OBJECTIVES: To analyze selected indicators of alcohol use (lifetime use, initiation of drinking at ≤13 years of age, weekly use, beverage preferences, initiation of drunkenness at ≤13 years of age and lifetime drunkenness) in adolescents in Slovakia from 2006 to 2014. STUDY DESIGN: The Health Behaviour in School Aged Children (HBSC) study is a cross-sectional questionnaire study. METHODS: A standardized uniform questionnaire was used in representative samples of 11-, 13- and 15-year-old adolescents. In Slovakia, the HBSC study was undertaken in 2006 (n = 3972), 2010 (n = 5089) and 2014 (n = 4369). RESULTS: Over the study period, decreases were observed in weekly drinking (from 34.3% to 21.0% in 15-year-old boys and from 22.1% to 11.9% in 15-year-old girls), lifetime drinking and initiation of drinking at ≤13 years of age. In terms of beverage preferences, the reduction in beer consumption was most notable. Approximately one-third of respondents got drunk for the first time at ≤13 years of age, and this remained consistent throughout the study period. CONCLUSIONS: The declining trend in alcohol use among adolescents in Slovakia may reflect a progressive change in the social environment and is attributable, at least in part, to policy improvements such as pricing and stricter legislation and enforcement.
- MeSH
- alkoholické nápoje využití MeSH
- chování spotřebitelů statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- otrava alkoholem epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- pití alkoholu epidemiologie zákonodárství a právo psychologie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- veřejná politika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
The authors reviewed published data dealing with the effectiveness of school programs in tobacco control. Most of the evaluated school programs showed at least partial effect including namely improved knowledge level, decreased prevalence of smoking initiation and continuation. Less successful was achieving of behavioural changes and social resistance. Effect of the school programs can be significantly amplified by combination with other interventions such as mass media campaigns, parent involvement and extracurricular activities. The main problem of the studies in this field is a relatively short follow-up time not allowing considering findings as relevant evidences for long-term effects of school programs. However, even assuming only time limited decrease of prevalence of smoking among intervened students, such temporary effect leads to the decrease of a lifetime cigarette exposure having beneficial health effects. Considering social, demographic and cultural aspects of the epidemiology of smoking habit, evidence based data in this field, relevant for Central and Eastern Countries, are required. Such situation calls for authentic trials and studies respecting specific conditions in these countries.
- MeSH
- kontrola chování MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- primární prevence MeSH
- programy národního zdraví MeSH
- školy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ošetřovatelství v péči o matku a dítě MeSH
- prenatální péče MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
