Rozhovory
Vydání první 265 stran, 40 nečíslovaných stran obrazových příloh : ilustrace (některé barevné), portréty ; 21 cm
Rozhovor s Michalem Novotným, českým sportovním fyzioterapeutem a trenérem o jeho profesním i osobním životě.
- MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- dějiny 21. století MeSH
- fyzioterapeuti dějiny MeSH
- fyzioterapie (obor) MeSH
- management bolesti MeSH
- sporty MeSH
- zdravý životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- dějiny 21. století MeSH
- Publikační typ
- rozhovory MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- Biografie
- NLK Obory
- rehabilitační a fyzikální medicína
- tělovýchovné lékařství
- O autorovi
- Novotný, Michal, 1974- Autorita
OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to promote running as the best treatment for lower back pain (LBP) in an outpatient setting. INTRODUCTION: LBP is one of the most prevalent conditions worldwide. Sixty-two percent of all Germans experience episodes of non-specific back pain at least once a year, with one-fifth developing chronic conditions. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a natural process, contributing to periods of acute LBP. However, the scientific literature and guidelines partially overlook the significance of water management in IVD. This implementation project sought to address this gap by educating patients about this process. Running and/or walking were chosen as general approaches for treatment rather than specific disease-related approaches. METHODS: This implementation project was conducted in an outpatient physiotherapy clinic in Brandenburg, Germany, utilizing the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework. An evidence-informed clinical audit and feedback strategy was used to measure compliance with ten audit criteria. Five physiotherapists and 20 patients took part in the audits. RESULTS: At baseline, only 20% of participating physiotherapists screened for yellow flags regarding psychological issues. However, after project implementation, this criterion scored 100% compliance. Some patients performed exercises independently, but confusion persisted regarding the choice of beneficial exercises. Patients continued running, but those who took a break due to pain expressed uncertainty about resuming. CONCLUSIONS: The project highlighted the effectiveness of collaborative efforts between patients and therapists to address the issue. The project team's conviction in action and solution strategies serves as the foundation for this collaboration. This implementation strategy provided "running" patients with the confidence to either resume or reintegrate running after an extended break. SPANISH ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A222.
- MeSH
- běh * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fyzioterapie (techniky) * MeSH
- lékařská praxe založená na důkazech MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lumbalgie * terapie MeSH
- terapie cvičením metody MeSH
- vzdělávání pacientů jako téma metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Německo MeSH
Souhrn: Únavové zlomeniny jsou zranění, která vznikají z přetížení. Nejčastěji se vyskytují na dolních končetinách jako důsledek opakovaných nárazů a přenášení velkých sil na kosti dolní končetiny. Vznikem únavových zlomenin jsou nejvíce ohroženi vytrvalostní běžci, můžeme na ně ale narazit i u dalších sportovců, jako např. u sprinterů, basketbalistů nebo gymnastů. Velké zastoupení mají také mezi vojáky. Včasná diagnostika a správná léčba únavových zlomenin předchází rozvinutí tohoto zranění v kompletní frakturu nebo avaskulární nekrózu, proto je znalost této problematiky důležitá jak mezi lékaři a fyzioterapeuty, tak mezi samotnými běžci a jejich trenéry. Cílem článku je shrnout současné poznatky týkající se únavových zlomenin u běžců. Jednotlivé části jsou zaměřeny na patofyziologii vzniku únavových zlomenin a rizikové faktory, které k jejich vzniku přispívají. Hlavní pozornost je dále věnována diagnostice, klasifikaci a léčbě tohoto zranění.
Summary: Stress fractures are injuries that result from overuse. They most commonly occur in the lower extremities as a consequence of repetitive impacts and the transmission of large forces to the bones of the lower limbs. Endurance runners are at the highest risk of developing stress fractures, but they can also affect other athletes such as sprinters, basketball players, or gymnasts. They are also prevalent among soldiers. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of stress fractures prevent the progression of this injury into a complete fracture or avascular necrosis. Therefore, knowledge of this issue is important for both medical professionals and athletes and their coaches. The goal of this article is to summarize current knowledge regarding stress fractures in runners. Individual sections focus on the pathophysiology of stress fracture development and the risk factors contributing to their occurrence. The main focus is given to the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of this injury.
Porucha autistického spektra (PAS) je multifaktoriální neurovývojová porucha, charakterizovaná kromě značné heterogenity také výskytem sekundárních příznaků, mezi které patří mj. poruchy motorických funkcí a narušení motorického vývoje. Hlavním cílem této explorativní studie bylo posoudit u dětí s PAS ve věku 7–10 let koexistenci motorických a funkčních jazykových deficitů (FL), škálovaných dle kritérií ICD-11, standardizovaným hodnocením s užitím testu motoriky pro děti The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2. edice (MABC-2). U výzkumného souboru (n = 47; 39 chlapců, 8 dívek; věk 7–10 let, průměrný věk = 8,49; SD = 1,12) byly u 74,5% detekovány významné motorické obtíže a zpoždění motorického vývoje; 44,7 % participantů bylo identifikováno s mírným postižením FL, nebo bez postižení; 21,3% s narušeným FL a 34,0% s úplnou nebo téměř úplnou absencí FL. Výsledky u výzkumného souboru (n = 47) prokázaly významný pozitivní vztah (r = 0,64; p = 0,005) mezi celkovým testovým skóre (MABC-2) a postižením FL dle kritérií ICD-11. V této studii u participantů (n = 47) lepší motorický výkon významně koreloval s menšími deficity FL.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neuro-developmental disorder that is characterised by considerable heterogeneity and the occurrence of secondary symptoms, including motor function disorders and disturbances in motor development. The study's main objective was to assess the coexistence of motor and functional language deficits (FL), scaled according to ICD-11 criteria, and standardised evaluation using the motor test for children: The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd edition (MABC-2). In the research sample (n = 47; 39 boys, 8 girls; age 7-10 years, average age = 8.49; SD = 1.12), the results revealed that 74.5% of the participants had significant motor problems and delays in motor development. Among the participants, 44.7% had no or a slight disability of FL, 21.3% had disturbed FL, and 34.0% had complete or almost complete absence of FL. The results showed a significant positive relationship (R = 0.64; p = 0.005) between the Total Test Score (MABC-2) and the FL involvement, according to the ICD-11 criteria. In this study, better motor performance was significantly associated with smaller FL deficits.
PURPOSE: Exercise-based cancer rehabilitation via digital technologies can provide a promising alternative to centre-based exercise training, but data for cancer patients and survivors are limited. We conducted a meta-analysis examining the effect of telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation in cancer survivors on cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, muscle strength, health-related quality of life, and self-reported symptoms. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and reference lists of articles related to the aim were searched up to March 2023. Randomized controlled clinical trials were included comparing the effect of telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation with guideline-based usual care in adult cancer survivors. The primary result was cardiorespiratory fitness expressed by peak oxygen consumption. RESULTS: A total of 1510 participants were identified, and ten randomized controlled trials (n = 855) were included in the meta-analysis. The study sample was 85% female, and the mean age was 52.7 years. Meta-analysis indicated that telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI 0.20, 0.49, I2 = 42%, p < 0.001) and physical activity (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.17, 0.51, I2 = 71%, p < 0.001). It was uncertain whether telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation, compared with guideline-based usual care, improved the quality of life (SMD = 0.23, 95%CI, -0.07, 0.52, I2 = 67%, p = 0.14) body mass index (MD = 0.46, 95% CI, -1.19, 2.12, I2 = 60%, p = 0.58) and muscle strength (SMD = 0.07, 95% CI, -0.14, 0.28, I2 = 37%, p = 0.51). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed that telehealth exercise cancer rehabilitation could significantly increase cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity levels and decrease fatigue. It is uncertain whether these interventions improve quality of life and muscle strength. High-quality and robust studies are needed to investigate specific home-based exercise regimens in different cancer subgroups to increase the certainty of the evidence.
