and systematic comments. Alavesia. 2008;2:15–46.

Boucher S., Bai M., Wang B., Zhang W., Yang X. †Passalopalpidae, a new family from the Cretaceous Burmese amber, as the possible sister group of Passalidae Leach (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Cret. Res. 2016;64:67–78. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2016.03.017. DOI

Bao T., Walczyńska K.S., Moody S., Wang B., Rust J. New family Apotomouridae fam. nov. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) from lower Cenomanian amber of Myanmar. Cret. Res. 2018;91:14–19. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2018.05.007. DOI

Clarke D.J., Limaye A., McKenna D.D., Oberprieler R.G. The weevil fauna preserved in Burmese amber—Snapshot of a unique, extinct lineage (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Diversity. 2019;11:1. doi: 10.3390/d11010001. DOI

Li Y.D., Kundrata R., Tihelka E., Liu Z.H., Huang D.Y., Cai C.Y. Cretophengodidae, a new Cretaceous beetle family, sheds light on the evolution of bioluminescence. Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 2021;288:20202730. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2730. PubMed DOI PMC

Arriaga-Varela E., Brunke A., Girón J.C., Szawaryn K., Bruthansová J., Fikáček M. Micro-CT reveals hidden morphology and clarifies the phylogenetic position of Baltic amber water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) Hist. Biol. 2019 doi: 10.1080/08912963.2019.1699921. in press. DOI

Rasnitsyn A.P., Ross A.J. A prelimanary list of arthropod families present in the Burmese amber collection at The Natural History Museum, London. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Geol. Ser. 2000;56:21–24.

Click beetle larvae from Cretaceous Burmese amber represent an ancient Gondwanan lineage

Functional Morphology of the Thorax of the Click Beetle Campsosternus auratus (Coleoptera, Elateridae), with an Emphasis on Its Jumping Mechanism

The first mainland European Mesozoic click-beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) revealed by X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning of an Upper Cretaceous amber from Hungary

Extant Genus in the Mesozoic: Paleoplatyura Meunier (Diptera: Keroplatidae) Found in the Cretaceous Amber of Myanmar

Notes on the Morphology and Systematic Position of Archaeolus Lin, 1986, from the Jurassic of South China (Coleoptera: Elateroidea)

Anchored Phylogenomics, Evolution and Systematics of Elateridae: Are All Bioluminescent Elateroidea Derived Click Beetles?