Implantable devices for the wireless modulation of neural tissue need to be designed for reliability, safety and reduced invasiveness. Here we report chronic electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve in rats by an implanted organic electrolytic photocapacitor that transduces deep-red light into electrical signals. The photocapacitor relies on commercially available semiconducting non-toxic pigments and is integrated in a conformable 0.1-mm3 thin-film cuff. In freely moving rats, fixation of the cuff around the sciatic nerve, 10 mm below the surface of the skin, allowed stimulation (via 50-1,000-μs pulses of deep-red light at wavelengths of 638 nm or 660 nm) of the nerve for over 100 days. The robustness, biocompatibility, low volume and high-performance characteristics of organic electrolytic photocapacitors may facilitate the wireless chronic stimulation of peripheral nerves.

Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic

Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA

Department of Neurology Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA

Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia

Institute for Genomic Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA

Laboratory of Organic Electronics Campus Norrköping Linköping University Norrköping Sweden

Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine Linköping University Linköping Sweden

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