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- kardiorespirační zdatnost * MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * rehabilitace MeSH
- přežívající onkologičtí pacienti MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- svalová síla * MeSH
- telemedicína MeSH
- telerehabilitace MeSH
- terapie cvičením * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
BACKGROUND: Interventions to improve physical activity (PA) among adolescents continue to be a public health priority. To promote PA more effectively, we need to identify the main factors contributing to (not) engagement in PA in the perspective of adolescents themselves. Thus, we explored the barriers and enablers for sufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in adolescents from their point of view. METHODS: We used qualitative data collected as part of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study. We obtained data from 14-17 years old adolescents from the first year of Slovak high school. We conducted 11 online, semi-structured individual and group interviews with 24 participants in total (7 boys; mean age = 15.17, SD = 0.87) in Slovakia. We analysed the data using consensual qualitative research and thematic analysis. RESULTS: In the statements of adolescents, four main themes were identified regarding factors contributing to (not) engagement in PA among adolescents. 'Myself as a source' represents the importance of adolescents' own efforts, knowledge, physical predispositions and PA experience. 'How PA can be done' represents school as an opportunity for PA, and PA teachers and sports coaches as specialists who can create an enabling environment for sports. 'Others as a source' represents the social circle that can set a positive sports example and can encourage adolescent's efforts in PA. 'Factors outside' represents other factors that can inspire adolescents, e.g. by giving them a comfortable space and time to exercise, or can be a barrier to PA. CONCLUSION: The potential factors that include adolescents' perspectives can be more leveraged in designing supportive, inclusive, enjoyable, and skills-appropriate PA programmes.
The current systematic review (PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022334707) of observational (OS) and interventional studies (IS) aimed at evaluating the state of scientific knowledge on the basics of sports nutrition, framing discipline-specific dietary recommendations, and indicating potential directions for future studies in various age, experience level, and able-bodied abilities groups of basketball players (BP). A systematic search of PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science ended on 20 December 2022. Records were excluded if reporting studies on animals, sport disciplines other than basketball, or supplementation protocols other than those related to macronutrients and hydration manipulations. Risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated using Cochrane RoB_2 tools, 'JBI checklist for prevalence studies', and 'Quality assessment tool for before-after (pre-post) studies with no control group'. The relevant data was synthesized in tables and a narrative review was performed. Seventy-two records were included (2581 participants): 63 were on able-bodied BP (2433 participants) and 9 on para-athlete players (148 participants); 45 records were OS and 27 IS. The review disclosed widespread poor nutritional habits and knowledge and shortages in applying adequate nutritional and hydration practices in BP. Moreover, the systematic review revealed the lack of a sufficient number of investigations delivering reliable proof for framing discipline-specific and evidence-based recommendations on the basics of sports nutrition in basketball.
- MeSH
- basketbal * MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- para sportovci * MeSH
- předpověď MeSH
- sportovní nutriční věda * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Ve squashi vznikají různé strategické a taktické situace, kdy se musí hráč rozhodnout, jakým způsoben na ně bude reagovat a jaký typ úderu použije. Herní indikátor tempa hry není dosud zaveden ve squashi a jeho hodnoty nejsou zatím známé. Cílem je zjistit jaké jsou herní charakteristiky a tempo hry ve squashových utkáních na elitní úrovni žen u turnajů Profesionální squashové asociace. Sledovali jsme videozáznamy z utkání žen na elitní úrovni squashe. Celkem jsme analyzovali 10014 úderů v 11 utkání. Průměrný počet úderů v rozehře činil u žen 12,4 ± 2,5 a tempo hry 1,39± 0,05 s. Mezi vítězkami a poraženými nebylo dosaženo žádné statistické významnosti u tempa hry jednotlivých úderů. Z hlediska četnosti odehrály hráčky úder bekhendem v 64 % případů a nejčastější chybou byl zásah do spodního autu na přední stěně (63 %). Tyto zjištěné herní indikátory nám ukazují jaké má charakteristiky herní výkon na elitní squashové úrovni žen. Tyto informace mohou v praxi pomoci trenérům a hráčkám při tvorbě tréninkových jednotek a strategie.
