Successful engraftment of skin grafts highly depends on the quality of the wound bed. Good quality of blood vessels near the surface is critical to support the viability of the graft. Ischemic, irradiated scar tissue, bone and tendons will not have the sufficient blood supply. In such situations flaps are to be resorted. However, the flaps also need to have good vascularity over the limbs. The introduction of dermal substitutes has provided a novel method for repairing various severe skin defects. These substitutes act as dermal regenerative templates, which facilitate dermal reconstruction and regeneration. This study was done to ascertain the effectiveness of these substitutes in the treatment of complex wounds. Between January 2022 and June 2023, 20 patients who had complex wounds, which could not be treated with simple skin grafting and who were treated with collagen and elastin matrix and split skin grafting (SSG) were retrospectively studied. The percentage of SSG take as per the records was noted at a 10-day post-operative period. Patient characteristics, comorbidities, duration and outcomes of the treatment were noted. Twenty patients were included in the study. The minimum size of the ulcer was 5 × 4 cm (area of 20 cm2) and the maximum size of the ulcer was 15 × 15 cm (225 cm2). Average take of skin graft was 93.7% at 10th post-operative day. Recurrence at 6 months was nil. The scar quality was assessed by patient and observer at 3 months and 6 months post-operatively. The lower-limb ulcers with compromised surrounding tissue are complex. The major goal in these cases is to do simple surgery and prevent recurrence. The collagen and elastin matrices provide structural support for cellular infiltration, which helps maximize a SSG take and a stable long-term scar.
- MeSH
- bércové vředy patologie terapie MeSH
- elastin terapeutické užití MeSH
- kolagen terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění dolní končetiny * patologie terapie MeSH
- průzkumy zdravotní péče metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- transplantace kůže * metody MeSH
- vředy dolních končetin patologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
Various studies have correlated the mechanical properties of the aortic wall with its biochemical parameters and inner structure. Very few studies have addressed correlations with the cohesive properties, which are crucial for understanding fracture phenomena such as aortic dissection, i.e. a life-threatening process. Aimed at filling this gap, we conducted a comprehensive biochemical and histological analysis of human aortas (the ascending and descending thoracic and infrarenal abdominal aorta) from 34 cadavers obtained post-mortem during regular autopsies. The pentosidine, hydroxyproline and calcium contents, calcium/phosphorus molar ratio, degree of atherosclerosis, area fraction of elastin, collagen type I and III, alpha smooth muscle actin, vasa vasorum, vasa vasorum density, aortic wall thickness, thicknesses of the adventitia, media and intima were determined and correlated with the delamination forces in the longitudinal and circumferential directions of the vessel as determined from identical cadavers. The majority of the parameters determined did not indicate significant correlation with age, except for the calcium content and collagen maturation (enzymatic crosslinking). The main results concern differences between enzymatic and non-enzymatic crosslinking and those caused by the presence of atherosclerosis. The enzymatic crosslinking of collagen increased with age and was accompanied by a decrease in the delamination strength, while non-enzymatic crosslinking tended to decrease with age and was accompanied by an increase in the delamination strength. As the rate of calcification increased, the presence of atherosclerosis led to the formation of calcium phosphate plaques with higher solubility than the tissue without or with only mild signs of atherosclerosis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study presents a detailed biochemical and histological analysis of human aortic samples (ascending thoracic aorta, descending thoracic aorta and infrarenal abdominal aorta) taken from 34 cadavers. The contribution of this scientific study lies in the detailed biochemical comparison of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic glycosylation-derived crosslinks of vascular tissues and their influence on the delamination strength of the human aorta since, to the best of our knowledge, no such comprehensive studies exist in the literature. A further benefit concerns the notification of the limitations of the various analytical methods applied; an important factor that must be taken into account in such studies.
