During the blood feeding, sand fly females inject saliva containing immunomodulatory and anti-haemostatic molecules into their vertebrate hosts. The saliva composition is species-specific, likely due to an adaptation to particular haemostatic pathways of their preferred host. Research on sand fly saliva is limited to the representatives of two best-studied genera, Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. Although the members of the genus Sergentomyia are highly abundant in many areas in the Old World, their role in human disease transmission remains uncertain. Most Sergentomyia spp. preferentially attack various species of reptiles, but feeding on warm-blooded vertebrates, including humans and domestic animals, has been repeatedly described, especially for Sergentomyia schwetzi, of which salivary gland transcriptome and proteome is analyzed in the current study. Illumina RNA sequencing and de novo assembly of the reads and their annotation revealed 17,293 sequences homologous to other arthropods' proteins. In the sialome, all proteins typical for sand fly saliva were identified-antigen 5-related, lufaxin, yellow-related, PpSP15-like, D7-related, ParSP25-like, and silk proteins, as well as less frequent salivary proteins included 71kDa-like, ParSP80-like, SP16-like, and ParSP17-like proteins. Salivary enzymes include apyrase, hyaluronidase, endonuclease, amylase, lipase A2, adenosine deaminase, pyrophosphatase, 5'nucleotidase, and ribonuclease. Proteomics analysis of salivary glands identified 631 proteins, 81 of which are likely secreted into the saliva. We also compared two S. schwetzi lineages derived from the same origin. These lineages were adapted for over 40 generations for blood feeding either on mice (S-M) or geckos (S-G), two vertebrate hosts with different haemostatic mechanisms. Altogether, 20 and 40 annotated salivary transcripts were up-regulated in the S-M and S-G lineage, respectively. Proteomic comparison revealed ten salivary proteins more abundant in the lineage S-M, whereas 66 salivary proteins were enriched in the lineage S-G. No difference between lineages was found for apyrase activity; contrarily the hyaluronidase activity was significantly higher in the lineage feeding on mice.
- MeSH
- apyrasa analýza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- hmyzí proteiny analýza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- hyaluronoglukosaminidasa analýza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- ještěři MeSH
- myši MeSH
- Psychodidae genetika metabolismus MeSH
- receptory pachové analýza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- slinné žlázy metabolismus MeSH
- transkriptom * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The presented work focuses on electrophoretic and zymographic characterization of boar sperm proteins isolated by various extraction methods and on comparison of the protein profiles obtained from ejaculated and in vitro capacitated spermatozoa. Sperm proteins of ejaculated and in vitro capacitated boar sperms were isolated with the following agents: 1% v/v Triton X-100, 1% v/v Triton X-114, 2% v/v acetic acid, 1% m/v sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), 30 mM N-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (OBG), rehydration buffer (RHB) for isoelectric focusing and finally by the freezing-thawing approach. The extracts were characterized in terms of 1-DE, 2-DE protein profiles, 1-DE glycoprotein staining and proteinase and hyaluronidase substrate zymographic profiles. The results have shown quantitative and qualitative differences in 1-DE protein and glycoprotein profiles with respect to the employed isolation approach. These differences were seen even more clearly in 2-DE protein profiles, where it was possible to distinguish the presence/absence, changes in relative abundance and pI/M(r) shifts of various protein spots. Proteinase and hyaluronidase zymograms supported the prediction that various isolation protocols result in various profiles of enzymatically active molecules.
- MeSH
- 2D gelová elektroforéza metody MeSH
- ejakulace MeSH
- elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu metody MeSH
- glykoproteiny analýza izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- hyaluronoglukosaminidasa analýza metabolismus MeSH
- kapacitace spermií MeSH
- proteasy analýza metabolismus MeSH
- proteiny analýza izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- spermie chemie enzymologie MeSH
- Sus scrofa fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
