Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne flavivirus enzootic to India. In humans, KFDV causes a severe febrile disease. In some infected individuals, hemorrhagic manifestations, such as bleeding from the nose and gums and gastrointestinal bleeding with hematemesis and/or blood in the stool, have been reported. However, the mechanisms underlying these hemorrhagic complications remain unknown, and there is no information about the specific target cells for KFDV. We investigated the interaction of KFDV with vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), which are key targets for several other hemorrhagic viruses. Here, we report that ECs are permissive to KFDV infection, which leads to their activation, as demonstrated by the upregulation of E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 at the mRNA and protein levels. Increased expression of these adhesive molecules correlated with increased leukocyte adhesion. Infected ECs upregulated the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 but not IL-8. Additionally, moDCs were permissive to KFDV infection, leading to increased release of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Supernatants from KFDV-infected moDCs caused EC activation, as measured by leukocyte adhesion. The results indicate that ECs and moDCs can be targets for KFDV and that both direct and indirect mechanisms can contribute to EC activation.
- MeSH
- CD antigeny genetika imunologie MeSH
- cévní buněčněadhezivní molekula-1 genetika imunologie MeSH
- dendritické buňky imunologie virologie MeSH
- endoteliální buňky imunologie virologie MeSH
- interleukin-6 genetika imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-8 genetika imunologie MeSH
- kadheriny genetika imunologie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA MeSH
- mezibuněčná adhezivní molekula-1 genetika imunologie MeSH
- nemoc kyasanurského lesa imunologie MeSH
- TNF-alfa genetika imunologie MeSH
- viry klíšťové encefalitidy imunologie patogenita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) causes lifelong latent infections in swine. The pathogen is occasionally associated with inclusion body rhinitis and pneumonia in piglets, reproductive disorders in pregnant sows and respiratory disease complex in older pigs. Immunosuppressive potential of PCMV infection is discussed. Macrophages were recognised as one of target cell types where propagation of virus occurs. The aim of present study was to set up model PCMV infection of monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs) in vitro for PCMV immunobiology research. Obtained results showed that PCMV is able to infect and propagate in MDMs. Possible immunosuppressive effect of PCMV on infected macrophages was evaluated by measurement of immune relevant gene expression in MDMs. Infection decreased expression of IL-8 and TNF-α (pro-inflammatory cytokines) and increased expression of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine) on mRNA transcription level. Obtained data support hypothesis that higher sensitivity of animals to coinfection with other swine pathogens and its more severe clinical manifestations could potentially be the consequence of PCMV infection.
- MeSH
- cytokiny imunologie MeSH
- cytomegalovirové infekce imunologie veterinární MeSH
- Cytomegalovirus fyziologie MeSH
- exprese genu imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-10 imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-8 imunologie MeSH
- makrofágy imunologie virologie MeSH
- nemoci prasat imunologie virologie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- přirozená imunita MeSH
- TNF-alfa imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Cells of the tumor microenvironment are recognized as important determinants of the tumor biology. The adjacent non-malignant cells can regulate drug responses of the cancer cells by secreted paracrine factors and direct interactions with tumor cells. RESULTS: Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) actively contribute to tumor microenvironment. Here we focused on their response to chemotherapy as during the treatment these cells become affected. We have shown that the secretory phenotype and behavior of mesenchymal stromal cells influenced by cisplatin differs from the naïve MSC. MSC were more resistant to the concentrations of cisplatin, which was cytotoxic for tumor cells. They did not undergo apoptosis, but a part of MSC population underwent senescence. However, MSC pretreatment with cisplatin led to changes in phosphorylation profiles of many kinases and also increased secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines. These changes in cytokine and phosphorylation profile of MSC led to increased chemoresistance and stemness of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION: Taken together here we suggest that the exposure of the chemoresistant cells in the tumor microenvironment leads to substantial alterations and might lead to promotion of acquired microenvironment-mediated chemoresistance and stemness.
