PURPOSE: Several methods are routinely used in the clinic to diagnose and monitor diseases of inner retinal function. In this study, we compare four such methods in patients with diabetes and glaucoma, to determine correlations between their results and to determine which method is most sensitive for detecting disease. METHODS: Twenty control subjects, 12 patients with early glaucoma and eight patients with diabetes mellitus, were enrolled in the study. All underwent four examinations: transient pattern electroretinogram (PERG), multifocal pattern electroretinogram (mfPERG), chromatic contrast threshold measurements (protan and tritan), and blue-on-yellow short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP). RESULTS: For the total cohort of 40 subjects, the results show a significant correlation between the amplitudes of the PERG and those of the mfPERG, as well as between the tritan contrast thresholds and the SWAP MD. Furthermore, ROC analyses reveal that colour contrast thresholds could significantly distinguish between the patient and the control group. Glaucoma patients alone could also be distinguished. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the methods compared in this study show correlations between their results if they are testing same pathway or underling cells, and that the colour contrast threshold is the most sensitive method to detect early functional deficits in diabetic and glaucoma patients.

• MeSH
• čípky retiny fyziologie   MeSH
• citlivost na kontrast fyziologie   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• diabetická retinopatie diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrofyziologické jevy MeSH
• elektrofyziologie metody   MeSH
• elektroretinografie metody   MeSH
• glaukom diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• poruchy barevného vidění diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzorické prahy MeSH
• testy zrakového pole MeSH
• zraková pole fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The number of L cones in the retina normally exceeds that of the M cones. Because normal color vision does not depend on the ratio of L- and M-photoreceptors, their signals must undergo an alteration in gain before being analyzed in the cortex. Previous studies have shown that this gain must take place before the cortex, but after the bipolar/amacrine cell layer of the retina. The aim of this study was to obtain topographical information about L- and M-cone activity at the ganglion cell layer using multifocal pattern electroretinography (mfPERG). A standard (black and white) stimulus was used, as well as stimuli modulating only the long wavelength-sensitive (L) or only the middle wavelength-sensitive (M) cones. The L:M ratio was calculated from the amplitude of the L-cone isolating mfPERG to that of the M-cone isolating mfPERG of 10 trichromats. Both the positive and negative components of the waveform were analyzed. Additional recordings of single cone modulated mfERGs were obtained from nine of the 10 subjects. We also recorded from one protanope and one deuteranope. The L:M cone amplitude ratios for both deflections of the mfPERG in the trichromats were around unity (medians 1.18 and 1.16, respectively) for the central 8 degrees of retina. In the peripheral retina between 12.8 degrees and 26 degrees , this ratio increased to 1.42 for the positive component, and 1.37 for the negative component. The median L:M cone amplitude ratios for the mfPERG were higher and ranged between 1.00-2.78 in the central 8 degrees and 1.29-2.78 in the periphery. The results indicate that a major gain adjustment of the retinal signals takes place at the ganglion cell level, and that the ratio is higher at eccentric locations than in the central retinal area.

• MeSH
• barva MeSH
• čípky retiny parazitologie   MeSH
• citlivost na kontrast fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroretinografie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poruchy barevného vidění patofyziologie   MeSH
• psychofyzika MeSH
• reakční čas MeSH
• senzorické prahy fyziologie   MeSH
• světelná stimulace MeSH
• testy barvocitu MeSH
• vnímání barev MeSH
• zraková pole fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH