Background: Collecting data on the localization of users is a key issue for the MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel networK: the Allergy Diary) App. Data anonymization is a method of sanitization for privacy. The European Commission's Article 29 Working Party stated that geolocation information is personal data.To assess geolocation using the MASK method and to compare two anonymization methods in the MASK database to find an optimal privacy method. Methods: Geolocation was studied for all people who used the Allergy Diary App from December 2015 to November 2017 and who reported medical outcomes. Two different anonymization methods have been evaluated: Noise addition (randomization) and k-anonymity (generalization). Results: Ninety-three thousand one hundred and sixteen days of VAS were collected from 8535 users and 54,500 (58.5%) were geolocalized, corresponding to 5428 users. Noise addition was found to be less accurate than k-anonymity using MASK data to protect the users' life privacy. Discussion: k-anonymity is an acceptable method for the anonymization of MASK data and results can be used for other databases.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Currently, the deployment of tracking devices is one of the most frequently used approaches to study movement ecology of birds. Recent miniaturization of light-level geolocators enabled studying small bird species whose migratory patterns were widely unknown. However, geolocators may reduce vital rates in tagged birds and may bias obtained movement data. There is a need for a thorough assessment of the potential tag effects on small birds, as previous meta-analyses did not evaluate unpublished data and impact of multiple life-history traits, focused mainly on large species and the number of published studies tagging small birds has increased substantially. We quantitatively reviewed 549 records extracted from 74 published and 48 unpublished studies on over 7,800 tagged and 17,800 control individuals to examine the effects of geolocator tagging on small bird species (body mass <100 g). We calculated the effect of tagging on apparent survival, condition, phenology and breeding performance and identified the most important predictors of the magnitude of effect sizes. Even though the effects were not statistically significant in phylogenetically controlled models, we found a weak negative impact of geolocators on apparent survival. The negative effect on apparent survival was stronger with increasing relative load of the device and with geolocators attached using elastic harnesses. Moreover, tagging effects were stronger in smaller species. In conclusion, we found a weak effect on apparent survival of tagged birds and managed to pinpoint key aspects and drivers of tagging effects. We provide recommendations for establishing matched control group for proper effect size assessment in future studies and outline various aspects of tagging that need further investigation. Finally, our results encourage further use of geolocators on small bird species but the ethical aspects and scientific benefits should always be considered.

• MeSH
• Phylogeny MeSH
• Animal Migration * MeSH
• Birds * MeSH
• Publication Bias MeSH
• Seasons MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Meta-Analysis MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Otázka propagace vlastní práce a použití marketingových nástrojů pro zlepšení poptávky po nabízených službách je na českém trhu zdravotní péče opomíjena. Situace, kdy bude nutné přímo oslovovat klienty a nabízet jim své služby, se nezadržitelně blíží, spolu s liberalizací českého zdravotnictví. Seznámení se s nástroji vlastní propagace prostřednictvím sociálních sítí, geolokačních her a hyperlokálního zpravodajství a následné vytvoření obousměrné komunikace se svými klienty je snadným způsobem jak získat náskok nad svými konkurenty.

Promotion of our work and the use of marketing tools for improving the demand for services on the Czech health care market are strongly neglected. Along with the liberalization of the Czech healthcare system, situations will arise where it will be necessary to address customers directly, in addition to offering them your services. Getting familiar with the marketing tools of promotion through social networks, geolocation application, games, and the use of hyperlocal news is necessary in creating a two-way communication with consumers. Using these marketing tools will allow you to gain and maintain an edge over your competitors

• MeSH
• Advertising * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Social Networking MeSH
• Public Health * methods   trends   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Tvoříte weby a chcete zaujmout co nejširší publikum? Je pro vás dostupnost webu z co nejvíce zařízení klíčová? Připravte svůj web pro široké publikum přistupující na něj z nejrůznějších prohlížečů a zařízení. V jedenácti kapitolách se seznámíte s technikami a nástroji, jak navrhovat webové stránky tak, aby fungovali na mnoha různých zařízeních, nebo aby se naopak danému přístroji přizpůsobily a nabídly maximální uživatelský komfort a zážitek. Vaši webovou prezentaci připravíte pro návštěvníky tak, že poskytne hledané informace bez ohledu na to, zda se na ni dívají v prohlížeči na počítači, mobilu, tabletu nebo třeba chytré televizi. V závěru každé kapitoly pak najdete odkazy na další zdroje s hodnotnými informacemi o tvorbě webů.

