This study aimed to assess the ability of adhesion, detachment, and biofilm formation of the reference strain Staphylococcus aureus CCM 4223 on a stainless steel surface, and the efficacy of three disinfectants: preparation A (based on peracetic acid, 20 mg/l), preparation B (newly developed disinfectant with a combination of two active ingredients, caprylic acid and hydrogen peroxide, 25 mg/l), and preparation C (based on sodium hypochlorite, 200 mg/l) in removing S. aureus cells adhered onto this surface. Cell detachment was around 5 log CFU/cm2 (colony forming units) over the first 6 h and around 6 log CFU/cm2 over 48 h characterizing a high persistence of cells on the tested surface. The number of cells (5–7 log CFU/cm2) needed for biofilm formation was noted already after 6 h of incubation. The decrease in cell counts caused by preparation A was 1.12–2.07 log CFU/cm2 (P < 0.0001), whereas for preparation C and preparation B, the decrease was 1.13–2.08 log CFU/cm2 and 1.61–2.16 log CFU/cm2, respectively (P < 0.0001). Preparation A was found to be the most effective (80.9%) in reducing the adhered cell count in the biofilm matrix. From these results, the assayed S. aureus strain revealed high capacities to adhere and form biofilms on stainless steel surfaces, and the cells in biofilm matrixes were resistant to total removal when exposed to the evaluated disinfectants.
Cieľ: Analýza život ohrozujúcich materských morbidít, ktorých stav si vyžadoval následnú liečbu na jednotkách intenzívnej starostlivosti (JIS) v Slovenskej republike v rokoch 2012–2020. Metodika: Retrospektívna analýza prípadov 655 rodičiek transportovaných na JIS z počtu 436 136 pôrodov. Dôvody transportu boli rozdelené do deviatich kategórií: peripartálne krvácanie, hypertenzné ochorenia, tromboembólia, kardiovaskulárne ochorenia, sepsa/ťažké infekcie, metabolické ochorenia, anestéziologické komplikácie, gastroenterologické problémy a iné. Výsledky: Celková incidencia transportu na jednotky intenzívnej starostlivosti v sledovanom období bola 1,5 na 1 000 pôrodov, ale u rodičiek rómskej národnosti 8,8 na 1 000 pôrodov. Priemerný vek rodičiek bol 30,7 rokov, pričom vo veku nad 35 rokov bolo 29,7 %. Nadhmotnosť a obezitu malo 70,4 % rodičiek. Najčastejšou príčinou transportu na JIS (49,3 %) bolo závažné popôrodné krvácanie. Druhou najčastejšou príčinou (26,0 %) boli hypertenzné ochorenia (preeklampsia, eklampsia a HELLP syndróm). Treťou najčastejšou príčinou (4,9 %) bola sepsa a závažné infekcie matky (pôrodníckej aj nepôrodníckej genézy). Úmrtnosť matiek prijatých na JIS bola 2,3 % a úmrtnosť ich novorodencov 8,7 %. Záver: Incidencia transportu rodičiek na JIS v sledovaných rokoch bola 1,5 na 1 000 pôrodov, čo v medzinárodnom porovnaní radí Slovenskú republiku ku krajinám s nižšou incidenciou.
Objective: Analysis of life-threatening maternal morbidities, the condition of which required subsequent treatment in Intensive Care Units (ICU) in the Slovak Republic in the years 2012–2020. Methodology: Retrospective analysis of 655 identified cases of mothers admitted to the intensive care units out of 436,136 births. The reasons for the transport were divided into nine categories: peripartum bleeding, hypertensive diseases, thromboembolism, cardiovascular diseases, sepsis/severe infections, metabolic diseases, complications of anaesthesiology, gastroenterological problems and others. Results: The total incidence of admission to the intensive care units in the observed period was 1.5 per 1,000 births, but for mothers of Roma nationality it was 8.8 per 1,000 births. The average age of mothers was 30.7 years, while 29.7% were over 35 years old. Overweight and obesity was present by 70.4% of mothers. The most common reason for transport to the ICU (49.3%) was severe postpartum hemorrhage. The second most common cause (26.0%) was hypertensive diseases (preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome). The third most common cause (4.9%) was sepsis and severe maternal infections. The mortality rate of mothers admitted to the ICU was 2.3% and infant mortality of these mothers was 8.7%. Conclusion: The incidence of admission of mothers to the ICU in the monitored years was 1.5 per 1,000 births, which in international comparison ranks Slovakia among countries with a lower incidence.
- Klíčová slova
- závažná akutní mateřská morbidita, transport rodičky na jednotku intenzivní péče,
- MeSH
- epidemiologické studie MeSH
- komplikace porodu * MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřská mortalita MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
- poporodní krvácení MeSH
- puerperální infekce MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- transport pacientů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- chemie MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- toxikologie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
