The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine relationships of external load variables between beach and indoor volleyball amongst individual positions on the team. The movements of eight beach and fourteen indoor female volleyball players were recorded during elite playoff matches; in total, 2,336 three-dimensional trajectories were analyzed. Time-outs and intervals between rallies or sets were excluded from active play time. In both beach and indoor volleyball, 80% of rallies lasted up to 10 s, and players covered 4.5 to 10 m of court during 60% of rally play. Differences in dependent variables of external load were found between independent variables of sports and player positions (p < 0.05). The distance covered in beach volleyball rallies and Player LoadTM parameters was significantly higher by up to 23%. The unstable court surface with sand in beach volleyball elevated explosive Player LoadTM (accelerations in all three orthogonal planes of motion higher than 3.5 m/s3) in beach volleyball players compared to those of players on stable flooring in indoor. While beach volleyball blocker and defender positions showed no significant difference in parameters between each other, they differed in all parameters when compared to player positions in indoor volleyball. Indoor blocker and libero reached higher loads than setter, outside and opposite positions in various parameters. Factors that influence external load include the larger relative court areas covered by each player in beach volleyball, complexity of players' roles, and game strategy. This data adds to the knowledge of elite match demands in female volleyball. Specified agility-drill distances and times are essential for training optimization and must be supported by scientific observation. Researchers, coaches, and conditioning specialists should find this helpful for achieving a higher degree of training regulation.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• operantní podmiňování MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• volejbal * MeSH
• výbušné látky * MeSH
• zrychlení MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the weekly training load between starters and non-starters classified based on the match starting line-up, with respect to the playing position and a training day. Notably, 31 young adult soccer players (age: 18.79 ± 1.04 years) competing in the 3rd Czech division were monitored across the season. The weekly training load was measured using a GPS system as follows: total distance covered (TD), high-speed running distance (HSR), sprint running distance (SR), and acceleration and deceleration distance (ACDC). We found higher values in three out of four observed variables (HSR, SR, and ACDC, excluding TD) for starters compared to non-starters (p < 0.05), with small to moderate effect sizes (d = 0.40-0.49). Differences were observed especially in players who were fullbacks, offensive midfielders, and forwards. Moreover, the largest differences were found in training prior to a match day for HSR, SR, and ACDC (p < 0.05). Non-starters experienced lower weekly external loads in offensive player positions, predominantly in high-intensity variables, which are essential for their physical performance. It seems that non-starters may experience potential under-loading in the training process. Coaches and practitioners should be aware of this potential risk and find an appropriate method to compensate for load discrepancies, particularly in terms of high-intensity activities.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Cílem studie bylo porovnat provedení vertikálního výskoku z místa a z rozběhu u elitních basketbalistů. Sledovanou skupinou byli hráči basketbalu elitní úrovně (n=26, věk 25 ± 3,9 roku, výška 195 ± 9,3 cm, hmotnost 91,8 kg ± 13,3 kg). Sledované vertikální výskoky hráči prováděli ze statické pozice s pomocí horních končetin (countermovement jump free arms, CMJ-FA) a z dynamického dvou krokového rozběhu (countermovement jump step run up, CMJ-RU). Analýza pohybu hráčů byla realizována pomocí kinematické videoanalýzy, výška výskoku byla měřena optometrickým systémem OptoJump Next (MicroGate, Italy). Absolutní výška vertikálního výskoku byla kalkulována z doby letu a u výskoku ze statického postoje dosáhla CMJ-FA 48,91 ± 4,85 cm, a u výskoku s rozběhem CMJ-RU 54,65 ± 5,87 cm. Rozdíl mezi uvedenými průměrnými hodnotami dosažených výskoků byl 5,7 cm, což představuje 12%. Měření prokázalo předpoklad, že výška výskoku po rozběhu je u všech sledovaných hráčů vyšší než z klidu, ale dosažené výsledky rozdílu průměrné výšky 5,72±3,13 cm naznačují vysoké interindividuální rozdíly mezi jednotlivými hráči.

The aim of this study was to compare the performance of vertical jump from the standing static position and step run up jump of the elite basketball players. Observated was group of elite basketball players (n = 26, age 25 ± 3.9 years, height 195 ± 9.3 cm, weight 91.8 kg ± 13.3 kg). Vertical jumps were performed by players from the static position (countermovement jump, CMJ) and dynamic two-step approach (step run up, SRU). Motion analysis was performed using players kinematic video analysis, jump height was measured by optometric system OptoJump Next (MicroGate, Italy). Absolute vertical jump height was calculated from the flight time. Jump from a static position reached CMJ 47.81 ± 4.85 cm, and jump-SRU with 53.26 ± 5.87 cm. The difference between the average values ​​achieved leaps was 5.7 cm, which represents 12%. Measurements showed the assumption, that the height of the SRU jump is higher for all players than the CMJ (from static position), but the results of the difference of the average height of 5.72 ± 3.13 cm indicating high inter-individual differences between players.

• Klíčová slova
• kinematická analýza, basketbal,
• MeSH
• audiovizuální záznam metody   využití   MeSH
• basketbal * fyziologie   MeSH
• biomechanika * fyziologie   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• kineze fyziologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH