BACKGROUND: Manufacturers and diagnostic companies often recommend on-site verification of analytical performance in the clinical laboratory. The validation process used by manufacturers is rarely described in detail, and certain information on analytical performance is missing from the product sheet, especially for immunoanalytical methods. We describe an approach to the detailed validation of an ELISA method for the measurement of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plasma concentrations. We compared manufacturers' claims of analytical performance with data obtained in the field laboratory using several approaches. METHODS: We used the Human Proprotein Convertase 9/PCSK9 Quantikine ELISA diagnostic kit (R&D systems, Bio-Techne Ltd., Abingdon Science Park, Abingdon, UK) and three levels of quality control solution Quantikine Immunoassay Control Group 235 (R&D systems, Bio-Techne Ltd., Abingdon Science Park, Abingdon, UK) to verify precision. We measured the concentration of PCSK9 using the DS2 ELISA Reader (Dynex Technologies GmbH, Denkendorf, Germany). We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the R statistical package (R core team, version 1.4.5). Statistical analysis and terminology were performed according to protocol CLSI EP15-A3, and the reference interval was checked according to CLSI/IFCC C28-A3c. RESULTS: We found a significant difference between the manufacturer's claims of analytical performance and real data measured in the routine clinical laboratory. The calculated CV (%) for repeatability (calculated by simple estimation of the mean and SD, as used by the manufacturer) was between 5.5% and 7.4%, but the manufacturer's claim was between 4.1% and 6.5%. Using ANOVA, the true repeatability was between 5.0% and 6.9%. Similarly, ANOVA revealed values of CV (%) for within-laboratory imprecision between 6.5% and 9.1%, while the manufacturer's claims were between 4.1% and 5.9%. The recovery ranged from 105.5% to 121.8%. The manufacturer's recommended reference interval was checked and we didn't find any significant difference between men and women. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a comprehensive approach to verify the analytical performance of an ELISA method using the measurement of PCSK9 plasma concentration as an example. We found differences between the results of this approach based on the CLSI EP15-A3 protocol and data provided by the manufacturer. We recommend the verification of analytical performance by more complex statistical tools in laboratory practice.
- MeSH
- ELISA * normy metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proproteinkonvertasa subtilisin/kexin typu 9 * krev imunologie MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy normy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- řízení kvality MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- MeSH
- akreditace MeSH
- dokumentace normy trendy MeSH
- Evropská unie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy * klasifikace normy MeSH
- referenční standardy MeSH
- řízení kvality MeSH
- řízení rizik metody normy MeSH
- schvalování diagnostických testů normy MeSH
- směrnice jako téma MeSH
- zdravotnické prostředky normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- akreditace MeSH
- bezpečnost vybavení normy MeSH
- dokumentace * normy MeSH
- klinické laboratoře normy zásobování a distribuce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy * normy MeSH
- řízení kvality MeSH
- směrnice jako téma MeSH
- zdravotnické prostředky klasifikace normy zásobování a distribuce MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: The Xpert® MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) has been in routine use in Odessa Oblast, a region with the highest tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Ukraine, since 2013. We assessed the performance of the assay in routine settings and evaluated its effect on treatment outcomes. RESULTS: The sensitivity of Xpert for TB detection was 93.7% (1165/1243) and 69.5% (448/645) for smear-positive and smear-negative sputum specimens, respectively, and its sensitivity for rifampicin resistance was 93.4% (1212/1298). Median time to TB detection using the Xpert assay was 0 days. Treatment initiation within 1 week increased the proportion of successful outcomes (60.1% versus 25.9%, RR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.46-2.42), but the introduction of Xpert MTB/RIF has not led to a significant improvement in treatment outcomes (57.2% versus 46.2%; RR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.77-1.12). CONCLUSION: Performance characteristics of the Xpert assay demonstrated during its routine implementation in an area of high TB and drug-resistant TB incidence in Ukraine were in line with those demonstrated in similar settings elsewhere. Rollout of rapid molecular testing may lead to better treatment results provided that it is implemented in conjunction with other programmatic improvements.
