- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Basidiomycota enzymologie metabolismus MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- celulosa metabolismus MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu chemie MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lignin metabolismus MeSH
- očkovadla agrotechnická MeSH
- perzistentní organické znečišťující látky * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Pleurotus enzymologie metabolismus MeSH
- polychlorované bifenyly metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- regenerace a remediace životního prostředí metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Strategie AV21
vydáni 1. 30 stran : ilustrace,tabulky ; 21 cm
Brožura si klade za cíl seznámit veřejnost s hrozbami týkajícími se používání a výroby chemických organických látek zvaných endokrinní disruptory, jejichž používání není mnohdy zakázáno ani omezeno.
- MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory škodlivé účinky MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- životní prostředí a veřejné zdravotnictví zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- Konspekt
- Znečištění a poškození životního prostředí
- NLK Obory
- environmentální vědy
- farmacie a farmakologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- brožury
Without any doubt, endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) represent an environmental risk for wildlife and human beings. Endocrine-disrupting effects were found for many chemicals in products for personal use, industrial compounds and even in classical persistent organic pollutants (POPs). In order to understand the fate of EDCs in the environment, it is highly important to identify and to clarify the biodegradation mechanisms that can lead to their decomposition. Ligninolytic fungi (LF) are interesting microorganisms that are capable of participating in a variety of versatile decomposition mechanisms. The microorganisms represent a useful model group and, moreover, LF or their enzymes can be actively used for decontamination. Potential optimization of the decontamination process provides another important reason why it is necessary for understanding the mechanisms of EDC transformation. This minireview summarizes current knowledge about the LF biodegradation mechanisms of the most important micropollutants (xenoestrogens), including nonylphenols, bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol and polychlorinated biphenyls as POPs with endocrine-disrupting potency. Generally, LF exhibit the ability to either polymerize the target pollutants or to substantially decompose the original structure using ligninolytic enzymes and cytochrome P-450. Moreover, most of the transformation processes are accompanied by reduction of the endocrine-disrupting activity or ecotoxicity.
- MeSH
- benzhydrylové sloučeniny metabolismus MeSH
- biodegradace * MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- fenoly metabolismus MeSH
- houby metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lignin metabolismus MeSH
- nesteroidní estrogeny metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- polychlorované bifenyly metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Natural estrogens such as estrone, 17beta-estradiol, estriol, and the particularly recalcitrant synthetic estrogen 17alpha-ethinylestradiol used as oral contraceptive, accumulate in the environment and may give rise to health problems. The processes participating in their removal from soil, wastewater, water-sediments, groundwater-aquifer material, and wastewater or sewage treatment plant effluents may involve the action of bacterial and microbial consortia, and in some cases fungi and algae. This review discusses the different efficiencies of bacterial degradation of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, the role of sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron-reducing conditions in anaerobic degradation, and the role of sorption. The participation of autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in cometabolic degradation of estrogens, the estrogen-degrading action of ligninolytic fungi and their extracellular enzymes (lignin peroxidase, manganese-dependent peroxidase, versatile peroxidase, laccase), and of algae are discussed in detail.
- MeSH
- Bacteria metabolismus MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- biotransformace MeSH
- estrogeny chemická syntéza metabolismus MeSH
- ethinylestradiol chemická syntéza metabolismus MeSH
- houby metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) represent a large group of substances of natural and anthropogenic origin. They are widely distributed in the environment and can pose serious risks to aquatic organisms and to public health. In this study, 4-n-nonylphenol, technical 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, and triclosan were biodegraded by eight ligninolytic fungal strains (Irpex lacteus 617/93, Bjerkandera adusta 606/93, Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME 446, Phanerochaete magnoliae CCBAS 134/I, Pleurotus ostreatus 3004 CCBAS 278, Trametes versicolor 167/93, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus CCBAS 595, Dichomitus squalens CCBAS 750). The results show that under the used conditions the fungi were able to degrade the EDCs within 14d of cultivation with exception of B. adusta and P. chrysosporium in the case of triclosane and bisphenol A, respectively. I. lacteus and P. ostreatus were found to be most efficient EDC degraders with their degradation efficiency exceeding 90% or 80%, respectively, in 7d. Both fungi degraded technical 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol-A, and 17alpha-ethinylestradiol below the detection limit within first 3d of cultivation. In general, estrogenic activities assayed with a recombinant yeast test decreased with advanced degradation. However, in case of I. lacteus, P. ostreatus, and P. chrysosporium the yeast assay showed a residual estrogenic activity (28-85% of initial) in 17alpha-ethinylestradiol cultures. Estrogenic activity in B. adusta cultures temporally increased during degradation of technical 4-nonylphenol, suggesting a production of endocrine-active intermediates. Attention was paid also to the effects of EDCs on the ligninolytic enzyme activities of the different fungi strains to evaluate their possible stimulation or suppression of activities during the biodegradation processes.
The ligninolytic fungus Irpex lacteus was shown as an efficient degrader of oligocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 'polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons') possessing 3-6 aromatic rings in complex liquid media. The strain produced mainly Mn-dependent peroxidase in media without pollutants. Activity of ligninolytic enzymes was higher in a N-limited medium. However, after contamination with PAHs (especially pyrene) the values increased and significant activity of Mn-independent peroxidase appeared in the complex medium. Other factors (such as the increase in nitrogen concentration or the presence of solvent(s) for dissolution of PAHs) had no effect. Cytochrome P-450 was detected in the microsomal fraction of biomass grown in the complex medium. The rate of PAH degradation was also affected by the presence of various combinations of PAHs. However, independently of the enzyme activities, anthracene was shown to have a positive influence on degradation of pyrene and fluoranthene.