- MeSH
- aktiny metabolismus MeSH
- aorta * metabolismus MeSH
- arginin analogy a deriváty MeSH
- ateroskleróza metabolismus patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elastin metabolismus MeSH
- hydroxyprolin metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lysin analogy a deriváty metabolismus MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí * fyziologie MeSH
- vápník metabolismus MeSH
- vasa vasorum metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Elastin, a key structural protein essential for the elasticity of the skin and elastogenic tissues, degrades with age. Replenishing elastin holds promise for anti-aging cosmetics and the supplementation of elastic activities of the cardiovascular system. We employed RiboScreenTM, a technology for identifying molecules that enhance the production of specific proteins, to target the production of tropoelastin. We make use of RiboScreenTM in two crucial steps: first, to pinpoint a target ribosomal protein (TRP), which acts as a switch to increase the production of the protein of interest (POI), and second, to identify small molecules that activate this ribosomal protein switch. Using RiboScreenTM, we identified ribosomal protein L40, henceforth eL40, as a TRP switch to boost tropoelastin production. Drug discovery identified a small-molecule hit that binds to eL40. In-cell treatment demonstrated activity of the eL40 ligand and delivered increased tropoelastin production levels in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, we demonstrate that RiboScreenTM can successfully identify a small-molecule hit capable of selectively enhancing tropoelastin production. This compound has the potential to be developed for topical or systemic applications to promote skin rejuvenation and to supplement elastic functionality within the cardiovascular system.
BACKGROUND: The quality of one's facial appearance diminishes with aging as skin and underlying soft tissues deteriorate. Connective tissue and musculofascial degeneration leads to skin laxity and wrinkles developing. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of synchronized radiofrequency with high intensity facial stimulation technology on dermal collagen and elastin fibers in a porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight sows were divided into Active (N = 6) and Control (N = 2) groups. Synchronized radiofrequency and high intensity facial stimulation were delivered to the ventrolateral abdomen. The Active group received four 20-minute treatments, once a week. Control group was untreated. Skin biopsy sample were histologically analyzed for connective tissue changes pre- and post-treatment. Data were analyzed statistically (α = 0.05). RESULTS: In the Active group: the collagen-occupied area at baseline was 1.12 ± 0.09 × 106 μm 2 and increased by +19.6% ( p < .001) at 1-month and by +26.3% ( p < .001) 2 months post-treatment; elastin-occupied area at baseline was 0.11 ± 0.03 × 106 μm 2 and increased by +75.9% ( p < .001) at 1-month and +110.8% ( p < .001) at 2-months follow-up. No significant changes ( p > .05) found in the Control samples. CONCLUSION: Collagen and elastin fiber content increased significantly after treatments. Connective tissue in the treatment area was denser up to 2-months post-treatment.
- MeSH
- elastin MeSH
- kolagen MeSH
- kůže MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- obličejové svaly * MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- stárnutí kůže * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This investigation studied the effect of concentrated growth factor and nanofat on aging skin of nude mice induced by D-galactose. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: 5 mice in the control group were fed normally without any intervention, 9 mice were treated with concentrated growth factor (CGF), 9 mice were treated with nanofat (NF), 9 mice were treated with CGF+NF, and 9 mice in the model group (no treatment after subcutaneous injection of D-galactose). Relevant indicators are measured and recorded. In skin and serum, SOD and GSH content in the model group were significantly lower than those in other groups (P<0.05), and the MDA of the three treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of total collagen, type I collagen and type III collagen in the NF group and model group were decreased in different degrees (P<0.05); the contents of elastin and elastic fiber in the skin of nude mice in the model group and NF group were significantly decreased. Compared with the model group, he number of CD31 and VEGF in the treatment group was significantly increased (P<0.01); the skin AGE content of three treatment groups was significantly lower (P<0.05). These findings suggest that concentrated growth factor and nanofat may have a significant effect on delaying aging skin induced by D-galactose in nude mice.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD31 metabolismus MeSH
- elastin metabolismus MeSH
- galaktosa farmakologie MeSH
- glutathion metabolismus MeSH
- kolagen metabolismus MeSH
- mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny farmakologie MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši nahé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- stárnutí kůže účinky léků MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa metabolismus MeSH
- tuková tkáň transplantace MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Structural changes in collagen and elastin fiber density have been previously evaluated by qualitative histological studies; however, quantitative evaluations are lacking. AIM: To evaluate quantitative changes in collagen and elastin fibers in the vaginal wall in a porcine model after volumetric radiofrequency heating with an intravaginal applicator. METHODS: An animal model was used (domestic pig, multipara: 5.67 ± 0.94 deliveries, 3 years of age). Three pigs under general anesthesia were treated (8-minute, vaginal canal area) once per week for the course of three weeks. There were 2 follow-up evaluations at one and four weeks. Histology specimens were obtained via punch biopsy under ultrasound control. Ultrasound video measurements of the vaginal wall thickness were also obtained. Tissue samples were stained by H&E as well as stains for collagen and elastin fibers. RESULTS: Elastin (P < .001) and collagen (P < .01) fiber density increased after every treatment. The measured increase in fibers was highest at the one-week follow-up. Elastin accounted on average for 51.46 ± 16.86% of the tissue examined (increase of 36.8% points), while collagen accounted on average for 44.83 ± 18.92% (increase of 17.1% points). The number of synthetically active cells was increased by 16%. While vaginal wall thickness did show an increase of 1.66 mm (32%), this tendency was not statistically significant (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that volumetric heating of vaginal tissue produced quantitative improvement in the connective tissue organization in a porcine study. Neocollagenesis and neoelastogenesis were observed with an increased number of synthetically active cells.