- MeSH
- antituberkulózní antibiotika farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence * MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární normy MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- multirezistentní tuberkulóza diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis účinky léků genetika MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy normy MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- tuberkulóza diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Ukrajina MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Owing to the invasiveness of endoscopy, the use of biomarkers, especially faecal calprotectin (FC), has become standard for remission assessment. This study aimed to compare the accuracy for detection of endoscopic activity using recently developed FC home test using smartphone application (FC-IBDoc) against standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). METHODS: In all, 102 consecutive observations (89 participants) were included in prospective observational study. FC-IBDoc was performed parallelly with FC-ELISA in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease indicated for endoscopy. Both tests were performed by trained staff. Mucosal healing was defined using Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn disease (CD) ≤2 in patients with CD (n = 44), ulcerative colitis (UC) Endoscopic Index of Severity ≤4 in patients with UC (n = 27) and Rutgeerts score i0 and i1 without colon involvement in patients with CD after ileocaecal resection (n = 19). RESULTS: Out of 102 endoscopic findings 23 were assessed as mucosal healing. We found an association of the mucosal healing scores of the entire group both with FC-ELISA (P = 0.002) and FC-IBDoc (P = 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for FC-ELISA was 0.883 (95% confidence interval 0.807-0.960), with optimal cut-off at 136.5 μg/g. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for FC-IBDoc was 0.792 (95% confidence interval 0.688-0.895) with optimal cut-off at 48 μg/g. The FC-ELISA was more accurate than FC-IBDoc when tested by a Delong test (P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Standard FC-ELISA for FC evaluation is more reliable predictor of mucosal healing than the FC-IBDoc in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The cut-off values for both tests were incongruous.
- MeSH
- biologické markery analýza MeSH
- chytrý telefon MeSH
- Crohnova nemoc diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- feces chemie MeSH
- gastrointestinální endoskopie MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- leukocytární L1-antigenní komplex analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mobilní aplikace MeSH
- péče o sebe MeSH
- plocha pod křivkou MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy normy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- ROC křivka MeSH
- střevní sliznice diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- ulcerózní kolitida diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Circulating cell-free microRNAs are promising candidates for minimally invasive clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of many human diseases. Despite substantial efforts invested in the field, the research so far has failed to deliver expected results. One of the contributing factors is general lack of agreement between various studies, partly due to the considerable technical challenges accompanying the workflow. Pre-analytical variables including sample collection, RNA isolation, and quantification are sources of bias that may hamper biological interpretation of the results. Here, we present a Two-tailed RT-qPCR panel for quality control, monitoring of technical performance, and optimization of microRNA profiling experiments from biofluid samples. The Two-tailed QC (quality control) panel is based on two sets of synthetic spike-in molecules and three endogenous microRNAs that are quantified with the highly specific Two-tailed RT-qPCR technology. The QC panel is a cost-effective way to assess quality of isolated microRNA, degree of inhibition, and erythrocyte contamination to ensure technical soundness of the obtained results. We provide assay sequences, detailed experimental protocol and guide to data interpretation. The application of the QC panel is demonstrated on the optimization of RNA isolation from biofluids with the miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Advanced Kit (Qiagen).
- MeSH
- analýza nákladů a výnosů MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- cirkulující mikroRNA krev izolace a purifikace MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce ekonomika přístrojové vybavení metody normy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy normy MeSH
- řízení kvality * MeSH
- studie proveditelnosti MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Here we show that a commercial blocking reagent (G2) based on modified eukaryotic DNA significantly improved DNA extraction efficiency. We subjected G2 to an inter-laboratory testing, where DNA was extracted from the same clay subsoil using the same batch of kits. The inter-laboratory extraction campaign revealed large variation among the participating laboratories, but the reagent increased the number of PCR-amplified16S rRNA genes recovered from biomass naturally present in the soils by one log unit. An extensive sequencing approach demonstrated that the blocking reagent was free of contaminating DNA, and may therefore also be used in metagenomics studies that require direct sequencing.
- MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- jíl MeSH
- kontaminace DNA MeSH
- laboratoře MeSH
- metagenomika MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy normy MeSH
- ribozomální DNA genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Uvádíme recentní literární data o variabilitě výsledků laboratorních měření, způsobené změnami šarží reagencií, reagenčních systémů a kalibrátorů (lot-to-lot variation). Tato variabilita může být u některých analytů a metod měření velmi významná a je například popsána její velikost, přesahující 10%. Důsledky pro diagnostiku a pro hodnocení analytické kvality jsou významné. V případě glukometrů je variabilita mezi šaržemi reagencií aplikována do příslušné normy kvality ISO 15197, v ostatních případech však nebylo dosud její hodnocení a aplikace obvyklé. V sdělení uvádíme současné možnosti vyhodnocování těchto variací v hodnoceních různých šarží reagencií a kalibrátorů a v některých mezilaboratorních pokusech (Empower). Vyhodnocování variabilit mezi šaržemi by mělo být regulérní součástí procesů verifikace laboratorních metod a součástí verifikačních protokolů při akreditacích.
We deals with recently published data on the lot-to-lot variation in laboratory measurements by some important analytes. This variability can reach in some cases more than 10%. We discuss possible significant impacts for diagnostic processes and also for external quality assessment. Lot-to-lot variability in the diagnostic strips of glucose POCT and self-monitoring measurement systems are applied as integral part of ISO 15197 standard. We introduce ways and possibilities for establishment and assessment of these variations. Quantification and documentation of lot-to-lot variation is necessary tool for verification of measurement methods in clinical laboratories.
BACKGROUND: Fourth-generation HIV assays detect both antigen and antibody, facilitating detection of acute/early HIV infection. The Bio-Rad GS HIV Combo Ag/Ab assay (Bio-Rad Combo) is an enzyme immunoassay that simultaneously detects HIV p24 antigen and antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in serum or plasma. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the Bio-Rad Combo assay for detection of HIV infection in adults from Southern Africa. STUDY DESIGN: Samples were obtained from adults in Soweto and Vulindlela, South Africa and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (300 HIV-positive samples; 300 HIV-negative samples; 12 samples from individuals previously classified as having acute/early HIV infection). The samples were tested with the Bio-Rad Combo assay. Additional testing was performed to characterize the 12 acute/early samples. RESULTS: All 300 HIV-positive samples were reactive using the Bio-Rad Combo assay; false positive test results were obtained for 10 (3.3%) of the HIV-negative samples (sensitivity: 100%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 98.8-100%); specificity: 96.7%, 95% CI: 94.0-98.4%). The assay detected 10 of the 12 infections classified as acute/early. The two infections that were not detected had viral loads<400 copies/mL; one of those samples contained antiretroviral drugs consistent with antiretroviral therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The Bio-Rad Combo assay correctly classified the majority of study specimens. The specificity reported here may be higher than that seen in other settings, since HIV-negative samples were pre-screened using a different fourth-generation test. The assay also had high sensitivity for detection of acute/early infection. False-negative test results may be obtained in individuals who are virally suppressed.
- MeSH
- HIV antigeny * imunologie MeSH
- HIV infekce diagnóza imunologie virologie MeSH
- HIV korový protein p24 imunologie MeSH
- HIV protilátky * imunologie MeSH
- HIV-1 imunologie MeSH
- HIV-2 imunologie MeSH
- HIV imunologie MeSH
- imunoenzymatické techniky * metody normy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy * normy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- jižní Afrika MeSH
Autoři podávají přehled o možnosti laboratorního monitorování nových perorálních antikoagulancií (přímých inhibitorů F Xa rivaroxabanu a apixabanu a přímého inhibitoru trombinu dabigatranu) v případě potřeby a volba příslušných koagulačních testů, které je dnes možné použít v klinické praxi.
An overview of the options for laboratory monitoring of the new oral anticoagulants (the direct Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban and apixaban and the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran), and selection of appropriate coagulation tests that can be used in clinical practice are presented.
- Klíčová slova
- laboratorní testy, test inhibice faktoru Xa, Rotachrom test - anti FXa, apixaban,
- MeSH
- antikoagulancia * krev terapeutické užití MeSH
- antitrombiny farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- aplikace orální * MeSH
- benzimidazoly farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- beta-alanin analogy a deriváty farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- dabigatran MeSH
- faktor Xa analýza farmakokinetika MeSH
- hemokoagulace účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory faktoru Xa MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování léčiv metody normy MeSH
- morfoliny farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- protrombinový čas normy MeSH
- pyrazoly farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- pyridony farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy normy využití MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- rivaroxaban MeSH
- thiofeny farmakokinetika krev MeSH
- trombinový čas normy MeSH
- vyšetření krevní srážlivosti * normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH