10,11-Epoxycarbamazepine Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
The anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine is considered as an indicator of sewage water pollution: however, its uptake by plants and effect on metabolism have not been sufficiently documented, let alone its metabolite (10,11-epoxycarbamazepine). In a model system of sterile, hydroponically cultivated Zea mays (as C4 plant) and Helianthus annuus (as C3 plant), the uptake and effect of carbamazepine and 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine were studied in comparison with those of acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen were effectively extracted from drug-supplemented media by both plants, while the uptake of more hydrophobic carbamazepine was much lower. On the other hand, the carbamazepine metabolite, 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine, was, unlike sunflower, willingly taken up by maize plants (after 96 h 88 % of the initial concentration) and effectively stored in maize tissues. In addition, the effect of the studied pharmaceuticals on the plant metabolism (enzymes of Hatch-Slack cycle, peroxidases) was followed. The activity of bound peroxidases, which could cause xylem vessel lignification and reduction of xenobiotic uptake, was at the level of control plants in maize leaves contrary to sunflower. Therefore, our results indicate that maize has the potential to remove 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine from contaminated soils.
- MeSH
- antikonvulziva analýza metabolismus MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- Helianthus účinky léků růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- hydroponie MeSH
- karbamazepin analogy a deriváty analýza metabolismus MeSH
- kukuřice setá účinky léků růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu analýza metabolismus MeSH
- listy rostlin účinky léků růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Eslikarbazepin acetát (ESL) je nové antiepileptikum stabilizující napěťově řízený sodíkový kanál. Na rozdíl od svých strukturálně příbuzných předchůdců – karbamazepinu a oxkarbazepinu – není ESL metabolizován na 10,11-epoxykarbamazepin, čímž není tolik náchylný k enzymatické indukci či autoindukci a současně má méně nežádoucích účinků. Eslikarbazepin má výhodnou lineární, na dávce závislou farmakokinetiku a relativně nízkou vazbu na plazmatické bílkoviny. Je indikován k přídatné léčbě dospělých pacientů s parciálními záchvaty se sekundární generalizací nebo bez ní. Jeho doporučené dávkování v udržovací léčbě po titraci je 800–1200 mg/den podávaných v jedné denní dávce.
Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESQ is a novel antlepileptic drug that stabilizes the voltage-gated sodium channel. Unlike its structurally related predecessors - carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine - ESL is not metabolised to 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine and thus is less susceptible to enzyme induction or autoinduction and, at the same time, has less adverse effects. Eslicarbazepine exhibits favourable linear, dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and a relatively low propensity to bind to plasma proteins. It is indicated as add-on therapy in the treatment of adult patients with partial seizures with or without secondary generalization. The recommended maintenance dosage after titration is 800-1200 mg given in a single daily dose.
- Klíčová slova
- přídatná léčba,
- MeSH
- antikonvulziva terapeutické užití MeSH
- dibenzazepiny farmakologie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- epilepsie farmakoterapie MeSH
- kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
- lékové interakce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
An HPLC procedure for the determination of lamotrigine (LAM) simultaneously with other antiepileptic drugs, primidone (PD), phenobarbital (PB), phenytoin (DPH), carbamazepine (CMZ), and two active metabolites 2-phenyl-2-ethyl-malonamide (PEMA) and 10,11-dihydro-10,11-epoxycarbamazepine (EPO) was developed and validated. The method involves an ordinary RP system and a liquid-liquid extraction. The mobile phase consisting of water/ACN/methanol/triethylamine in the ratio 72:23:5:0.1 with pH 7.0 was selected as the best one after the assays testing both pH and triethylamine contents. UV detection was carried out at a wavelength of 220 nm and the whole analysis took 15 min. The method was linear in the range of 0.5-25 mg/L for PEMA and LAM; 1.25-25 mg/L for PD and CMZ; 0.625-12.5 mg/L for EPO; 1.5-60 mg/L for PB; and 1.25-50 mg/L for DPH, respectively. Within-day CV% and between-day CV% were within 10%. The developed HPLC method can be used for routine therapeutic drug monitoring both in children and adults.
