Resistant bacteria may leave the hospital environment through wastewater. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, due to its intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics and its ability to easily acquire antibiotic resistance determinants, poses a significant threat to public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of cultivated P. aeruginosa in untreated hospital effluents in the Czech Republic. Fifty-nine P. aeruginosa strains isolated from six hospital wastewaters were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility through the disc diffusion method against seven antimicrobial agents. Resistance was found in all antibiotics tested. The highest resistance values were observed for ciprofloxacin (30.5%), gentamicin (28.8%), and meropenem (27.2%). The P. aeruginosa isolates also exhibited resistance to ceftazidime (11.5%), amikacin (11.5%), piperacillin-tazobactam (11.5%), and aztreonam (8.5%). Seventeen strains of P. aeruginosa (28.8%) were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The results of this study revealed that antibiotic-resistant strains are commonly present in hospital wastewater and are resistant to clinically relevant antipseudomonal drugs. In the absence of an appropriate treatment process for hospital wastewater, resistant bacteria are released directly into public sewer networks, where they can serve as potential vectors for the spread of antibiotic resistance.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- odpadní voda mikrobiologie MeSH
- pseudomonádové infekce * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Out of six samples of wastewater produced in the dairy industry, taken in 2017 at various places of dairy operations, 86 bacterial strains showing decarboxylase activity were isolated. From the wastewater samples, the species of genera Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Microbacterium, Kocuria, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacter were identified by the MALDI-TOF MS and biochemical methods. The in vitro produced quantity of eight biogenic amines (BAs) was detected by the HPLC/UV-Vis method. All the isolated bacteria were able to produce four to eight BAs. Tyramine, putrescine and cadaverine belonged to the most frequently produced BAs. Of the isolated bacteria, 41% were able to produce BAs in amounts >100 mg L-1. Therefore, wastewater embodies a potential vector of transmission of decarboxylase positive microorganisms, which should be taken into consideration in hazard analyses within foodstuff safety control. The parameters of this wastewater (contents of nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, and proteins) were also monitored.
- MeSH
- Acinetobacter MeSH
- Aeromonas MeSH
- biogenní aminy chemie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Enterobacter MeSH
- Enterococcus MeSH
- karboxylyasy chemie MeSH
- Klebsiella MeSH
- Lactobacillus MeSH
- Lactococcus MeSH
- Microbacterium MeSH
- mikrobiologie vody MeSH
- mlékárenství * MeSH
- odpadní voda analýza mikrobiologie MeSH
- Pediococcus MeSH
- Pseudomonas MeSH
- spektrofotometrie ultrafialová MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
- Staphylococcus MeSH
- Streptococcus MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Discharge of urban stormwater containing organic matter, heavy metals and sometime human feces, to the natural aquatic reservoirs without any treatment is not only an environmental problem. It can lead to prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in stormwater systems and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes to the environment. We performed antibiotic resistome identification and virus detection in stormwater samples from Stockholm, using publicly available metagenomic sequencing MinION data. A MinION platform offers low-cost, precise environmental metagenomics analysis. 37 groups of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), 11 resistance types with 26 resistance mechanisms - antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) giving tolerance to the aminoglycoside, beta-lactams, fosmidomycin, MLS, multidrug and vancomycin were identified using ARGpore pipeline. The majority of the identified bacteria species were related to the natural environment such as soil and were not dangerous to human. Alarmingly, human pathogenic bacteria carrying resistance to antibiotics currently used against them (Bordetella resistant to macrolides and multidrug resistant Propionibacterium avidum) were also found in the samples. Most abundant viruses identified belonged to Caudovirales and Herpesvirales and they were not carrying ARGs. Unlike the virome, resistome and ARB were not unique for stormwater sampling points. This results underline the need for extensive monitoring of the microbial community structure in the urban stormwater systems to assess antimicrobial resistance spread.