In squash, various strategic and tactical situations arise where the player has to decide how to react and what type of shot to choose. The rally pace is not established in squash. The aim is to find out the game characteristics and rally pace in elite-level women's squash matches at Professional Squash Association tournaments.We watched video recordings of women's matches at the elite level of squash. In total, we analysed 10014 shots in 11 matches. The average number of shots in the women's matches was 12.4 ± 2.5, and the tally pace reached 1.39 ± 0.05 s. There was no statistical significance between winners and losers for the rally pace of specific shots. In terms of shot frequency, the female players hit the backhand shot in 64 % of the cases, and the most common error was when the player hit the ball too low onto the front wall (63 %). These observed game indicators show the characteristics of game performance at the elite women's squash level. In practice, these pieces of information can help coaches and female players to develop training units and strategies.
Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated the positive impact of scaled equipment on the playing performance of young tennis players. Nonetheless, there is a need for further research to explore the impact of scaled equipment on the skill development of beginner adult tennis players. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of ball compression and scale court sizes on the learning of tennis skills of beginner adult tennis players. Methods: Twenty-four beginner players (age 20.9 ± 1.2 years) were randomly divided into a regular ball group (RB, n = 12) and a low-compression ball group (LCB, n = 12) on-court training twice per week for six weeks. The RB played with standard yellow tennis balls, while the LCB used low-compression balls (red, orange, and green) during the intervention. Pre and post-tests included the Tennis-Specific Skills Test (TSST) and the International Tennis Number test (ITN). Results: The results demonstrated that the LCB showed higher technical characteristics after training (p < .05, ηp2 between .18 and .36) except for the mobility assessment (p > .05, ηp2 = .02) and the TSST scores in terms of forehand, backhand, and rally length (p < .05, ηp2 = .16-.19). Conclusions: This study indicates that the LCB might be more suitable equipment to improve technical skills and hitting performances. Practitioners can use the LCB to design an effective training plan, especially for young and adult beginner tennis players.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- raketové sporty MeSH
- sportovní vybavení * klasifikace MeSH
- sportovní výkon MeSH
- tenis MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
Background: In the field of sports, controlling an individual's emotions is an essential skill for effective performance. It is therefore crucial to understand the current situation of athletes and thus provide better training and emotional regulation resources. Objective: The research aims to determine the role of athletic mental energy in psychological resilience and to reveal its relations with each other and with some variables. Methods: The study group of the research consists of a total of 462 athlete-students (age 21.36 ± 1.49 years), 138 (29.9%) females and 324 (70.1%) males. The Brief Resilience Scale and the Athletic Mental Energy Scale (AMES) were used in the study. Descriptive statistics, t-test and multiple linear regression analysis were applied for data analysis. Results: In the research findings, the positive correlation between psychological resilience and all sub-dimensions of the AMES was statistically significant. In the regression model, the significant effect of athletic mental energy on the prediction of psychological resilience was determined (F(6, 455) = 12.06, p < .001, R2 = .14). It was observed that the males' mean scores in the AMES (calmness) sub-dimension and psychological resilience were higher than those of females while females' mean scores in the AMES (motivation) sub-dimension were higher than those of males. Conclusions: In general, we suggest that athletic mental energy contributes significantly to psychological resilience. In addition, it can be said that the predictability of concentration and calmness on psychological resilience is higher than the other sub-dimensions of athletic mental energy.
- MeSH
- analýza dat MeSH
- cvičení psychologie MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- psychická odolnost * MeSH
- sportovci * psychologie MeSH
- sportovní výkon psychologie MeSH
- studenti psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
