Persistent use of pesticides and animal manure in agricultural soils inadvertently introduced heavy metals and antibiotic/antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into the soil with deleterious consequences. The microbiome and heavy metal and antibiotic resistome of a pesticide and animal manure inundated agricultural soil (SL6) obtained from a vegetable farm at Otte, Eiyenkorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, was deciphered via shotgun metagenomics and functional annotation of putative ORFs (open reading frames). Structural metagenomics of SL6 microbiome revealed 29 phyla, 49 classes, 94 orders, 183 families, 366 genera, 424 species, and 260 strains with the preponderance of the phyla Proteobacteria (40%) and Actinobacteria (36%), classes Actinobacteria (36%), Alphaproteobacteria (18%), and Gammaproteobacteria (17%), and genera Kocuria (16%), Sphingobacterium (11%), and Brevundimonas (10%), respectively. Heavy metal resistance genes annotation conducted using Biocide and Metal Resistance Gene Database (BacMet) revealed the detection of genes responsible for the uptake, transport, detoxification, efflux, and regulation of copper, cadmium, zinc, nickel, chromium, cobalt, selenium, tungsten, mercury, and several others. ARG annotation using the Antibiotic Resistance Gene-annotation (ARG-ANNOT) revealed ARGs for 11 antibiotic classes with the preponderance of β-lactamases, mobilized colistin resistance determinant (mcr-1), macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS), glycopeptide, and aminoglycoside resistance genes, among others. The persistent use of pesticide and animal manure is strongly believed to play a major role in the proliferation of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance genes in the soil. This study revealed that agricultural soils inundated with pesticide and animal manure use are potential hotspots for ARG spread and may accentuate the spread of multidrug resistant clinical pathogens.
- MeSH
- aminoglykosidy MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální geny MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika MeSH
- chrom MeSH
- dezinficiencia * MeSH
- glykopeptidy MeSH
- hnůj mikrobiologie MeSH
- kadmium MeSH
- kobalt MeSH
- kolistin MeSH
- linkosamidy MeSH
- makrolidy MeSH
- měď MeSH
- metagenomika MeSH
- mikrobiota * genetika MeSH
- nikl MeSH
- pesticidy * farmakologie MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
- rtuť * MeSH
- selen * MeSH
- streptograminy MeSH
- wolfram MeSH
- zinek MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Tungsten oxide-based bulk and nanocrystalline materials are widely used as photocatalytic and photo- and electrochromic materials, as well as materials for biomedical applications. In our work, we focused our attention on the effect of sodium cations on the structure and photochromic properties of the WO3@PVP aqueous sols. To establish the effect, the sols were synthesized by either simple pH adjusting of sodium or ammonium tungstates' solutions, or using an ion exchange technique to remove the cations from the materials to the greatest possible extent. We showed that the presence of sodium cations in WO3@PVP favors the formation of reduced tungsten species (W+5) upon UV irradiation of the materials, strongly affecting their photochromic and photocatalytic properties. The pronounced photoreductive properties of WO3@PVP sols in photocatalytic reactions were demonstrated. Due to photoreductive properties, photochromic sols of tungsten oxide can act as effective photoprotectors in photooxidation processes. We believe that our work provides a considerable contribution to the elucidation of photochromic and redox phenomena in WO3-based materials.
- MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
- fotochemické procesy MeSH
- katalýza MeSH
- kationty MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- maloúhlový rozptyl MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- nanočástice chemie MeSH
- oxidy chemie MeSH
- povidon chemie MeSH
- sodík chemie MeSH
- ultrafialové záření MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- wolfram chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Unique 3D tomography apparatus was built and successfully tested in Research Centre Rez. The apparatus allows three-dimensional view into the interior of low-dimension radioactive samples with a diameter up to several tens of millimeters with a betterresolution then 1 mm3 and is designed to detect domains with different levels of radioactivity. Structural inhomogeneities such as cavities, cracks or regions with different chemical composition can be detected using this equipment. The SPECT scanner has been successfully tested on several samples composed of a 3-mm radionuclide source located eccentrically within homogeneous steel bushings. To detect fine cracks inside a small sample, an ultrafine scan of the sample was carried out in the course of 24 hours with a 0.5-mm longitudinal and transverse step and 18° angular step. The exact location and orientation of a fine crack artificially formed inside a sample has been detected.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- difuze MeSH
- geologie MeSH
- jednofotonová emisní výpočetní tomografie * MeSH
- oxid křemičitý MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- poréznost MeSH
- radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
- radiometrie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- radon MeSH
- scintilace - počítání MeSH
- software MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- wolfram MeSH
- záření gama MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The ability to manipulate the structure and function of promising systems via external stimuli is emerging with the development of reconfigurable and programmable multifunctional materials. Increasing antifungal and antitumor activity requires novel, effective treatments to be diligently sought. In this work, the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological screening of pure α-Ag2WO4, irradiated with electrons and with non-focused and focused femtosecond laser beams are reported. We demonstrate, for the first time, that Ag nanoparticles/α-Ag2WO4 composite displays potent antifungal and antitumor activity. This composite had an extreme low inhibition concentration against Candida albicans, cause the modulation of α-Ag2WO4 perform the fungicidal activity more efficient. For tumor activity, it was found that the composite showed a high selectivity against the cancer cells (MB49), thus depleting the populations of cancer cells by necrosis and apoptosis, without the healthy cells (BALB/3T3) being affected.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- buňky BALB 3T3 MeSH
- Candida albicans účinky léků MeSH
- elektrony * MeSH
- kovové nanočástice aplikace a dávkování chemie účinky záření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buňky kultivované MeSH
- nádory močového měchýře farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- oxidy chemie účinky záření MeSH
- proliferace buněk MeSH
- protinádorové látky farmakologie MeSH
- stříbro chemie účinky záření MeSH
- wolfram chemie účinky záření MeSH
- xenogenní modely - testy protinádorové aktivity MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Although the nitrous oxide belongs among three of the most contributing greenhouse gases to global warming, it is quite neglected by photocatalytic society. The g-C3N4 and WO3 composites were therefore tested for the photocatalytic decomposition of N2O for the first time. The pure photocatalysts were prepared by simple calcination of precursors, and the composites were prepared by mixing of suspension of pure components in water followed by calcination. The structural (X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy), textural (N2 physisorption), and optical properties (diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, photoelectrochemical measurements) of all composites were correlated with photocatalytic activity. The experimental results and results from characterization techniques confirmed creation of Z-scheme in the WO3/g-C3N4 composites, which was confirmed by hydroxyl radicals' trapping measurements. The photocatalytic decomposition of N2O was carried out in the presence of UVA light (peak intensity at 365 nm) and the 1:2 WO3/g-C3N4 composite was the most active one, but the photocatalytic activity was just negligibly higher than that of pure WO3. This is caused by relatively weak interaction between WO3 and g-C3N4 which was revealed from XPS.
