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Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, ISSN 0720-4299 Jahrg. 73, Sonderheft 1, November 2005
110 s. : il., tab. ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- diagnostické techniky neurologické MeSH
- schizofrenie a poruchy s psychotickými rysy farmakoterapie etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- sborníky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Psychiatrie
- NLK Obory
- psychiatrie
- neurologie
Clinics in plastic surgery ; Vol. 23 Nr. 4
XII, 511-760 s. : bar.fot., obr., tab., grafy ; 28 cm
- Konspekt
- Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
- NLK Obory
- chirurgie
Clinics in plastic surgery, ISSN 0094-1298 vol. 11, no. 3, July 1984
vii, 391-568 s. : il., tab. ; 26 cm
- MeSH
- lipektomie trendy MeSH
- obezita chirurgie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie metody MeSH
- změny tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- Publikační typ
- sborníky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
- NLK Obory
- plastická chirurgie
15, 466 s.
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- hematologie a transfuzní lékařství
II, 283 s., [2] l. obr. příl. : il. ; 22 cm
- Konspekt
- Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
- NLK Obory
- endokrinologie
- chirurgie
BACKGROUND: Current plant--herbivore interaction models and experiments with mammalian herbivores grazing plant monocultures show the superiority of a maximizing forage quality strategy (MFQ) over a maximizing intake strategy (MI). However, there is a lack of evidence whether grazers comply with the model predictions under field conditions. METHODOLOGY/FINDINGS: We assessed diet selection of sheep (Ovis aries) using plant functional traits in productive mesic vs. low-productivity dry species-rich grasslands dominated by resource-exploitative vs. resource-conservative species respectively. Each grassland type was studied in two replicates for two years. We investigated the first grazing cycle in a set of 288 plots with a diameter of 30 cm, i.e. the size of sheep feeding station. In mesic grasslands, high plot defoliation was associated with community weighted means of leaf traits referring to high forage quality, i.e. low leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and high specific leaf area (SLA), with a high proportion of legumes and the most with high community weighted mean of forage indicator value. In contrast in dry grasslands, high community weighted mean of canopy height, an estimate of forage quantity, was the best predictor of plot defoliation. Similar differences in selection on forage quality vs. quantity were detected within plots. Sheep selected plants with higher forage indicator values than the plot specific community weighted mean of forage indicator value in mesic grasslands whereas taller plants were selected in dry grasslands. However, at this scale sheep avoided legumes and plants with higher SLA, preferred plants with higher LDMC while grazing plants with higher forage indicator values in mesic grasslands. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that MFQ appears superior over MI only in habitats with a predominance of resource-exploitative species. Furthermore, plant functional traits (LDMC, SLA, nitrogen fixer) seem to be helpful correlates of forage quality only at the community level.
- MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- býložravci fyziologie MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- ekosystém * MeSH
- kvantitativní znak dědičný * MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- lipnicovité fyziologie MeSH
- ovce fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
sv.
- MeSH
- neurologie MeSH
- psychiatrie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- periodika MeSH
- Konspekt
- Psychiatrie
- NLK Obory
- neurologie
- psychiatrie
46 stran, 9 nečíslovaných listů obrazové přílohy : ilustrace ; 23 cm
- Klíčová slova
- Privatheilanstalt "Schweizerhof" bei Graz,
- MeSH
- řízení zdravotnických zařízení MeSH
- služby péče o duševní zdraví MeSH
- soukromá zdravotnická zařízení MeSH
- ústavy pro duševně nemocné MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příležitostné publikace MeSH
- zprávy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rakousko MeSH
- Konspekt
- Psychiatrie
- NLK Obory
- psychiatrie
The growth rate is a fundamental characteristic of bacterial species, determining its contributions to the microbial community and carbon flow. High-throughput sequencing can reveal bacterial diversity, but its quantitative inaccuracy precludes estimation of abundances and growth rates from the read numbers. Here, we overcame this limitation by normalizing Illumina-derived amplicon reads using an internal standard: a constant amount of Escherichia coli cells added to samples just before biomass collection. This approach made it possible to reconstruct growth curves for 319 individual OTUs during the grazer-removal experiment conducted in a freshwater reservoir Římov. The high resolution data signalize significant functional heterogeneity inside the commonly investigated bacterial groups. For instance, many Actinobacterial phylotypes, a group considered to harbor slow-growing defense specialists, grew rapidly upon grazers' removal, demonstrating their considerable importance in carbon flow through food webs, while most Verrucomicrobial phylotypes were particle associated. Such differences indicate distinct life strategies and roles in food webs of specific bacterial phylotypes and groups. The impact of grazers on the specific growth rate distributions supports the hypothesis that bacterivory reduces competition and allows existence of diverse bacterial communities. It suggests that the community changes were driven mainly by abundant, fast, or moderately growing, and not by rare fast growing, phylotypes. We believe amplicon read normalization using internal standard (ARNIS) can shed new light on in situ growth dynamics of both abundant and rare bacteria.
117 s. : obr., tab.