- MeSH
- Bacteria účinky léků MeSH
- bakteriální geny účinky léků MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamy MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- makrolidy MeSH
- metagenom * MeSH
- metagenomika metody MeSH
- mikrobiota účinky léků MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- odpadní voda mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Various types of micropollutants, e.g., pharmaceuticals and their metabolites and resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms, are usually found in hospital wastewaters. The aim of this paper was to study the presence of 74 frequently used pharmaceuticals, legal and illegal drugs, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in 5 hospital wastewaters in Slovakia and Czechia and to compare the efficiency of several advanced oxidations processes (AOPs) for sanitation and treatment of such highly polluted wastewaters. The occurrence of micropollutants and antibiotic-resistant bacteria was investigated by in-line SPE-LC-MS/MS technique and cultivation on antibiotic and antibiotic-free selective diagnostic media, respectively. The highest maximum concentrations were found for cotinine (6700 ng/L), bisoprolol (5200 ng/L), metoprolol (2600 ng/L), tramadol (2400 ng/L), sulfamethoxazole (1500 ng/L), and ranitidine (1400 ng/L). In the second part of the study, different advanced oxidation processes, modified Fenton reaction, ferrate(VI), and oxidation by boron-doped diamond electrode were tested in order to eliminate the abovementioned pollutants. Obtained results indicate that the modified Fenton reaction and application of boron-doped diamond electrode were able to eliminate almost the whole spectrum of selected micropollutants with efficiency higher than 90%. All studied methods achieved complete removal of the antibiotic-resistant bacteria present in hospital wastewaters.
- MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- bor MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
- diamant MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- léčivé přípravky analýza MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- odpad tekutý - odstraňování přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- odpadní voda analýza chemie mikrobiologie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- peroxid vodíku chemie MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- zakázané drogy analýza MeSH
- zdravotnický odpad MeSH
- železo chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Brown mud, as a waste product of the industrial process of aluminum production, represents a great environmental burden due to its toxicity to living organisms. However, some microorganisms are able to survive in this habitat, and they can be used in bioremediation processes. Traditional cultivation methods have a limited capacity to characterize bacterial composition in environmental samples. Recently, next-generation sequencing methods have provided new perspectives on microbial community studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the bacterial community in the drainage water of brown mud disposal site near Žiar nad Hronom (Banská Bystrica region, Slovakia) using 454 pyrosequencing. We obtained 9964 sequences assigned to 163 operational taxonomic units belonging to 10 bacterial phyla. The phylum Proteobacteria showed the highest abundance (80.39%) within the bacterial community, followed by Firmicutes (13.05%) and Bacteroidetes (5.64%). Other bacterial phyla showed an abundance lower than 1%. The classification yielded 85 genera. Sulfurospirillum spp. (45.19%) dominated the bacterial population, followed by Pseudomonas spp. (13.76%) and Exiguobacterium spp. (13.02%). These results indicate that high heavy metals content, high pH, and lack of essential nutrients are the drivers of a dramatic reduction of diversity in the bacterial population in this environment.
- MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- biodiverzita * MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza metabolismus MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- fyziologie bakterií * MeSH
- hutnictví MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- mikrobiální společenstva genetika MeSH
- odpadní voda chemie mikrobiologie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- těžké kovy analýza metabolismus MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Environmental pollutants, including antibiotics (ATBs), have become an increasingly common health hazard in the last several decades. Overdose and abuse of ATBs led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), which represent a serious health threat. Moreover, water bodies and reservoirs are places where a wide range of bacterial species with ARGs originate, owing to the strong selective pressure from presence of ATB residues. In this regard, graphene oxide (GO) has been utilised in several fields including remediation of the environment. In this review, we present a brief overview of resistant genes of frequently used ATBs, their occurrence in the environment and their behaviour. Further, we discussed the factors influencing the binding of nucleic acids and the response of ARGs to GO, including the presence of salts in the water environment or water pH, because of intrinsic properties of GO of not only binding to nucleic acids but also catalysing their decomposition. This would be helpful in designing new types of water treatment facilities.
