Poruchy spánku predstavujú častú komorbiditu u pacientov s cievnou mozgovou príhodou (CMP). Vzájomné vzťahy medzi poruchami spánku a CMP sú komplexné a obojsmerné. Poruchy spánku môžu jednak predstavovať rizikový faktor vzniku CMP, na druhej strane môže lézia centrálneho nervového systému navodiť narušenie spánku. Spánkové poruchy a ich liečba môžu vo výraznej miere modifikovať proces rekonvalescencie pacienta a ovplyvňovať aj riziko recidívy CMP. V nasledujúcom texte približujeme uvedenú problematiku. Pozornosť venujeme nielen detailne preskúmanému spánkovému apnoe, ale objasňujeme aj úlohu porúch hybnosti viazaných na spánok a insomnie. Interakcie CMP s hypersomniami, poruchami cirkadiánnej rytmicity a parasomniami budú musieť detailnejšie odhaliť až budúce prospektívne štúdie.
Sleep disorders represent a common comorbidity in patients with stroke. Their relationships are complex and bidirectional. Sleep disorders can act as a risk factor for the development of stroke. On the other hand, lesions in the central nervous system can lead to sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders and their treatment can significantly modify the recovery process of the patient and also affect the risk of stroke recurrence. In the following text, we present the mentioned topic. We focus not only on the well-studied sleep apnea but also explain the role of sleep-related movement disorders and insomnia. The interactions of stroke with hypersomnias, circadian rhythm disorders, and parasomnias will need to be more thoroughly investigated by future prospective studies.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * diagnóza etiologie klasifikace prevence a kontrola MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy cirkadiánního rytmu (spánek) diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- poruchy spánku a bdění * diagnóza etiologie klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- poruchy spánku z vnitřních příčin diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- syndromy spánkové apnoe diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Wake-up stroke (WUS) is a certain type of ischemic stroke in which a patient wakes up with a new neurological deficit due to cerebral ischemia. Sleep-disordered breathing is an independent risk factor for stroke, but the role of nocturnal oxygen desaturation in the pathophysiology of WUS is still insufficiently explored. According to several studies, patients with WUS have a significantly more severe sleep apnea syndrome and lower mean blood oxygen saturation. This study aimed to assess the severity of nocturnal desaturations in acute WUS and non-WUS patients using nocturnal pulse oximetry. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cohort of 225 consecutive patients with neuroimaging-verified acute cerebral ischemia was prospectively enrolled. For further analyses, 213 subjects with known WUS/non-WUS status were selected (111 males and 102 females, average age 70.4 ±12.9, median baseline NIHSS = 5, median baseline mRS = 3). Patients were divided into the WUS group (n = 45) and the non-WUS group (n = 168). Overnight pulse oximetry was performed within 7 days of the stroke onset and data of both of the studied groups were compared. RESULTS: We found oxygen desaturation index (ODI) in the WUS group was 14.5 vs. 16.6 (p = 0.728) in the non-WUS group, basal O2 saturation was 92.2% vs. 92.5% (p = 0.475), average low O2 saturation was 90.3% vs. 89.6% (p = 0.375), minimal O2 saturation was 79.5% vs. 80.6% (p = 0.563), and time with O2 saturation <90% (T90) was 4.4% vs. 4.7% (p = 0.729). CONCLUSIONS: In the studied sample, monitored respiratory parameters including ODI, basal O2 saturation, average low O2 saturation, minimal O2 saturation, and T90 did not significantly differ between groups of WUS and non-WUS patients.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) activates several pathophysiological mechanisms which can lead to the development of vascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an initial step in the development of atherosclerosis. The association between ED and OSA has been described in several studies, even in previously healthy subjects. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) were generally considered to be atheroprotective, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to be an atherogenic component of lipoproteins. However, recent findings suggest a pro-atherogenic role of small HDL subfractions (8-10) and LDL subfractions (3-7). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between endothelial function and lipid subfractions in previously healthy OSA subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 205 subjects with sleep monitoring. Plasma levels of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and their subfractions were assessed. Endothelial function was determined using peripheral arterial tonometry, and reperfusion hyperemia index (RHI) was assessed. RESULTS: Plasma levels of small and intermediate HDL subfractions have statistically significant pro-atherogenic correlations with endothelial function (p = 0.015 and p = 0.019). In other lipoprotein levels, no other significant correlation was found with RHI. In stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, small HDL (beta = -0.507, p = 0.032) was the only significant contributor in the model predicting RHI. CONCLUSIONS: In our studied sample, a pro-atherogenic role of small HDL subfractions in previously healthy subjects with moderate-to-severe OSA was proven.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
