INTRODUCTION: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is the primary treatment modality for patients with chronic intestinal failure, one of the least common organ failures. This article provides a retrospective analysis of the data collected on HPN patients in the Czech Republic over the past 30 years. METHODS: National registry data were collected using a standardised online form based on the OASIS registry (Oley - A.S.P.E.N. Information System) across all centres providing HPN in the Czech Republic. Data collected prospectively from adult patients in the HPN program were analysed in the following categories: epidemiology, demographics, underlying syndrome, diagnosis, complications, and teduglutide therapy prevalence. RESULTS: The registry identified a total of 1,838 adult patient records, reflecting almost 1.5 million individual catheter days. The prevalence of HPN has risen considerably over the last few decades, currently reaching 5.5 per 100,000 population. The majority of patients have short bowel syndrome and GI obstruction, with cancer being the most prevalent underlying disease. Catheter-related bloodstream infections have been the most prevalent acute complication. However, the incidence in 2022 was only 0.15 per 1,000 catheter days. The study also observed an increase in the prevalence of patients on palliative HPN over the last decade. CONCLUSION: This study presents a thorough analysis of data from the Czech REgistr Domaci NUtricni Podpory (REDNUP) registry. It shows an increasing prevalence of HPN, namely, in the palliative patient group. The sharing of national data can improve understanding of this rare condition and facilitate the development of international guidelines.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- katétrové infekce epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- parenterální výživa doma * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- peptidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- registrace * MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- selhání střeva terapie epidemiologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndrom krátkého střeva terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
BACKGROUND: COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, was shown to be associated with an increased risk of new-onset diabetes. Mechanisms contributing to the development of hyperglycemia are still unclear. We aimed to study whether hyperglycemia is related to insulin resistance and/or beta cell dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Survivors of severe COVID-19 but without a known history of diabetes were examined at baseline (T0) and after 3 (T3) and 6 (T6) months: corticosteroids use, indirect calorimetry, and OGTT. Insulin response and sensitivity (IS) were expressed as insulinogenic (IGI), disposition (DI), and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) was calculated from the gas exchange and nitrogen losses. RESULTS: 26 patients (out of 37) with complete outcome data were included in the analysis (age ~59.0 years; BMI ~ 30.4, 35% women). Patients were hypermetabolic at T0 (30.3 ± 4.0 kcal/kg lean mass/day, ~120% predicted) but REE declined over 6 months (ΔT6-T0 mean dif. T6-T0 (95% CI): -5.4 (-6.8, -4.1) kcal/kg FFM/day, p < 0.0001). 17 patients at T0 and 13 patients at T6 had hyperglycemia. None of the patients had positive islet autoantibodies. Insulin sensitivity in T0 was similarly low in hyperglycemic (H) and normoglycemic patients (N) (T0 ISIH = 3.12 ± 1.23, ISIN = 3.47 ± 1.78, p = 0.44), whereas insulin response was lower in the H group (DIH = 3.05 ± 1.79 vs DIN = 8.40 ± 5.42, p = 0.003). Over 6 months ISI (ΔT6-T0 mean dif. T6-T0 for ISI (95% CI): 1.84 (0.45, 3.24), p = 0.01)) increased in the H group only. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with severe COVID-19 had increased REE and insulin resistance during the acute phase due to the infection and corticosteroid use, but these effects do not persist during the follow-up period. Only patients with insufficient insulin response developed hyperglycemia, indicating that beta cell dysfunction, rather than insulin resistance, was responsible for its occurrence.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * komplikace MeSH
- hyperglykemie * MeSH
- inzulin MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence * fyziologie MeSH
- krevní glukóza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Domácí parenterální výživa je standartní léčebnou modalitou umožňující přežívání pacientů s chronickým střevním selháním, kdy gastrointestinální trakt není schopen zajistit dostatečnou resorpci nutrientů a tekutin. Jedná se o vzácné onemocnění, které má v České republice roční prevalenci 5,92 a incidenci 1,5 na 100 000 obyvatel. Tím se řadí mezi skupinu tzv. vzácných onemocnění. Program domácí parenterální výživy byl v ČR zahájen na počátku 90. let 20. století a počty pacientů, kterým je poskytována tato forma nutriční podpory, se zvyšují. Jednání s plátci zdravotní péče o úhradách za domácí parenterální výživu, stejně tak jako potřeba formulace doporučených postupů této nutriční intervence v našich podmínkách vyžaduje sběr pacientských dat. Registr domácí nutriční podpory (REDNUP) byl založen v roce 1993 Společností klinické výživy a intenzivní metabolické péče (SKVIMP) za účelem shromažďování dat o dospělých a dětských pacientech na domácí parenterální výživě.
Home parenteral nutrition is the standard treatment modality necessary for survival of patients with chronic intestinal failure when the gastrointestinal tract is unable to provide adequate resorption of nutrients and fluids. It is a rare disease with an annual prevalence of 5.92 and an incidence of 1.5 per 100 000 inhabitants in the Czech Republic. This epidemiological evidence places it in the group of so-called orphan diseases. The home parenteral nutrition programme in the Czech Republic was initiated in the early 1990s and the number of patients accessing this nutritional support is increasing. The data collection on patients using this treatment modality is needed for negotiations with health insurance companies regarding the reimbursement of health care as well as for guideline development in the field of home parenteral nutrition. The Registry of Home Nutritional Support (REDNUP) was established in 1993 by the Society of Clinical Nutrition and Intensive Metabolic Care (SKVIMP) to collect and analyse data on adult and paediatric patients on home parenteral nutrition.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
BACKGROUND: Thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) has been proposed to improve and facilitate early postoperative outcome in cardiac surgery. The aim of our study was to analyze early postoperative outcome data of patients undergoing cardiac surgery under general anesthesia (GA) with comparison to patients receiving combined TEA and GA. METHODS: Medical records data from 288 patients who underwent elective on-pump cardiac surgery were retrieved and analyzed. Patients were divided into two study groups according to the type of anesthesia used: GA group (n = 141) and TEA group (n = 147). Early postoperative outcome data including quality of analgesia and major organ outcome parameters were compared between the study groups. RESULTS: There was no major difference in early postoperative outcome data between the study groups, except for shorter time to extubation (6.0 ± 10.0 vs. 6.9 ± 8.8 h, respectively, P < 0.05) and hospital stay (10.7 ± 5.9 vs. 12.9 ± 8.8 days, respectively, P < 0.05) in TEA group compared to GA group. Also TEA group as compared to GA group had lower pain numeric rating scale scores (1 ± 1.1 vs. 1.4 ± 1.5 at 24 h, respectively, P < 0.05) and morphine requirements during the first 24 h after surgery (148.2 vs. 193 ± 85.4 μg/kg, respectively, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both anesthetic methods were equivalent in most postoperative outcome measures. Thoracic epidural analgesia provided superior pain relief, shorter time to extubation and earlier hospital discharge.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
