Molecular typing and resistotyping coupled with gyrA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of 60 Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) isolates originated from poultry, food, and humans in Serbia is described. Molecular fingerprinting was performed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using four primers, and the diversity index (D) was 0.688. In combination with resistotyping and gyrA SNP, D increased to 0.828. A total of 23 genetic groups were obtained. When four RAPD primers were combined, epidemic isolates from a fast-food restaurant outbreak were clustered in a distinctive genetic group. Among 60 SE strains, three had multiple resistances to three or more antibiotics. Nine strains were resistant to nalidixic acid (NAL; a non-fluorinated quinolone). The mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) found in NAL-resistant strains were attributed to Asp(87) → Asn in six strains, Asp(87) → Gly in one strain, and Ser(83) → Phe in one strain. One NAL-resistant strain had no mutations in QRDR, suggesting another mechanism of resistance.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- DNA gyráza genetika MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- molekulární typizace MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže mikrobiologie MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis klasifikace účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- salmonelová infekce u zvířat mikrobiologie MeSH
- salmonelóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Srbsko MeSH
Various human activities result in the release of significantquantityofcadmiumtotheenvironment.The study population included adults (230) and children (100) residing near the tobacco plant and a control group, unexposed to elevated cadmium concentrations, living in unpolluted area in the same city. Biomonitoring methods were used to assess the effects of contaminated air on the health of the public (urine samples). Ambient air samples were collected near the cadmium-related plant and in unpolluted area during the last ten years. Values of cadmium concentrations in urine found in polluted area were in range of 0.05–0.42 μg/g creatinine for children and 0.15–1.96 μg/g creatinine for adults. The results indicated statistical significantage-dependent differences in urine cadmium concentration between polluted and unpolluted area for adults. Boys and men had significantlyhigherurinecadmiumlevelsthangirlsandwomen,butinchildrenthere were no significantgender-dependentdifferencesincadmiumexcretionfound out. In conclusion, the results from the present study indicate that cadmium urine concentration in polluted area are very high, particularly in children.
