Obesity adversely affects bone and fat metabolism in mice and humans. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) have been shown to improve glucose metabolism and bone homeostasis in obesity. However, the impact of omega-3 PUFAs on bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) metabolism has not been intensively studied yet. In the present study we demonstrated that omega-3 PUFA supplementation in high fat diet (HFD + F) improved bone parameters, mechanical properties along with decreased BMAT in obese mice when compared to the HFD group. Primary BMSCs isolated from HFD + F mice showed decreased adipocyte and higher osteoblast differentiation with lower senescent phenotype along with decreased osteoclast formation suggesting improved bone marrow microenvironment promoting bone formation in mice. Thus, our study highlights the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFA-enriched diet on bone and cellular metabolism and its potential use in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases.

Biomechanics lab Institute of Mechanics Materials and Civil Engineering UCLouvain Louvain la Neuve Belgium

Czech Centre for Phenogenomics and Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic

Department of Chemistry Molecular Design and Synthesis KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Department of Materials Engineering KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Department of Mechanical Engineering KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Faculty of Science Charles University Prague Czech Republic

FIBEr KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic

Laboratory of Bioenergetics Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic

Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic

Laboratory of Translational Metabolism Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic

Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory Department of Endocrinology Odense University Hospital Odense C DK 5000 Denmark

Pole of Morphology Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research UCLouvain Brussels Belgium

Prometheus Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium

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Nutrition and Bone Marrow Adiposity in Relation to Bone Health

Exploring contrast-enhancing staining agents for studying adipose tissue through contrast-enhanced computed tomography