Gas sensitive cerium oxide-tungsten oxide core-shell nanowires are synthesized and integrated directly into micromachined platforms via aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition. Tests to various volatile organic compounds (acetone, ethanol, and toluene) involved in early disease diagnosis demonstrate enhanced sensitivity to acetone for the core-shell structures in contrast to the non-modified materials (i.e., only tungsten oxide or cerium oxide). This is attributed to the high density of oxygen vacancy defects at the shell, as well as the formation of heterojunctions at the core-shell interface, which provide the modified nanowires with 'extra' chemical and electronic sensitization as compared to the non-modified materials.
- MeSH
- aceton metabolismus MeSH
- cer chemie MeSH
- nanodráty chemie MeSH
- oxidy chemie MeSH
- těkavé organické sloučeniny metabolismus MeSH
- wolfram chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Multimodal probes, which can be simultaneously visualized by multiple imaging modalities, enable the cellular uptake, intracellular fate, biodistribution and elimination to be tracked in organisms. In this study, we report the synthesis of crystalline WO3 and CaWO4 doped with Eu3+ or Tb3+ nanoparticles (size range of 10-160 nm) coated with polysaccharides, and these nanoparticles constitute a versatile easy-to-construct modular toolbox for multimodal imaging. The particles adsorb significant amounts of polysaccharides from the solution, providing biocompatibility and may serve as a platform for labeling. For WO3, the sorption is reversible. However, on CaWO4, stable coating is formed. CaWO4/Tb3+ coated with chemisorbed dextrin, mannan, guar gum and sodium alginate successfully underwent endocytosis with HepG2 cells and was visualized using confocal microscopy.
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- buňky Hep G2 MeSH
- endocytóza fyziologie MeSH
- konfokální mikroskopie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- luminiscence * MeSH
- nanočástice aplikace a dávkování chemie účinky záření MeSH
- polysacharidy chemie MeSH
- terbium chemie MeSH
- wolfram chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Demonstrujeme případ 58-leté ženy s obrovskobuněčnou intersticiální pneumonií bez prokázáné expozice tvrdokovům. Obrovskobuněčná pneumonie (GIP) je vzácné intersticiální plicní onemocnění, které je charakterizováno přítomností četných vícejaderných buněk v plicních alveolech. V současnosti převažuje názor, že GIP je sekundární intersticiální pneumonie a stala se téměř synonymem nemoci z tvrdokovů (kobaltová plíce, hard metal lung disease). Zároveň se však v literatuře uvádějí případy GIP, u nichž se nepodařilo expozici prokázat, takže se o synonymickém vztahu GIP – nemoc z tvrdokovů pochybuje. Poškození plicní tkáně je imunitně zprostředkováno. V našem případě jsme nalezli klasický obraz GIP s výraznou lymfoidní hyperplazií. Pacientka se v době diagnózy léčila s Hashimotovou thyreoiditidou, posléze se u ní vyvinula autoimunitní hemolytická anémie a astma bronchiale. Domníváme se, že náš případ podporuje domněnku o autoimunní etiologii tzv. idiopatických GIP.
We describe the case of a 58-year-old woman with giant cell interstitial pneumonia without any history of exposure to hard metals. Giant cell interstitial pneumonia (GIP) is a rare interstitial lung disease characterized by the presence of numerous multinucleated giant cells in the alveolar spaces. Currently GIP is regarded as secondary interstitial pneumonia. While it has become almost synonymous with hard metal lung disease (cobalt pneumonitis), the literature has also included sporadic cases of GIP without exposure to hard metals. This fact undermines the synonymical relationship between GIP and hard metal lung disease. The alteration of lung tissue in GIP is immunologically mediated. In our patient we found a classical histological picture of GIP with lymphoid hyperplasia. At the time of diagnosis she was being treated for Hashimoto´s thyreoiditis. Later, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and bronchial asthma developed. We suggest that our case supports the hypothesis of the autoimmune ethiology of idiopathic GIPs.
- Klíčová slova
- tvrdokovy,
- MeSH
- autoimunita MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- intersticiální plicní nemoci * diagnóza farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- kobalt škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obrovské buňky * patologie MeSH
- plicní alveoly patologie MeSH
- plicní fibróza patologie MeSH
- pracovní expozice škodlivé účinky MeSH
- těžké kovy * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- wolfram škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