- MeSH
- elastin analýza biosyntéza MeSH
- kolagen analýza biosyntéza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- pojivová tkáň patologie účinky záření MeSH
- radiofrekvenční terapie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- Sus scrofa MeSH
- vagina patologie účinky záření MeSH
- vaginální onemocnění patologie terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky veterinární MeSH
Klasický přístup k uzávěru hlubokého defektu v oblasti měkkých tkání za pomocí autologní-ho dermo-epidermálního štěpu představuje dnes na řadě pracovišť stále jedinou možnost v komplex-ním řešení přístupu k této problematice. Přestože se jedná o poměrně jednoduchý a rychlý výkon, absence dermis vytváří prostor pro chaotickou činnost fibroblastů s následným nekoordinovaným ukládáním kolagenních fibril. Takto se tvoří patologické typy jizev, které mají vliv na neuspokojivý funkční a estetický výsledek. Snaha o zvýšení kvality života po prodělaném traumatu vedla k zavedení do relativně běžné klinické praxe celé řady dermálních náhrad. V přehledovém článku je diskutováno použití dermální náhrady Matriderm® s demonstrací klinických aplikací.
The classic strategy to deep dermal skin defect closing with an autologous dermo-epi-dermal graft is still the only one option in a comprehensive solution to this problem in many sites today. Despite the fact that it is a relatively simple and fast procedure, the absence of dermis creates chance for chaotic activity of fibroblasts with subsequent uncoordinated deposition of collagen fibrils. In this way, pathological types of scars are formed, which affect the unsatisfactory functional and aesthetic result. Efforts to improve the quality of life after skin trauma have introduced a number of dermal substitutes into relatively common clinical practice. The review article discusses the use of the Matriderm® dermal substitute with a demonstration of clinical applications.
- Klíčová slova
- dermoepidermální štěp,
- MeSH
- elastin terapeutické užití MeSH
- klinické rozhodování MeSH
- kolagen terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- popálení terapie MeSH
- poranění měkkých tkání * terapie MeSH
- transplantace kůže * klasifikace metody MeSH
- transplantáty klasifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Úvod. Výsledná kvalita jizevnaté tkáně hraje důležitou roli v návratu pacientů do normálního života a společnosti. Používání umělých kožních náhrad v klinické praxi zlepšuje funkční i kosmetické výsledky nejen u popálených pacientů. Materiál a metody. Kolagen-elastinová dermální náhrada Matriderm® umožňuje okamžitou aplikaci spolu s kožním štěpem. Autoři prezentují na souboru 10 pacientů první zkušenosti s použitím dermální náhrady Matridem® v léčbě kožních ztrát různé etiologie. Výsledky. Průměrná doba hojení v soboru byla 19,6 dne, hojení probíhalo bez závažných infekčních komplikací s dobrým kosmetickým a funkčním výsledkem. Závěr. Matriderm® představuje alternativní variantu dosud nejčastěji používané dermální náhrady Integra® v léčbě akutních kožních ztrát různé etiologie i v rekonstrukční chirurgii.
