Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urologic malignancies. Its incidence continues to rise worldwide with a rate of 2% per year. Approximately, one-third of the RCC patients are diagnosed at advanced stages due to the asymptomatic nature of its early stages. This represents a great hurdle, since RCC is largely chemoresistant/radioresistant, and targeted therapy of mRCC still has limited efficacy. The 5-year survival rate of metastatic RCC (mRCC) is only around 10%. Adoptive cell transfer (ACT), a particular form of cell-based anticancer immunotherapy, is a promising approach in the treatment of mRCC. The vaccination principle, however, faces unique challenges that preclude the efficacy of ACT. In this article, we review the main challenges of ACT in the treatment of mRCC and describe multiple methods that can be used to overcome these challenges. In this respect, the ultimate purpose of this review is to provide a descriptive tool by which to improve the development of novel protocols for ACT of mRCC.
- MeSH
- imunoterapie metody MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- nádory ledvin patologie MeSH
- převzatá imunita metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- imunita získaná od matky genetika imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- imunitní systém imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myeloidní diferenciační faktor 88 MeSH
- převzatá imunita metody využití MeSH
- rostliny MeSH
- T-lymfocyty fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- toll-like receptory genetika imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
