Suicides are one of the topics discussed around the world. This problem receives large space in scientific and professional literature, in order to eliminate its occurrence. Mechanisms of suicides are determined by whole spectrum of reasons determined by/depending on physical and psychological health. The objective of this work is to document the differences in mechanisms and realization of suicides by mentally sick people. Ten cases of suicides are reported in the article: three of which in people with a history of depression of the victim noted by family members, one with treated depression, three with anxiety-depressive disorder and three schizophrenic patients cases. There are five men and five women. Four of these women overdosed themselves by medicaments and one jumped out of a window. Two men shot themselves, two hanged themselves and one jumped out of a window. Persons without anamnestically proven psychiatric diseases end their lives mostly because of inconclusive situation or as a result of balancing their whole life (usually with good plan and preparation of the act). Persons with treatment of depression or anxiety-depressive disorder kill themselves mostly after several “unsuccessful” attempts. In case of victims with schizophrenia suicides follow a hardly predictable sequence of actions which sometimes do not seem to have any logic. Differences have been found between victims with and without mental disorders in ways of realization of suicides. Psychological predispositions in mood changes, long-term sadness and threatening suicide should be recognized by family members. Prevention of suicides in cases of people with a history of mental disorders is based on medical treatment and cooperation between the client and family members and a psychiatrist (Ref. 30).

Tumor-associated macrophages are an important part of the tumor microenvironment. The presence of certain populations of macrophages within tumor tissue may be associated with either better or worse disease prognosis. The study of these cells is currently receiving a great deal of attention, with the most important topics of investigation raised being: the typification of subpopulations of tumor-associated macrophages; identification of the prognostic significance of population density and distribution of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment; ways to influence macrophage activity, migration and differentiation within the tumor. The answers to these questions can improve the efficiency of immunoterapy for malignancies. The presented article briefly reviews recent findings on tumor-associated macrophages in solid malignancies.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy spojené s nádory * MeSH
• makrofágy patologie   MeSH
• nádorové mikroprostředí MeSH
• nádory * MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Over the past 18 years, according to data from the Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, L. Pasteur University Hospital, there have been 493 cases of orofacial clefts (OC) reported in the area of Eastern Slovakia. The aim of this study was to map the occurrence of orofacial clefts reported in the area of Eastern Slovakia during the years 1996-2013. Also, we compared the occurrence of different types of clefts between the groups in relation to gender and ethnicity. METHODS AND RESULTS: The statistical analysis shows relationship between variables of location and gender and gender differences in the occurrence of various types of clefts. Moreover, in comparison with another study which analyzed the years 1985-2000 (1.29/10(3) live births), there was an increase in the incidence (1.42/10(3) live births) of OC in Eastern Slovakia. CONCLUSION: Our findings seem contradictive to similar studies which discuss ethnic differences in relation to OC. We recognize the relatively high occurrence of OC in Eastern Slovakia, and we link this phenomenon to several extrinsic factors, in particular socioeconomic status and embryotoxic factors.

• MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• rozštěp patra epidemiologie   etnologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• rozštěp rtu epidemiologie   etnologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Plastination is in some cases unsuccessful. The goal of this work was to monitor, to describe and to analyse the reasons of S10 plastination method failure. We prepared the silicone-impregnated specimens using the standard silicone method S 10. The causes of bad preparation are numerous. Usual defects produced during plastination process are the changes in the bulk, the changes in the colour and other visible defects (e.g. deformations, spots on the organs surface). The frequent reasons for these defects are: unsuitable temperature, using of old bad fixed formaldehyde specimens and too long gas-curing procedure. The knowledge of reasons of unsuccessful plastination is important condition for achievement the good results.

• MeSH
• histologické techniky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ochrana biologická MeSH
• silikony MeSH
• zalévání tkání plastickou hmotou metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• anatomie MeSH
• tělní krajiny MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Anatomie člověka a srovnávací anatomie
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• anatomie
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol
• brožury

• MeSH
• histocytochemie MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
• kongresy jako téma MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH
• kongresy MeSH
• programy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• NLK Obory
• histologie
• biochemie
• chemie, klinická chemie

• O autorovi
• Lojda, Zdeněk, 1927-2004 Autorita