Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an important treatment modality in psychiatry, considered to be the most effective option for pharmaco-resistant affective and psychotic disorders. Despite its great efficacy, it still remains a rather controversial method, which hinders its full potential. It is feasible to say that in part, this controversy is caused by a largely negative image of ECT displayed through media. The depiction of ECT in movies has been studied and well documented in the past. The aim of our study was to provide an overview of how ECT is represented in video games - a form of media where ECT representation has been overlooked in scientific literature so far. As with movies, most of these portrayals are negative, depicting ECT as an obsolete, aggressive or torturous treatment method.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Elektrokonvulzivní terapie je důležitou biologickou modalitou léčby v moderní psychiatrii, která prošla za posledních 80 let radikálním vývojem nejen v oblasti technologie, ale i ve způsobu její aplikace. Navzdory širokému spektru využitelnosti a doposud nepřekonané účinnosti však dodnes nedokázala naplnit svůj plný potenciál, zejména kvůli stigmatizaci v očích veřejnosti. Na mnoha pracovištích se dodnes používá jako metoda poslední volby, moderní studie však ukazují, že by v léčbě měla být prosazována mnohem dřív.
Electroconvulsive therapy is an important biological treatment modality used in modern psychiatry, that underwent radical changes over the last 80 years, not only in its technological aspect, but also the way of application. Despite a large spectrum of its potential use and to this date, unparalleled efficacy, it has not yet been able to reach its full potential due to its stigmatisation in the public eye. It is often used as a „last choice“ treatment in many psychiatric institutions, despite numerous studies showing that it should be proposed to the patient earlier in the course of treatment.
- MeSH
- duševní poruchy terapie MeSH
- elektrokonvulzívní terapie * metody škodlivé účinky trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- společenské stigma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- výukové testy MeSH
Video games represent a rapidly growing media form that is a daily activity for many youths. So far, only a little attention has been paid to the portrayal of mental illnesses and psychiatric intervention within them. In our research, we explored the best-selling video games released between 2002-2021 in order to analyse these representations. We came to the conclusion that approximately 1 out of 10 popular games attempts to portray symptoms of mental illness - with a majority of 75% of them in a negative and stereotypical way. Despite the majority of mental illness depiction in popular video games being negative, there are mounting reports that certain representations have a positive impact on their player bases. Further studies are required, as to how much videogames influence the player's attitude toward this topic.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Repetitivní transkraniální magnetická stimulace (rTMS) představuje v psychiatrii moderní léčebnou biologickou léčebnou modalitu, jejíž princip spočívá v elektromagnetické indukci. Hlavní indikací k léčbě rTMS jsou deprese a tinnitus, potencionální účinnost metody u řady dalších onemocnění je v současnosti zkoumána v rámci experimentálních protokolů. Kromě samostatného využití v léčbě je rTMS v posledních letech předmětem intenzivního zájmu v možnosti souběžného použití s jinými léčebnými modalitami, zejména elektrokonvulzivní terapií.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a modern biologic treatment modality in psychiatry based on a principle of electromagnetic induction. The main indications for the treatment with rTMS are depression and tinnitus; potential efficacy of the method in many other diseases is currently being researched in the context of experimental protocols. In recent years, rTMS is not only used as a monotherapy, but also as an option of intensive interest in the area of concurrent use with other treatment modalities, esoecially with electroconvulsive therapy.
The safety and efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with a brain tumor have been debated in the past without a clear conclusion. In the last large review published by Maltbie et al. in 1980, it was concluded that the presence of an intracranial mass should be considered an absolute contraindication to ECT. In our updated review, we investigated a total of 33 published and indexed case reports, case report series, and reviews of 75 individual patients who underwent ECT in the presence of a brain tumor over the last 80 years. Mounting case reports after the original Maltbie et al. review show that it is feasible to apply this method safely in patients with benign or otherwise clinically insignificant lesions. Certain precautionary measures, such as dexamethasone or phenytoin application before ECT, could lead to a further minimalization or even absence of adverse effects, particularly in higher risk individuals.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
We describe a case of a right-handed, 42-year-old, Caucasian female patient who manifested a set of unusual adverse effects during maintenance ultrabrief right-unilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)-generalized myoclonic secondary seizure with lateralization nonresponsive to repeated intravenous diazepam application, deviation of the tongue and the head to the left, ping-pong gaze with nystagmoid jerks, postictal hypoactive confusion state lasting 15 minutes (with a total time to recovery 30 minutes), and likely Todd's paralysis after the procedure (subsided within 24 hours). These adverse effects led to a thorough clinical investigation and eventually the discovery of a brain tumor. In the article, we hypothesize about the possible interaction between the intracranial mass and ECT and provide a literature overview on the topic. Cases like this are likely underreported, and although several studies demonstrate that ECT can be applied safely to patients with an intracranial mass, this report demonstrates that brain tumor can interfere with ECT in an unpredictable way and have severe consequences (eg, unresponsiveness to diazepam when attempting to halt the seizure as our patient). Unusual symptoms after ECT, albeit reversible, such as in this case report, should be followed by a thorough neurological check-up to exclude any underlying organic pathology.
- MeSH
- depresivní porucha unipolární terapie MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroencefalografie MeSH
- elektrokonvulzívní terapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory mozku diagnóza MeSH
- náhodný nález MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- funkční lateralita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- postižené děti MeSH
- sluchově postižení MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- zrakově postižení MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Maďarsko MeSH
