Background: Stereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR) is an emerging treatment modality for patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and refractory to treatment with drugs and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA). It is believed that up to 12-17% of patients experience recurrence of VT within 1 year of follow-up; thus, novel therapeutic options are needed. The aim of this article is to present initial experience within a novel treatment modality for VT. Case Summary: Two patients with a medical history of coronary artery disease and heart failure with reduced left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction, after implantation of cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and previous unsuccessful RFAs owing to sustained VT were admitted to the cardiology department due to recurrence of sustained VT episodes. With electroanatomical mapping (EAM), the VT substrate in LV has been confirmed and specified. In order to determine the target volume for radioablation, contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed and the arrhythmia substrate was contoured using EAM data. Using the Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy technique and three 6 MeV flattening filter-free photon beam fields, a single dose of 25 Gy was delivered to the target volume structure located in the apex and anterior apical segments of LV in the first patient and in the apex, anterolateral and inferior apical segments of the second patient. In both cases, volumes of the target structures were comparable. Interrogation of the implanted ICD at follow-up visits throughout 6 months after the treatment revealed no VT episodes in the first patient and sudden periprocedural increase in VT burden with a subsequent gradual decrease of ventricular arrhythmia to only two non-sustained episodes at the end of the follow-up period in case of the second patient. A significant reduction in premature ventricular contractions burden was observed compared to the pre-treatment period. No noticeable deterioration in LV function was noted, nor any adverse effects of radiosurgery associated with the implanted device. Conclusion: The early response to STAR can be unpredictable and probably does not reflect the final outcome of irradiation. Close monitoring of patients, especially in the early period after irradiation is crucial to properly handle potentially harmful early reactions to STAR.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

From beginning to today, pHealth has been a data driven service that collects and uses personal health information (PHI) for personal health services and personalized healthcare. As a result, pHealth services use intensively ICT technology, sensors, computers and mathematical algorithms. In past, pHealth applications were focused to certain health or sickness related problem, but in today they use mobile devices, wireless networks, Web-technology and Cloud platforms. In future, pHealth uses information systems that are highly distributed, dynamic, increasingly autonomous, multi-stakeholder data driven eco-system having ability to monitor anywhere person's regular life, movements and health related behaviours. Because privacy and trust are pre-requirements for successful pHealth, this development raises huge privacy and trust challenges to be solved. Researchers have shown that current privacy approaches and solutions used in pHealth do not offer acceptable level of privacy, and trust is only an illusion. This indicates, that today's privacy models and technology shall not be moved to the future pHealth. The authors have analysed interesting new privacy and trust ideas published in journals, and found that they seem to be effective but offer only a partial solution. To solve this weakness, the authors used a holistic system view to aspects impacting privacy and trust in pHealth, and created a template that can be used in planning and development future pHealth services. The authors also propose a tentative solution for future trustworthy pHealth. It combines privacy as personal property and trust as legal binding fiducial duty approaches, and uses a Blockchain-based smart contract solution to store person's privacy and trust requirements and service providers' promises.

• MeSH
• důvěra MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítače do ruky MeSH
• počítače MeSH
• soukromí * MeSH
• zdravotní záznamy osobní * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Research on the subject of smart biomaterials has become a cornerstone of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Herein, the authors report on developing magnetic hydrogels that combine high biocompatibility and remarkable activity in magnetic fields. We fabricated magnetic hydrogels based on poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (POx) via living ring-opening cationic polymerization with in-situ embedding of the carbonyl iron (CI) particles. Investigation was made as to the effect exerted by the concentration of CI on magnetic, viscoelastic/magnetorheological properties, the degree of equilibrium swelling, and cytotoxicity. The hydrogels exhibited an open pore structure, as evidenced by computed tomography (CT) imaging. Susceptibility measurements revealed the concentration-dependent field-induced particle restructuration indicating elongation/contraction of the material, thereby determining the potential for magneto-mechanical stimulation of the cells. The POx-based magnetic hydrogels were amphiphilic in character, showing decrease in their capability to hold liquid alongside increase in CI concentration. Viscoelastic measurements suggested that interaction occurred between the particles and matrix based on inconsistency between the experimental storage modulus and the Krieger-Dougherty model. The synthesized materials exhibited excellent biocompatibility toward the 3T3 fibroblast cell line in tests of extract toxicity and direct contact cytotoxicity (ISO standards). The unique combination of properties exhibited by the material - magneto-mechanical activity and biocompatibility - could prove favorable in fields such as biomedicine and biomechanics.

