OBJECTIVES: Submental fullness has been associated with being perceived as unattractive. Technology combining radiofrequency and muscle stimulation offers submental contouring through fat reduction, muscle stimulation, and skin tightening. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of fat reduction aspect with a novel submentum applicator delivering HIFES and synchronized radiofrequency+ (RF+) energies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six white pigs (sus scrofa domesticus, n = 6, 60-80 kg) were recruited for this study, five in the active group (n = 5) received four treatments on the abdominal area, one sow served as a control (n = 1). Ultrasound, histological, and RT-qPCR methods were used as evaluation methods. RESULTS: Fat thickness decreased at 1 month by -17.35% and at 2 month by 31.40%. Proapoptotic caspase-9 gene expression increased (at 1 h, 6 h, 24 h to +43.45%, +21.22%, -8.36%), as well as caspase-3 (+15.28%, +21.77%, -6.71%), while bcl2l1 activity decreased (-11.46% at 1 h, -17.02% at 6 h, -3.9% at 24 h). While the AI in the control animal had minimal change (at 1 h -0.08%, at 6 h -0.09%, and at 24 h -0.025%), the active group's AI increased from the baseline of 9.14 to 44.85 at 1 h (+391%), peaked at 6 h to 53.50 (+485%), and at 24 h to 38.17 (+318%). CONCLUSION: The study results indicate the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous fat reduction following the novel technology combining HIFES and RF+ energies, designed to target small localized areas.
Synthetic derivatives of steroid hormones, specifically anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), have gained prominence due to their observed benefits in enhancing meat quality. The study replicated the administration of banned AAS and investigated their impacts on pigs to contribute to the understanding of animal biochemistry and to explore the feasibility of detecting AAS administration by employing a non-targeted analysis. The effects were corroborated by evaluating changes in the expression of selected proteins, as well as examining haematological and biochemical profiles and histological alterations. Exposure to AAS influenced the expression of proteins related to drug-metabolizing enzymes, muscle and lipid metabolism, kidney function, reproductive processes, immune system functions, and carcinogenic changes. The effects of AAS appear intricate and contingent on factors such as the specific drug used, dosage, and duration of administration. The results underscore that protein expression analysis holds promise as a valuable tool for detecting illicit AAS use in the fattening process.
- MeSH
- anabolické androgenní steroidy * toxicita MeSH
- nandrolon * toxicita MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- testosteron MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: The quality of one's facial appearance diminishes with aging as skin and underlying soft tissues deteriorate. Connective tissue and musculofascial degeneration leads to skin laxity and wrinkles developing. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of synchronized radiofrequency with high intensity facial stimulation technology on dermal collagen and elastin fibers in a porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight sows were divided into Active (N = 6) and Control (N = 2) groups. Synchronized radiofrequency and high intensity facial stimulation were delivered to the ventrolateral abdomen. The Active group received four 20-minute treatments, once a week. Control group was untreated. Skin biopsy sample were histologically analyzed for connective tissue changes pre- and post-treatment. Data were analyzed statistically (α = 0.05). RESULTS: In the Active group: the collagen-occupied area at baseline was 1.12 ± 0.09 × 106 μm 2 and increased by +19.6% ( p < .001) at 1-month and by +26.3% ( p < .001) 2 months post-treatment; elastin-occupied area at baseline was 0.11 ± 0.03 × 106 μm 2 and increased by +75.9% ( p < .001) at 1-month and +110.8% ( p < .001) at 2-months follow-up. No significant changes ( p > .05) found in the Control samples. CONCLUSION: Collagen and elastin fiber content increased significantly after treatments. Connective tissue in the treatment area was denser up to 2-months post-treatment.
- MeSH
- elastin MeSH
- kolagen MeSH
- kůže MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- obličejové svaly * MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- stárnutí kůže * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Proper histological evaluation of lung tissue and accurate antigen detection by immunodetection techniques require histological tissue processing to preserve tissue reactivity and open alveolar spaces. In this study, we focused on testing and comparing different procedures of tissue cryopreservation. Sucrose or Tissue Tek were used with several methods of freezing samples by supercooled liquids and liquid nitrogen. Changes in tissue caused during the freezing of samples and the effect of cryoprotectants on the tissue were recorded. Rat and porcine pulmonary tissues were used in this experiment. This study aimed to optimize the process of lung cryopreservation with emphasis on enabling proper anatomical evaluation and preserving a high tissue immunoreactivity. The best results were obtained by inflating pulmonary parenchyma with a 1 : 1 mixture of O.C.T. with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) frozen in supercooled n-heptane placed on dry ice. Pulmonary tissue prepared in this way enables to perform proper histological evaluation and to detect target molecules by immunohistochemical analysis.
Respiratory infections are a real threat for humans, and therefore the pig model is of interest for studies. As one of a case for studies, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) caused infections and still worries many pig breeders around the world. To better understand the influence of pathogenic effect of APP on a respiratory system-lungs and tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN), we aimed to employ matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-TOF MSI). In this study, six pigs were intranasally infected by APP and two were used as non-infected control, and 48 cryosections have been obtained. MALDI-TOF MSI and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to study spatial distribution of infectious markers, especially interleukins, in cryosections of porcine tissues of lungs (necrotic area, marginal zone) and tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN) from pigs infected by APP. CD163, interleukin 1β (IL‑1β) and a protegrin-4 precursor were successfully detected based on their tryptic fragments. CD163 and IL‑1β were confirmed also by IHC. The protegrin-4 precursor was identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF directly on the tissue cryosections. CD163, IL‑1β and protegrin‑4 precursor were all significantly (p < 0.001) more expressed in necrotic areas of lungs infected by APP than in marginal zone, TBLN and in control lungs.
- MeSH
- Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae patogenita MeSH
- antigeny diferenciační myelomonocytární metabolismus MeSH
- biologické markery metabolismus MeSH
- bronchy metabolismus MeSH
- CD antigeny metabolismus MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Actinobacillus metabolismus mikrobiologie MeSH
- infekce dýchací soustavy metabolismus mikrobiologie MeSH
- interleukin-1beta metabolismus MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy metabolismus MeSH
- lymfatické uzliny metabolismus MeSH
- plíce metabolismus MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- receptory buněčného povrchu metabolismus MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