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky farmakologie MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- chemorezistence MeSH
- cisplatina farmakologie MeSH
- interleukin-6 imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-8 imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky cytologie účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí účinky léků MeSH
- nádory prsu farmakoterapie imunologie MeSH
- prsy účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- stárnutí buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Termální pramenitá voda z Avène (TPVA) má mnoho in vitro a in vivo dokumentovaných příznivých účinků na celou řadu kožních onemocnění (atopická dermatitida, psoriáza, akné). Bylo také prokázáno snížení nežádoucích účinků PDT a fototermolýzy v případě kombinace těchto léčebných metod s aplikací TPVA. TPVA snižuje míru kolonizace zlatým stafylokokem, který hraje významnou úlohu v udržování aktivity celé řady dermatóz, má také příznivý efekt na snížení aktivity zánětu díky ovlivnění hodnot Interleukinu 8. Využití TPVA v rámci hydroterapie je možné v monoterapii nebo v kombinaci s dalšími dermatologickými externy.
Avène thermal spring water (ATSW) has been shown to have numerous in vitro and in vivo beneficial effects on a wide range of skin conditions (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, or acne). In addition, a reduction in adverse effects of PDT and photothermolysis has been demonstrated when these treatment methods are combined with the use of ATSW. ATSW reduces the rate of colonization with Staphylococcus aureus, which plays a significant role in maintaining the activity of a number of skin conditions, and also has a beneficial effect on decreasing inflammatory activity by affecting interleukin 8 levels. The use of ATSW as part of hydrotherapy is possible in monotherapy or in combination with other external dermatological agents. atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, PDT, photothermolysis.
- Klíčová slova
- fototermolýza, PDT, akné, Interleukin 8, enterotoxin, termální pramenitá voda z Avène, protizánětlivý efekt,
- MeSH
- acne vulgaris terapie MeSH
- atopická dermatitida mikrobiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- enterotoxiny imunologie MeSH
- hydroterapie využití MeSH
- interleukin-8 imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerální vody aplikace a dávkování mikrobiologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- psoriáza mikrobiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Oral administration of Lactobacillus spp. as probiotics is gaining importance in the treatment of intestinal inflammations. However, their mechanism of action is unknown. We investigated whether nonspecific binding Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) and mannose-specific Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp) and their spent culture supernatant (SCS) affect Salmonella enteritidis 857 (Se) growth, IL-8 and Hsp70 syntheses. In one set of experiments human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells were infected with LcS, Lp or Se at 1-500 bacteria per cell for 1 h. In another set, cells were exposed to Se (0-200 per cell, 1 h) after exposure to lactobacilli (LB) (500 per cell, 30 min) or by co-incubation of Se and LB (1 h). The third set of experiments involved exposure of cells for 1 h to SCS or Se (100 per cell) pretreated (1 h) in SCS. The effect of LB SCS on Se growth was evaluated by agar plate diffusion test. IL-8 and Hsp70 were assessed over 2-24 h using ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. Neither LcS nor Lp affected the Se growth and IL-8 production. In addition, they did not induce Hsp70 expression by Caco-2 cells. Instead, their SCS inhibited the Se growth and IL-8 production and induced the expression of Hsp70 by both crypt- and villus-like cells. The beneficial effect of Lactobacillus spp. to the intestinal inflammations might be associated with a decrease in IL-8 levels. This effect could be mediated, at least in part, via a secreted antimicrobial product(s) either directly against the pathogens or indirectly through the synthesis of Hsp70.
- MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- imunologické faktory biosyntéza MeSH
- interleukin-8 antagonisté a inhibitory imunologie MeSH
- kokultivační techniky MeSH
- kultivační média chemie MeSH
- Lactobacillus casei metabolismus MeSH
- Lactobacillus plantarum metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- probiotika MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku HSP70 biosyntéza MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis patogenita růst a vývoj MeSH
- western blotting MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Human renal epithelial cells might play an important role during the allograft rejection by producing chemokines in response to proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta produced by endothelial and epithelial cells early after transplantation. The production of chemokines allows inflammatory cells to be drawn into the kidney graft and therefore plays a critical role in the pathophysiologic processes that lead to the rejection of renal transplant. In this process, two chemokine superfamilies, the CC and the CXC chemokines, are the most important. The CC chemokines target mainly monocytes and T lymphocytes, while most of the CXC chemokines attract neutrophils. We showed in our study that in vitro, in unstimulated cells, basal mRNA expression of CXC chemokines (Groalpha, Grobeta, Grogamma, ENA-78 and GCP-2, IL-8) that attract neutrophils was detectable and expression of these genes and chemokine release were increased in TNF-alpha- and IL-1beta-induced renal epithelial cells. Most of the CC chemokines [monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage Inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1beta), regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-3alpha)] showed detectable mRNA expression only after stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines and not in control cells. TNF-alpha seems to induce preferably the expression of RANTES, MCP-1, interferon-inducible protein (IP-10) and Interferon-Inducible T-cell Alpha Chemoattractant (I-TAC), while IL-1beta induces mainly IL-8 and epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78).
- MeSH
- chemokiny CC biosyntéza genetika imunologie MeSH
- chemokiny CXC biosyntéza genetika imunologie MeSH
- cytokiny biosyntéza farmakologie imunologie MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- epitelové buňky imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-1beta farmakologie imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-8 biosyntéza genetika imunologie MeSH
- ledviny imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfotoxin-alfa farmakologie imunologie MeSH
- messenger RNA biosyntéza genetika MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
- rejekce štěpu genetika imunologie MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- transplantace ledvin imunologie MeSH
- upregulace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Hyper IgE syndromes (HIES) are primary immunodeficiency disorders of unknown pathogenesis. Patients are typically affected with 'cold' abscesses of the skin, recurrent cyst-forming pneumonia, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and other less frequent features such as progressive skeletal abnormalities. Defective signaling in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways has been suggested as a responsible pathologic mechanism, however, in previous reports, 10 patients revealed no defect in inflammatory cytokine responses to different TLR ligands. Here, we report the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-8, following TLR2 and TLR4 stimulation in a larger cohort of 25 additional patients with HIES, and provide a meta-analysis of the TLR data in HIES. (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel
- MeSH
- interleukin-8 imunologie krev MeSH
- Jobův syndrom * imunologie MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- leukocyty mononukleární * imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy imunologie MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- TNF-alfa * imunologie MeSH
- toll-like receptor 2 * imunologie MeSH
- toll-like receptor 4 * imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Pôvodcami infekcií močových ciest (UTI) sú najmä uropatogénne kmene Escherichia coli (UPEC), ktoré sa detekujú vo viac ako 80 % prípadov. Baktérie sa dostávajú do bezmikróbneho prostredia, v ktorom môžu spôsobiť akútne, potenciálne život-ohrozujúce infekcie, ktoré často prechádzajú do chronicity. Priebeh týchto infekcií nezávisí iba od patogéna (napr. UPEC), ale aj od aktivácie obranných mechanizmov. Významná rozpoznávacia a aktivačná funkcia je pripisovaná nedávno objaveným Toll-like receptorom a katelicidínu.
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the causative organisms in more than 80% of urinary tract infections. The bacteria are introduced to the urinary tract that, except for the external part of the urethra, is free from microbial colonization, and thus can cause acute, potentially life-threatening infections with possible progression to chronic disease. The course of such infection depends not only on the agent involved but also on the activation of protective mechanisms. The recently described Toll-like receptor family and antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin appear to play an important role in the recognition and activation functions.
- MeSH
- bakteriurie etiologie imunologie patofyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- infekce močového ústrojí diagnóza etiologie komplikace MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli imunologie komplikace mikrobiologie MeSH
- interleukin-8 imunologie MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy genetika imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- toll-like receptor 4 genetika imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