• MeSH
• buňky 3T3 MeSH
• fibroblasty účinky léků   MeSH
• hydrogely chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• magnetické pole MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oxazoly chemická syntéza   chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Today's digital information systems and applications collect every day a huge amount of personal health information (PHI) from sensor and surveillance systems, and every time we use personal computers or mobile phones. Collected data is processed in clouds, platforms and ecosystems by digital algorithms and machine learning. Pervasive technology, insufficient and ineffective privacy legislation, strong ICT industry and low political will to protect data subject's privacy have together made it almost impossible for a user to know what PHI is collected, how it is used and to whom it is disclosed. Service providers' and organizations' privacy policy documents are cumbersome and they do not guarantee that PHI is not misused. Instead, service users are expected to blindly trust in privacy promises made. In spite of that, majority of individuals are concerned of their privacy, and governments' assurance that they meet the responsibility to protect citizens in real life privacy is actually dead. Because PHI is probably the most sensitive data we have, and the authors claim it cannot be a commodity or public good, they have studied novel privacy approaches to find a way out from the current unsatisfactory situation. Based on findings got, the authors have developed a promising solution for privacy-enabled use of PHI. It is a combination of the concept of information fiduciary duty, Privacy as Trust approach, and privacy by smart contract. This approach shifts the onus of privacy protection onto data collectors and service providers. A specific information fiduciary duty law is needed to harmonize privacy requirements and force the acceptance of proposed solutions. Furthermore, the authors have studied strengths and weaknesses of existing or emerging solutions.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• důvěra MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• soukromí * MeSH
• zdravotní záznamy osobní * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

There exists no examination of what is the minimum anti-hypertensive threshold intensity for isometric exercise training. Twenty two normotensive participants were randomly assigned to training intensities at either 5 % or 10 % of their maximal contraction. Twenty participants completed the study. Clinical meaningful, but not statistically significant, reductions in systolic blood pressure were observed in both 5 % and 10 % groups -4.04 mm Hg (95 % CI -8.67 to +0.59, p=0.08) and -5.62 mm Hg (95 % CI -11.5 to +0.29, p=0.06) respectively after 6 weeks training. No diastolic blood pressure reductions were observed in either 5 % -0.97 mm Hg (95 % CI -2.56 to +0.62, p=0.20) or 10 % MVC +1.8 mm Hg (95 % CI -1.29 to +4.89, p=0.22) groups respectively after training. In those unable to complete isometric exercise at the traditional 30 % intensity, our results suggest there is no difference between 5 and 10 % groups and based on the principle of regression to the mean, this could mean both interventions induce a similar placebo-effect.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze terapie   MeSH
• isometrická kontrakce * MeSH
• krevní tlak * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• síla ruky fyziologie   MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• terapie cvičením * MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The aim of this work was to predict blood flow responses to rhythmic handgrip exercise from one second isometric contractions. Seven healthy men were studied. Each subject performed a single 1 s handgrip contraction at 10 %, 20 % and 40 % of the maximum handgrip strength. We then repeatedly summed hyperaemic responses from single contractions to predict hyperaemic response to a prolonged bout of rhythmic exercise. There was similarity between steady state brachial blood flow velocity (BBV) extrapolated from single handgrip contractions and during 2 min of rhythmic exercise for 20 % (10.0+/-3.8 cm/s vs. 10.2+/-2.6 cm/s, r=0.93, p=0.003) and 40 % of maximum contractions (14.2+/-5.5 cm/s vs. 15.6+/-3.4 cm/s, r=0.88, p=0.009), but not for 10 % (7.5+/-4.1 cm/s vs. 5.7+/-3.3 cm/s, r=0.94, p=0.018). BBV progressively rose substantially higher during rhythmic contractions than peak BBV observed during single contractions at matched intensity. Respective peak BBV during single contractions and steady state BBV rhythmic contractions were 4.4+/-2.1 and 5.7+/-3.3 cm.s(-1) at 10 % forearm strength (p=0.14), 5.6+/-2.4 and 10.2+/-2.8 cm.s(-1) at 20 % (p=0.002), and 7.0+/-2.5 and 15.6+/-3.6 cm.s(-1) at 40 % (p=0.003). In conclusion, there is similarity between the summated blood flow velocity calculated from a single 1 s muscle contraction and the steady state blood flow velocity response of rhythmic exercise.

• MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• hyperemie etiologie   MeSH
• ischemie etiologie   MeSH
• isometrická kontrakce * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• regionální krevní průtok * MeSH
• ruka krevní zásobení   MeSH
• rychlost toku krve MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This work is focused on problematic of biopotential signals measurements (EXG) using powerful SMART sensor system, composed of portable units, intended for in-time wireless measurement and evaluation of electrical activity, produced by skeletal muscles, human heart or brain. Here, we discuss very precise measurement features, which characterize this device (high gain, low noise, wireless data transfer, multi-probe measuring), some special features as low voltage and ultra-low power consumption were reached by application of the described amplifier in order to achieve its longer performance for daily use. It brings a lot of advantages to biomedical electronics and medical care. In order to optimize the performance of novel proposed smart biomedical instrument in our experimental part we have focused on measurement of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal to force ratio. These sEMG signals can illuminate our understanding of how the brain controls muscles to generate force and produce movement and can be used in such applications like as training of athletes, controlling robots, monitoring the physical capabilities of patients with motor disorders etc.

• MeSH
• bezdrátová technologie * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• elektrody MeSH
• elektromyografie * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• isometrická kontrakce fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačové zpracování signálu přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• svalová kontrakce * fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová únava fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• chirurgie dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny lékařství MeSH
• vojenské lékařství dějiny   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• dějiny lékařství
• vojenské lékařství