OBJECTIVE: Free fatty acids (FFA)-adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) feedback loop between adipose tissue and the hypothalamic-pituitary centers in the brain has been suggested to be affected by the exercise and by administration of anti-lipolytic drugs. Also leptin may be affected by exercise. Dysfunction of FFA-leptin-ACTH secretion might be involved in binge eating and subsequent purging as is the case in bulimia nervosa (BN). METHODS: In the present single-blind, randomized study, we explored responses of plasma ACTH, leptin and FFA concentrations to exercise (45 min, 2 W/kg of lean body mass [LBM]) with Acipimox (Aci), an anti-lipolytic nicotinic acid analog, or placebo randomly received in nine women with BN and nine healthy women. RESULTS: The exercise with Aci administration resulted in plasma ACTH (p<0.001) and leptin increase higher in BN patients and a decrease in the plasma FFA levels in both groups. The falling of plasma ACTH (p<0.01) levels in the post-exercise recovering phase (90-minute) with Aci administration is more expressed in BN patients. The exercise induced an increase in plasma ACTH (p<0.05) and FFA levels and a decrease in the plasma leptin level in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that the Aci-induced elevation in plasma ACTH (p<0.001) levels after the exercise higher in BN patients and that the falling of plasma ACTH (p<0.01) levels in the post-exercise recovering phase (90-minute) with Aci administration is suppressed only in BN patients, while Aci increased plasma leptin levels in this recovering phase more in BN patients. Therefore, these observations led us to suggesting that FFA-leptin-ACTH are involved in the dysregulation of neuroendocrine profile in this syndrome and that Aci affects a FFA-independent mechanism. In conclusion, Aci can be considered acceptable in the treatment of eating disorders, and it may also serve as an alternative low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) in these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12612000309886.
- MeSH
- adrenokortikotropní hormon krev MeSH
- bulimia krev rehabilitace MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pyraziny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This is the first study that finds five adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) in the corpus cardiacum of an insect. From two species of the sphingid moth genus Hippotion, eson and celerio, three novel and two known AKHs were isolated and sequenced by deduction from multiple MS(n) electrospray mass data: two octapeptides are pGlu-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Ser-Trp amide (denoted Hipes-AKH-I) and its Thr(7) analogue (Hipes-AKH-II); two nonapeptides are pGlu-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Ser-Trp-Gly amide (Manse-AKH) and its Thr(7) analogue (Hipes-AKH-III), as well as a decapeptide pGlu-Leu-Thr-Phe-Ser-Ser-Gly-Trp-Gly-Gln amide (Manse-AKH-II). All sequences were confirmed by identical behaviour of natural and synthetic peptides in reversed-phase HPLC and liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry, resulting in identical retention times and tandem mass spectral data. High resolution mass spectrometry and retention time data also confirmed that the amino acid at position 10 in Manse-AKH-II is Gln and not the isobaric Lys. Conspecific injections of all five peptides in synthetic form and low doses caused hyperlipaemia in H. eson. Our results and pertaining literature suggest that five genes code for the mature peptides, which are very likely released during flight to provide energy for long distance migration in this genus via lipid oxidation; as all five peptides are active at low doses in a conspecific bioassay, it may be speculated, but not proven, that there is only one AKH receptor present in Hippotion that can bind all five peptides with high affinity. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací MeSH
- hmyzí hormony * chemie metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina pyrrolidonkarboxylová * MeSH
- Lepidoptera * metabolismus MeSH
- neurosekreční systémy chemie metabolismus MeSH
- oligopeptidy * chemie metabolismus MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Ghrelin is predominantly produced by the stomach and the growth hormone (GH)-ghrelin feedback loop between the stomach and the pituitary gland has recently been suggested. The disruption of the gut-brain axis might be involved in bulimia nervosa (BN). METHODS: We investigated responses of plasma GH, ghrelin, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentrations to exercise or to exercise after the administration of the antilipolytic drug Acipimox (Aci) in seven BN patients and seven healthy women (C). Aci was administered 1h before exercise (45 min, 2 W/kg of lean body mass/LBM/). Ghrelin, GH, NPY, free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol plasma levels were measured during the test using commercial kits. RESULTS: The exercise induced an increase in plasma GH, NPY and FFA in both groups and a decrease in plasma ghrelin levels only in BN patients. Exercise after Aci administration resulted in an increase in plasma GH, and a decrease in plasma ghrelin in both groups; NPY increased more in BN patients. Exercise-induced FFA increase was depressed after Aci. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the Aci-induced suppression in plasma ghrelin levels during exercise in both groups suggests a negative feedback of GH on ghrelin secretion. Observed changes in plasma FFA levels were not related to changes in GH and ghrelin levels.
- MeSH
- bulimia nervosa krev patofyziologie MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- experimenty na lidech MeSH
- ghrelin biosyntéza sekrece MeSH
- glycerol krev MeSH
- hypofýza účinky léků sekrece MeSH
- hypolipidemika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- kyseliny mastné neesterifikované krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidský růstový hormon biosyntéza sekrece MeSH
- neuropeptid Y krev MeSH
- pyraziny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- žaludek účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- zpětná vazba fyziologická MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Adipose tissue-derived factors represent important players in the metabolic regulations acting both on systemic and local level. However, their local concentrations in human adipose tissue are poorly described. METHODS: We measured 24-hour profile and post-glucose load concentrations of selected adipokines in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of 17 healthy women by in vivo microdialysis. During 24-hour period, subjects consumed two standardized meals (at 13.00 h and at 19.00 h). RESULTS: During 24-hour period, fat interleukin-6, interleukin-8/CXCL8, resistin, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exhibited increase/decrease/plateau pattern and peaked at about 14.30 h. Fat leptin exhibited increase/plateau/decrease/increase pattern and reached plateau between 22.00 and 5.30 h. Fat adiponectin exhibited decrease/plateau pattern and reached plateau between 1.00 and 7.00 h. Fat plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) exhibited decrease/increase pattern with the lowest value at 20.30 h. Oral glucose consumption significantly increased fat adiponectin and resistin levels and decreased fat leptin and PAI-1 levels, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of studied adipokines in subcutaneous fat exhibited significant variations during the 24-hour period after microdialysis catheter insertion that were not reflected in the circulation. Concentrations of adiponectin, resistin, leptin and PAI-1 were regulated by oral glucose ingestion from 1 to 3 h after oral glucose load in healthy women.
- MeSH
- adipokiny MeSH
- adiponektin metabolismus MeSH
- glukosa metabolismus MeSH
- inhibitor aktivátoru plazminogenu 1 metabolismus MeSH
- interleukin-6 metabolismus MeSH
- interleukin-8 metabolismus MeSH
- leptin metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrodialýza metody MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- podkožní tuk metabolismus MeSH
- resistin metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