White-rot fungi are renowned for their remarkable potential to degrade a wide range of organic pollutants. They are applicable in standard bioreactors offering both the use of the continuous mode of action and easy upscaling of the biodegradation process. The recent advance in this field consisted in the use of various fungi and different types of reactors in the treatment of real wastewaters. Most degradation studies involving white-rot fungi carried out so far used controlled, aseptic conditions. However, during bioremediation of real wastewaters, the degradation capacity of the fungi would be significantly affected by autochthonous microorganisms. Consequently, for the development of sustainable bioremediation technologies, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in the intermicrobial interactions occurring during the bioremediation process. This review summarizes recent applications of white-rot fungi to biodegradation of recalcitrant organopollutants under non-sterile conditions describing the invading microorganism(s) and the way how they affect the stability and degradation efficiency of the fungal bioreactor cultures. In addition, studies where fungal cultures were exposed to defined microbial stress are also reported documenting the effect and mechanisms of microbial interactions. Advanced OMICs techniques, specifically the genomics and metabolomics analyses, are suggested to help in identification of the invading microorganisms and in discovery of mechanisms taking part in the interspecific interactions.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota genetika metabolismus MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- bioreaktory mikrobiologie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu metabolismus MeSH
- genomika MeSH
- houby genetika metabolismus MeSH
- metabolomika MeSH
- mikrobiální interakce * MeSH
- odpad tekutý - odstraňování metody MeSH
- odpadní voda mikrobiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Quantitative changes in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were investigated in six urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) treating municipal and industrial wastewaters. In a selected WWTP, the fate of ARGs was studied in a 1-year time interval and in two phases of wastewater treatment process. Nine ARGs (tetW, tetO, tetA, tetB, tetM, blaTEM, ermB, sul1, and intl1) were quantified in total and their relative abundance assessed by ARG copies/16SrRNA copies. From the tetracycline resistance genes, tetW was the only one detected in all sampled WWTPs. Its relative abundance in the nitrification tank of WWTP5 was found stable during the 1-year period, but was lowered by secondary sedimentation processes in the wastewater treatment down to 24% compared to the nitrification tank. Bacterial isolates showing high tetracycline resistance (minimal inhibition concentrations >100 μg/mL) were identified as members of Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Bacillus, and Enterobacter genera. Dynamic shifts in the relative abundance of ermB and sul1 were also demonstrated in wastewater samples from WWTP5.
- MeSH
- Bacteria účinky léků genetika MeSH
- bakteriální geny genetika MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- odpadní voda mikrobiologie MeSH
- rezistence na tetracyklin genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- tetracyklin farmakologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Anaerobic technology has a wide scope of application in different areas such as manufacturing, food industry, and agriculture. Nowadays, it is mainly used to produce electrical and thermal energy from crop processing, solid waste treatment or wastewater treatment. More intensively, trend nowadays is usage of this technology biodegradable and biomass waste processing and biomethane or hydrogen production. In this paper, the diversities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) under different imputed raw material to the bioreactors were characterized. These diversities at the beginning of sampling and after cultivation were compared. Desulfovibrio, Desulfobulbus, and Desulfomicrobium genus as dominant among sulfate reducers in the bioreactors were detected. The Desulfobulbus species were dominant among other SRB genera before cultivation, but these bacteria were detected only in three out of the seven bioreactors after cultivation dominant.
OBJECTIVES: Urban wastewater contains various micropollutants and a high number of different micro-organisms. Some bacteria in wastewater can attach to surfaces and form biofilm, which gives bacteria an advantage in the fight against environmental stresses. This work focused on analysis of bacterial communities in biofilms isolated from influent and effluent sewerage of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Bratislava, Slovakia. METHODS: Detection of biofilm microbiota was performed by culture-independent and -dependent approaches. The composition of bacterial strains was detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting coupled with construction of 16S rRNA clone libraries. Analysis of the concentration of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant coliforms, Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. in sewerage was also studied. RESULTS: Biofilm collected at the inlet point was characterised primarily by the presence of Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp. and Janthinobacterium spp. clones, whilst members of the genus Pseudomonas were largely detected in biofilm isolated in outflow of the WWTP. Predominant antibiotics such as azithromycin, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin were found in influent wastewater. The removal efficiency of these antibiotics, notably azithromycin and clarithromycin, was 30% in most cases. CONCLUSION: The highest number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with a predominance of coliforms, was detected in samples of effluent biofilm. Multidrug-resistant strains in effluent biofilm showed very good biofilm-forming ability.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- azithromycin farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Enterococcus účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- klarithromycin farmakologie MeSH
- odpadní voda mikrobiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- Staphylococcus účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