• MeSH
• Internet MeSH

• Conspectus
• Programové vybavení. Programové prostředky
• NML Publication type
• příručky

Each year, billions of songbirds cross large ecological barriers during their migration. Understanding how they perform this incredible task is crucial to predict how global change may threaten the safety of such journeys. Earlier studies based on radar suggested that most songbirds cross deserts in intermittent flights at high altitude, stopping in the desert during the day, while recent tracking with light loggers suggested diurnal prolongation of nocturnal flights and common non-stop flights for some species. We analyzed light intensity and temperature data obtained from geolocation loggers deployed on 130 individuals of ten migratory songbird species, and show that a large variety of strategies for crossing deserts exists between, but also sometimes within species. Diurnal stopover in the desert is a common strategy in autumn, while most species prolonged some nocturnal flights into the day. Non-stop flights over the desert occurred more frequently in spring than in autumn, and more frequently in foliage gleaners. Temperature recordings suggest that songbirds crossed deserts with flight bouts performed at various altitudes according to species and season, along a gradient ranging from low above ground in autumn to probably >2000 m above ground level, and possibly at higher altitude in spring. High-altitude flights are therefore not the general rule for crossing deserts in migrant songbirds. We conclude that a diversity of migration strategies exists for desert crossing among songbirds, with variations between but also within species.

• MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Circadian Rhythm physiology   MeSH
• Species Specificity MeSH
• Geographic Information Systems MeSH
• Flight, Animal physiology   MeSH
• Animal Migration physiology   MeSH
• Altitude MeSH
• Desert Climate * MeSH
• Seasons MeSH
• Light MeSH
• Temperature MeSH
• Environment * MeSH
• Songbirds classification   physiology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Tato kniha provede čtenáře krok za krokem vývojem nativních mobilních aplikací pro iPhone, nejúspěšnější mobilní platformu současnosti. Autor popisuje krok za krokem kompletní postup vývoje mobilní aplikace, od instalace vývojového prostředí, představení úspěšného frameworku Phonegap a Jquery Mobile, jeho vlastností a funkcí a názorně Vás provede krok po kroku vytvořením typické iPhone aplikace, testování na zařízení i emulátoru a její následný upload do Apple Appstore.Čtenář se tak naučí vše potřebné pro vývoj vlastních mobilních aplikací pro iPhone schopných využívat moderní technologie jako GPS, kompas, fotoaparát, souborový systém, vzdálená práce s daty a mnohé další za použití HTML5 a Javasrciptu.

Over decades it has been unclear how individual migratory songbirds cross large ecological barriers such as seas or deserts. By deploying light-level geolocators on four songbird species weighing only about 12 g, we found that these otherwise mainly nocturnal migrants seem to regularly extend their nocturnal flights into the day when crossing the Sahara Desert and the Mediterranean Sea. The proportion of the proposed diurnally flying birds gradually declined over the day with similar landing patterns in autumn and spring. The prolonged flights were slightly more frequent in spring than in autumn, suggesting tighter migratory schedules when returning to breeding sites. Often we found several patterns for barrier crossing for the same individual in autumn compared to the spring journey. As only a small proportion of the birds flew strictly during the night and even some individuals might have flown non-stop, we suggest that prolonged endurance flights are not an exception even in small migratory species. We emphasise an individual's ability to perform both diurnal and nocturnal migration when facing the challenge of crossing a large ecological barrier to successfully complete a migratory journey.

• MeSH
• Breeding MeSH
• Geographic Information Systems MeSH
• Flight, Animal physiology   MeSH
• Animal Migration physiology   MeSH
• Songbirds physiology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Africa, Northern MeSH
• Mediterranean Sea MeSH