Two gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda, Philometridae) were recorded for the first time from marine perciform fishes off Tunisia and Libya: Philometra rara n. sp. from the rare, deep-water Haifa grouper Hyporthodus haifensis (Serranidae) off Libya and Philometra saltatrix Ramachandran, 1973 from the bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Pomatomidae) off Tunisia. Identification of both fish species was confirmed by molecular barcoding. Light and scanning electron microscope studies of Ph. rara n. sp. showed that it is characterized by the length of spicules (216-219 μm) and the gubernaculum (90-93 μm), the gubernaculum/spicules length ratio (1:2.32-2.43), and mainly by the shape and structure of the distal end of the gubernaculum (shovel-shaped with a wide median smooth field in dorsal view), appearing as having a dorsal protuberance in lateral view, and by the structure of the male caudal mound (dorsally interrupted); large subgravid females (70-137 mm long) are characterized by the presence of four oval submedian cephalic elevations, each of them bearing a pair of cephalic papillae of the outer circle. The finding of Ph. saltatrix off Tunisia confirms that this species is widespread throughout the Mediterranean region. A molecular analysis of our Ph. saltatrix specimens and other available philometrid cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) sequences showed that most species have robust clades. Sequences of Ph. saltatrix from Tunisia diverge from Ph. saltatrix from Brazil and the USA, suggesting that speciation is currently occurring between populations from both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.
- MeSH
- Dracunculoidea anatomie a histologie klasifikace genetika ultrastruktura MeSH
- infekce hlísticemi řádu Spirurida epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- nemoci ryb epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- Percoidea genetika parazitologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- taxonomické DNA čárové kódování veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
- Středozemní moře MeSH
- Tunisko MeSH
AIMS: This cross-sectional survey assessed and compared by gender the levels and correlates of achieving the international guidelines recommendations on five forms of physical activity (PA) (walking, moderate PA, vigorous PA, moderate or vigorous PA- MVPA, and muscle-strengthening PA). We examined the associations between achieving the international guidelines recommendations on five forms of PA and a variety of sociodemographic, health and academic performance variables. METHODS: Data was collected across nine Libyan universities (2008-2009, representative sample of 1,300 undergraduates). A self-administered questionnaire assessed frequency and duration of PA/week for each form of PA. Cut-offs for recommended guidelines were set according to the American Heart Association. RESULTS: About 43.7% of students achieved the guidelines for muscle strengthening PA, 20.7% for walking, 11.2% for vigorous PA, 28.5% for MVPA, and 4.8% for moderate PA (excluding walking). Binary logistic regression showed that except for walking, males were consistently associated with achieving the guidelines recommendations for all other forms of PA. Students with higher health awareness were more likely to achieve the guidelines for vigorous PA and muscle strengthening PA. Better academic performance was associated with higher levels of muscle strengthening PA. Students at institutions in the East of Libya were less likely to achieve the guidelines for walking, vigorous PA or muscle strengthening PA as compared to students from the North. Students from the West of Libya were also less likely to walk or to engage in moderate PA than their peers from the North. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, relatively low proportions of students achieved the recommended guidelines of PA. Female students were particularly at risk for low level of PA. Attention is required to national policies that promote active living, along with addressing the cultural, geographic and other barriers to engagement of young adult males and females in PA.
- MeSH
- charakteristiky bydlení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- studenti statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- univerzity * MeSH
- zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- terapie ran pomocí řízeného podtlaku * ošetřování přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
Cílem této studie bylo porovnat úroveň fyzické zdatnosti žáků mladšího školního věku v Libyi v závislosti na podmínkách, které má škola k dispozici při zajištění výuky tělesné výchovy. Aspekty úrovně fyzické zdatnosti byly zjišťovány na třech různých typech základních škol (státní, soukromé a škole pro cizince), a to prostřednictvím dvou testů z testové baterie Fitnessgram zjišťující aerobní a silovou zdatnost. Pro analýzu dat jsme použili jedno-faktorovou analýzu rozptylu (ANOVU), dvou-výběrový T-test a dvou-faktorovou ANOVU. U výkonnosti žáků v aspektu aerobní zdatnosti nebyl na hladině p < 0,05 prokázán signifikantní rozdíl. Z výsledků analýzy dat však byla na hladině p < 0,05 prokázána signifikantně vyšší výkonnost žáků v úrovni silové zdatnosti na státní škole. V další analýze bylo prostřednictvím dvou-výběrového T-testu zjištěno, že tento signifikantní rozdíl byl zapříčiněn významně vyšší výkonností žáků státní školy ve věku 8 let. Pro další výzkum ověřující úroveň fyzické zdatnosti tak nejprve doporučujeme zanalyzovat část výzkumného souboru (děti ve věku 8 let ze státní školy) a zjistit možnou kovariační proměnnou, která mohla způsobit tento signifikantní rozdíl. Ke zjištění komplexního obrazu úrovně fyzické zdatnosti a jejich případných rozdílů mezi jednotlivými typy škol navrhujeme v dalším kroku provést testování výše zmíněných dvou aspektů v těchto vybraných školách v Libyi i u jiných věkových kategorií.
The aim of this study is to compare physical fitness of younger school children in Libya in relation to conditions which a school has available in securing physical education. Aspects of the level of physical fitness were studied in three different types of basic schools (state, private and international) by means of two tests from the Fitnessgram test battery which analyze aerobic and strength fitness. For analyzing the data we made use of One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Two-sample T-test and Two-ways ANOVA. In the aspect of aerobic fitness the analysis did not prove on p-level < 0,05 a significant difference in pupils’ performance. Nevertheless, the analysis results on p-level < 0,05 proved a significantly higher level of performance in the aspect of strength fitness for state school pupils. Further analysis showed by means of a Two-sample T-test that such significant difference was caused by substantially higher fitness of state school pupils of the age of 8. Thus, for further research testing the level of physical fitness we recommend to first analyze a part of the research file (eight-year-old children at a state school) and determine a possible co-variant variable which might cause such a significant difference. For determination of a complex picture of the level of physical fitness and the possible differences between different types of schools we propose in the next step testing the two abovementioned aspects in the selected schools in Libya also within other age categories.
- Klíčová slova
- žáci mladšího školního věku, zdratnost, fitnessprogram,
- MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- školy MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- tělesná výchova * metody MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
- MeSH
- lékařské mise MeSH
- válečná poranění chirurgie MeSH
- výběr pacientů MeSH
- Publikační typ
- rozhovory MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
- MeSH
- komunikace MeSH
- komunikační bariéry MeSH
- kultura MeSH
- lékařské mise MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ošetřovatelská péče MeSH
- transkulturní ošetřovatelství * MeSH
- zdravotní péče - zařízení, personál a služby MeSH
- zdravotní sestry MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
In the year 2004 after the study of relevant literature sources were realized somatic measurement, testing of physical fitness by battery of UNIFITTEST and measurement of sport performance in four track and field disciplines. and questionnaire concerning to the sport and physical education background of Czech and Libyan students before their enroll at Faculty of Physical Education in El-Zawia and Faculty of Sport Studies in Brno. The results of testing, measurement, and questionnaire were elaborated by descriptive, comparative and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), methods and interpreted by figures, photos, tables, graphs etc. The Comparative study of physical fitness and some events in track and field of the Czech and Libyan physical education college students have showed us that Czech student’s were better in all physical fitness ability than Libyan students.
- MeSH
- fyzická vytrvalost MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- sporty MeSH
- studenti MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Libye MeSH
Sport injuries belong to the most common and most serious problems in students of physical education. The objectives of the small pilot study, completed in the sample of female physical education students in Libya (n = 10), were: 1) To identify the most frequent injuries among students specialized in exercises and gymnastics, as regards to type of injury and anatomic location, 2) to identify the main causes of these injuries. The study was realized by means of questionnaires, distributed to 15 female students at the Faculty of physical education in Ghat, Libya, studying the specialization „Exercises and gymnastics“. Totally 10 completely and correctly filled questionnaires were received back, 5 had to be excluded. Results: Totally, there were reported 51 injuries in the examined sample, that is average 5.1 injuries per person. The most frequent injuries were muscle strains (41 % of all reported injuries), and bruises (19 %). Regarding anatomic locations, the most of injuries affected lower limbs (31 % of all injuries), then upper limbs (25 %) and head and trunk (25 %). The most common reported causes of injuries were „insufficient heating“ (reported as a main cause in 20 % of all injuries), „malnutrition“ (14 %), exhaustion and fatigue (14 %), „resuming training after interruption“ (14 %), and „breach of law, security and safety” (12 %). The results of the pilot study indicate that the injuries are very frequent in Libyan students and that their causes are often very specific, probably different from causes of injuries in Czech students. More extensive comparative study is needed.
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- gymnastika MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- sportovní úrazy epidemiologie MeSH
- studenti MeSH
- ženy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
- MeSH
- doškolování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ošetřovatelství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Libye MeSH
