Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) interact with a variety of biomolecules, including DNA, mRNAs, microRNA, and proteins, to regulate various cellular processes. Recently, their interactions with lipids have gained increasing attention as an emerging research area. Both lipids and lncRNAs play central roles in cellular regulation, and growing evidence reveals a complex interplay between these molecules. These interactions contribute to key biological functions, such as cancer progression, lipid droplet transport, autophagy, liquid-liquid phase separation, and the formation of organelles without membranes. Understanding the lipid-lncRNA interface opens new avenues for unraveling cellular regulation and disease mechanisms, holding great potential not only for elucidating the fundamental aspects of cellular biology but also for identifying innovative therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders and cancer. This review highlights the biological relevance of lipid-lncRNA interactions by exploring their roles in cellular organization, regulation, and diseases, including metabolic and cancer-related disorders.

Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

Laboratory of Cancer Cell Architecture Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University 128 00 Prague Czech Republic

Unidad de Biologia Integrativa Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A C Mérida 97205 Yucatan Mexico

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