Introduction. The quality of resulting scar tissue plays an important role in patients' return to normal life and full functioning in society. The use of artificial skin substitutes in clinical practice improves functional and cosmetic outcomes. This is true for any patient, and not only those suffering from burns. Material and methods. The collagen elastin dermal substitute Matriderm® allows for immediate application of a dermal substitute together with a skin graft. The authors present a group of 10 patients representing their first experience in utilizing Matriderm® as a dermal substitute in the treatment of skin losses due to various etiologies. Results. The average healing time in the group was 19.6 days. Healing took place without serious infectious complications and with good functional results. Conclusion. Matriderm® can be utilized as an alternative to the most commonly used dermal substitute so far, Integra® , in the treatment of acute skin loss due to various etiologies and in reconstructive surgery.
- Klíčová slova
- Matriderm,
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- elastin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- kolagen aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- transplantace kůže metody MeSH
- umělá kůže * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The mechanical properties and microstructure of the perineal body are important for the improvement of numerical models of pelvic organs. We determined the mechanical parameters and volume fractions of the ewe perineal body as an animal model. METHODS: The 39 specimens of 13 pregnant swifter ewes delivering by cesarean section (aged 2 years, weight 61.2 ± 6.2 kg (mean ± standard deviation) and 24 specimens of 8 postmenopausal swifter ewes 150 days after surgical ovariectomy (aged 7 years, 58.6 ± 4.6 kg)) were loaded uniaxially to determine Young's moduli of elasticity in the small (E0) and large (E1) deformation regions, and ultimate stresses and strains. The 63 adjacent tissue samples were processed histologically to assess volume fractions of smooth and skeletal muscle, adipose cells, elastin, and type I collagen using a stereological point testing grid. We compared the structural and mechanical differences along the ewe perineal body, and between pregnant and postmenopausal groups. RESULTS: The pregnant/postmenopausal perineal body was composed of smooth muscle (12/14%; median), skeletal muscle (12/16%), collagen (10/23%), elastin (8/7%), and adipose cells (6/6%). The E0 was 37/11 kPa (median), E1 was 0.97/1.04 MPa, ultimate stress was 0.55/0.59 MPa, and ultimate strain was 0.90/0.87 for pregnant/postmenopausal perineal body. The perineal body showed a structural and mechanical stability across the sites. The pregnant ewes had a higher amount of skeletal muscle, higher E0, and a less amount of collagen when compared with postmenopausal ewes. CONCLUSIONS: The data can be used as input for models simulating vaginal delivery, pelvic floor prolapsed, or dysfunction.
- MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- elastin analýza MeSH
- hladké svalstvo anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- kolagen analýza MeSH
- kosterní svaly anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- perineum anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- postmenopauza MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- tukové buňky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The perineal body connects muscles from the pelvic floor and is critical for support of the lower part of the vagina and proper function of the anal canal. We determined mechanical parameters and volume fractions of main components of the human female postmenopausal perineal body. METHODS: The specimens were taken from 15 fresh female cadavers (age 74 ± 10, mean ± standard deviation). Seventy-five specimens from five regions of the perineal body were processed histologically to assess volume fractions of tissue components using stereological point testing grid. Fifteen specimens taken from the midline region were loaded uniaxially with 6 mm/min velocity until tissue rupture to determine Young's modulus of elasticity, ultimate stresses, and strains. RESULTS: The perineal body was composed of collagen (29%), adipose cells (27%), elastin (7%), smooth muscle (11%), and skeletal muscle (3%). The residual tissue (19%) constituted mostly peripheral nerves, lumina of blood vessels, fibroblasts, and fibrocytes. Young's modulus of elasticity at midline region was 18 kPa (median) at small and 232 kPa at large deformations, respectively. The ultimate stress was 172 kPa and the ultimate strain was 1.4. CONCLUSIONS: We determined the structural and mechanical parameters of the perineal body. The resultant data could be used as input for models simulating pelvic floor prolapse or dysfunction.
- MeSH
- anální kanál MeSH
- biomechanika fyziologie MeSH
- elastin analýza MeSH
- hladké svalstvo anatomie a histologie MeSH
- kolagen analýza MeSH
- kosterní svaly anatomie a histologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mrtvola MeSH
- pánevní dno anatomie a histologie fyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- perineum anatomie a histologie fyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- postmenopauza fyziologie MeSH
- prolaps pánevních orgánů patofyziologie MeSH
- pružnost fyziologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tuková tkáň anatomie a histologie MeSH
- vagina MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
