- MeSH
- biochemie přístrojové vybavení trendy MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie trendy MeSH
- klinická chemie * přístrojové vybavení trendy MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- laboratorní automatizace metody MeSH
- laboratorní medicína přístrojové vybavení trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární biologie trendy MeSH
- umělá inteligence trendy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
False drugs are unsafe products that are manufactured using incorrect, inactive, or harmful ingredients. These drugs are packaged and labeled to look like real trademark generic drugs to deceive the consumer. Chemical analysis is a crucial step in distinguishing original pharmaceutics and fakes. HPLC and MS analyses are standard methods for identification and quantitation of active ingredients and impurities. Thus they are often used to corroborate the results of less sophisticated methods such as colorimetry, TLC, GS, Raman, NIR, FTIR and NMR spectrometries. The analytical methods should be employed in forensic laboratories.
- MeSH
- artemisininy * analýza klasifikace MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické * metody využití MeSH
- chromatografie na tenké vrstvě metody využití MeSH
- chromatografie plynová metody využití MeSH
- farmaceutický průmysl zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody trendy využití MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesteras * analýza MeSH
- kolorimetrie metody využití MeSH
- kontaminace léku * prevence a kontrola zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody MeSH
- padělané léky * analýza zásobování a distribuce MeSH
- Ramanova spektroskopie metody MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Tumor markers play an important role in cancer diagnostics. However, with the exception of selected fusion genes and proteins, there are no specific compounds for unambiguous cancer diagnosis. Oncologists must combine many markers to assess diagnosis, staging, prognosis and prediction of therapeutic response. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful technique which can help to identify new biomarkers and/or to refine information about marker candidates. Recent years have witnessed new approaches in MS analysis for dicovery of cancer biomarkers. This review highlights some recent findings and trends in cancer diagnosis.
CE with MS detection is a hyphenated technique which greatly improves the ability of CE to deal with real samples, especially with those coming from biology and medicine, where the target analytes are present as trace amounts in very complex matrices. CE-MS is now almost a routine technique performed on commercially available instruments. It faces currently a tremendous development of the technique itself as well as of its wide application area. Great interest in CE-MS is reflected in the scientific literature by many original research articles and also by numerous reviews. The review presented here has a general scope and belongs to a series of regularly published reviews on the topic. It covers the literature from the last 2 years, since January 2008 till June 2010. It brings a critical selection of related literature sorted into groups reflecting the main topics of actual scientific interest: (i) innovations in CE-ESI-MS, (ii) use of alternative interfaces, and (iii) ways to enhance sensitivity. Special attention is paid to novel electrolyte systems amenable to CE-MS including nonvolatile BGEs, to advanced CE separation principles such as MEKC, MEEKC, chiral CE, and to the use of preconcentration techniques.
Mass spectrometry as a detection method has been widely used in various fields of chemistry. Negative chemical ionization (NCI), one of the techniques used in MS, is based on interactions between anions of a reagent gas (frequently methane) and analyte molecules. When coupled to GC, the technique is used in analysis of organic pollutants. The development of analytical methods appropriate for various complex matrices, selective to the analytes at very low concentrations is still needed. The review with 40 references shows the potentials of GC-NCI-MS in analytical practice.
- MeSH
- biologie MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické metody trendy MeSH
- chromatografie plynová metody využití MeSH
- fenoly izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody trendy MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lékařství MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma MeSH
- organické látky izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- pesticidy izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- potravinářský průmysl MeSH
- rezidua léčiv izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zemědělství MeSH
- znečištění ovzduší MeSH
- znečištění vody MeSH
- znečištění životního prostředí analýza škodlivé účinky MeSH
The development of selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS, is described from its inception as the modified very large SIFT instruments used to demonstrate the feasibility of SIFT-MS as an analytical technique, towards the smaller but bulky transportable instruments and finally to the current smallest Profile 3 instruments that have been located in various places, including hospitals and schools to obtain on-line breath analyses. The essential physics and engineering principles are discussed, which must be appreciated to design and construct a SIFT-MS instrument. The versatility and sensitivity of the Profile 3 instrument is illustrated by typical mass spectra obtained using the three precursor ions H(3)O(+), NO(+) and O(2)(+)·, and the need to account for differential ionic diffusion and mass discrimination in the analytical algorithms is emphasized to obtain accurate trace gas analyses. The performance of the Profile 3 instrument is illustrated by the results of several pilot studies, including (i) on-line real time quantification of several breath metabolites for cohorts of healthy adults and children, which have provided representative concentration/population distributions, and the comparative analyses of breath exhaled via the mouth and nose that identify systemic and orally-generated compounds, (ii) the enhancement of breath metabolites by drug ingestion, (iii) the identification of HCN as a marker of Pseudomonas colonization of the airways and (iv) emission of volatile compounds from urine, especially ketone bodies, and from skin. Some very recent developments are discussed, including the quantification of carbon dioxide in breath and the combination of SIFT-MS with GC and ATD, and their significance. Finally, prospects for future SIFT-MS developments are alluded to.
- MeSH
- dechové testy přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie přístrojové vybavení metody trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Mass spectrometry is an indispensable tool in modern analytical laboratories. It has also gained significant reputation in many areas of non-chemical activities. The paper summarizes the most recent analytical developments in the field. It puts emphasis on ambient ionization techniques, modern high-resolution analyzers and mass microscopy as an emerging optical/analytical tool.
