Mycobacteriosis in fish is a chronic progressive ubiquitous disease caused by Mycobacterium marinum, M. gordonae and M. fortuitum in most cases. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology and distribution of lesions in 322 freshwater ornamental fish across 36 species. Granulomatous inflammation was diagnosed by gross examination and histopathology testing in 188 fish (58.4%); acid-fast rods (AFR) were determined in only 96 (51.1%) fish from 19 species after Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The most often affected organs with AFR were the kidney (81.2%), digestive tract (54.1%), liver (48.2%), spleen (45.9%) and skin (21.2%); sporadically, AFR were found in the branchiae (9.4%) and gonads (4.7%). In 14 randomly selected fish originating from four different fish tanks, the distribution of mycobacterial infection was studied by culture examination of the skin, gills, muscle tissue, digestive tract, liver, spleen and kidney. In 12 fish, the species M. marinum, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, M. triviale, and M. avium subsp. hominissuis (serotypes 6 and 8 and genotype IS901- and IS1245+) were detected; mixed infection caused by different mycobacterial species was documented in five of them.
- MeSH
- Mycobacterium izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- mykobakteriózy mikrobiologie patologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- zánět MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Some mycobacterial species (particularly Mycobacterium marinum) found in aquarium environments may cause chronic diseases in fish and cutaneous infections in humans, the so-called 'fish tank granuloma'. The presence and distribution of mycobacterial species in clinically healthy aquarium fish and their environment has not been adequately explored. The present study analysed the occurrence of mycobacteria in a decorative aquarium (Brno, South Moravia) and in five aquaria of a professional fish breeder (Bohumin, North Moravia). After Ziehl-Neelsen staining, acid-fast rods (AFR) were observed in six (14.3%) and mycobacteria were detected by culture in 18 (42.9%) of 42 tissue samples from 19 fish. Sixty-five samples of the aqueous environment from all six aquaria were examined; AFR were found in 16 (24.6%) and mycobacteria were detected by culture in 49 (75.4%) samples. Forty-one (70.7%) of 58 selected mycobacterial isolates were identified biochemically as follows: M. fortuitum, M. flavescens, M. chelonae, M. gordonae, M. terrae, M. triviale, M. diernhoferi, M. celatum, M. kansasii and M. intracellulare. The clinically important species for humans and fish, M. marinum, was not detected. Mycobacterium kansasii was isolated from one sample of the aquarium environment from North Moravia, which is a region of the Czech Republic with endemic incidence of M. kansasii in water. The incidence of other conditionally pathogenic mycobacterial species in healthy fish and in all investigated constituents of the aquarium environment including snails and crustaceans used for fish feeding, was quite high. Accordingly, mycobacterial species from aquarium environments may serve as a possible source of infection for both aquarium fish and immunodeficient fish handlers.
- MeSH
- atypické mykobakteriální infekce epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- nemoci ryb epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- netuberkulózní mykobakterie izolace a purifikace klasifikace MeSH
- rybářství MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- životní prostředí MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
From Mycobacterium avium species Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (n=961), Mycobacterium a. avium (n=677), Mycobacterium a. silvaticum (n=5), and Mycobacterium a. hominissuis (n=1566) were examined, and from Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex M. tuberculosis (n=2), Mycobacterium bovis (n=13), M. bovis BCG (n=4), and Mycobacterium caprae (n=10) were examined. From other mycobacterial species Mycobacterium intracellulare (n=60) and atypical mycobacteria (n=256) including Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, Mycobacterium gastri and other species of conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria were analysed. The internal standard molecules corresponding to insertion sequences IS900, IS901, IS1245, and flanking region (FR300) of IS901 were produced by PCR of alfalfa genome segment and inserted into plasmid vector. The resulting recombinant plasmid molecules were used as internal standards in coamplification with a total of 4729 mycobacterial collection strains and field isolates between 1996 and 2003. The size differences between amplicons obtained from IS900 (258 bp), IS901 (1108 bp), IS1245 (427 bp), and FR300 (300 bp) and from corresponding internal standard molecules ISIS900 (591 bp), ISIS901 (1 336 bp), ISIS1245 (583 bp), and IS901 flanking region of 300 bp ISFR300 (488 bp), respectively, allowed easy discrimination. The internal amplicons were visible by naked aye on agarose gel when 10(1), 10(3), 10(2), and 10(2) molecules for ISIS900, ISIS901, ISIS1245, and ISFR300 were used in the PCR, respectively, when no bacterial DNA was added to the reaction. The system was tested to define the amount of internal standards that could be used in the PCR without affecting the amplification of the specific segment. Non-specific amplifications were observed in M. fortuitum with IS1245 PCR and mixed infections with M. a. avium and M. a. hominissuis from pigs and cattle were found. PCR results of typing were compared with serotyping and Accu-Probes analyses in selected field isolates.
- MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika chemie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- Mycobacterium genetika izolace a purifikace klasifikace MeSH
- mykobakteriózy diagnóza mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci prasat diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci skotu diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody veterinární MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- referenční standardy MeSH
- sérotypizace MeSH
- skot MeSH
- transpozibilní elementy DNA genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis patogenita MeSH
- přenos infekční nemoci veterinární MeSH
- psi MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- psi MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- intracelulární infekce bakterií Mycobacterium avium veterinární MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium komplex izolace a purifikace MeSH
- nemoci prasat etiologie MeSH
- podlahy a podlahové krytiny MeSH
- tuberkulóza lymfatických uzlin veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
