Plant tropane alkaloids atropine and scopolamine are very strong anticholinergic drugs used in medicine and also found their place in military medicine, in particular atropine as an antidote in case of poisonings by nerve gases. Atropine and scopolamine both easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and may cause central nervous system toxicity. Its symptoms are delirium, restlessness, confusion, and impairment of mental capacities. Scopolamine is much more likely to produce sedation and amnesia than atropine. Synthetic atropine-like compounds are also strong anticholinergics, and found use as a modern type of chemical weapons that incapacitate enemy for some time, but do not kill him. They are so-called non-lethal weapons, which are able to temporarily disable personnel from combat action and to protect the environment without limiting desired negative consequences to the enemy’s national economy. Such non-lethal weapons is Agent BZ.
- Klíčová slova
- bojová látka BZ,
- MeSH
- alkaloidy Solanaceí farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- antidota chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Atropa belladonna MeSH
- atropin * farmakologie chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- chinuklidinylbenzilát analogy a deriváty farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Datura stramonium MeSH
- halucinogeny MeSH
- Hyoscyamus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Mandragora MeSH
- otrava organofosfáty farmakoterapie MeSH
- pohybová aktivita účinky léků MeSH
- skopolamin * farmakologie chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- vedení války * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) represents a non-selective, competitive antagonist of cholinergic receptors, which has been previously used to generate cognitive deficits in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this study was evaluation of QNB potency for creation of cognitive impairment during the acquisition, consolidation and retrieval stages of learning and memory in rats. Male Wistar rats were subjected to a water maze task with hidden platform and a step-through passive avoidance task. The water maze test was carried out in two separate experiments focused on spatial learning (acquisition test) and long-term spatial memory (retrieval test). QNB doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg kg(-1)) were administered to rats intraperitoneally before training sessions (acquisition test) or before probe trial (retrieval test). A QNB dose of 2.0 mg kg(-1) was administered to rats in the passive avoidance task before training (acquisition test), immediately post-training (consolidation test) or 24h pre-retention (retrieval test). QNB significantly impaired the acquisition in the water maze at doses 0.5-5.0 mg kg(-1) as well as the acquisition of passive avoidance task. In contrast, consolidation and retrieval were not affected by QNB, indicating that QNB specifically affects the stage of acquisition.
- MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- antagonisté muskarinových receptorů chemie toxicita MeSH
- bludiště - učení účinky léků MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chinuklidinylbenzilát chemie toxicita MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- pohybová aktivita účinky léků MeSH
- poruchy učení chemicky indukované MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- rozpomínání účinky léků MeSH
- učení vyhýbat se účinky léků MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
