• Klíčová slova
• autoimunitní regulátor,
• MeSH
• antigen prezentující buňky imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny imunologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• autoimunitní polyglandulární syndromy genetika   imunologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• dendritické buňky imunologie   MeSH
• imunologická tolerance * imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• T-lymfocyty imunologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• thymus imunologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Evropské centrum pro prevenci a kontrolu nemocí (ECDC) vydalo 23. dubna 2020 devátou aktualizaci rychlého hodnocení rizik v souvislosti s onemocněním vyvolaným novým koronavirem SARS-CoV-2. Výběr z RRA zde předkládáme.

On 23 April 2020, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) released the ninth update of the rapid risk assessment for the disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. A selection of the RRA information is presented here.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   komplikace   přenos   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Evropská unie MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přenos infekce z pacienta na zdravotnického pracovníka MeSH
• sentinelová surveillance MeSH
• sérokonverze MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• testování na COVID-19 metody   MeSH
• vertikální přenos infekce MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené království MeSH

• MeSH
• antihistaminika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• desenzibilizace imunologická metody   MeSH
• dietoterapie metody   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• imunoglobulin E analýza   MeSH
• imunologické testy metody   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kožní testy metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nutriční nároky MeSH
• potravinová alergie * diagnóza   epidemiologie   etiologie   komplikace   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• věk při počátku nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH

Cephalochordates, commonly called amphioxus or lancelets, are widely regarded as a useful proxy for the chordate ancestor. In recent decades, expression patterns of important developmental genes have been used extensively to infer homologies between cephalochordate and vertebrate embryos. Such comparisons provided important insight into cephalochordate biology and the origin of vertebrate traits. Most of the developmental expression data are collected using whole-mount in situ hybridization that allows the distributions of specific transcripts to be detected in fixed embryos. Here, we describe an experimental pipeline for production of small amounts of functional antibodies directed against amphioxus antigens for use in immunohistochemical labelling. In this pilot study, we generated antibodies against β-catenin and the transcription factors FoxA, Lhx1, Lhx3 and Pax6. We demonstrate the usefulness of antibodies by performing immunostainings on fixed specimens of B. lanceolatum and B. floridae. We anticipate that amphioxus-specific antibodies will provide a useful tool for high-resolution labelling of individual cells within the embryo and for determining the subcellular localization of the corresponding proteins.

• MeSH
• beta-katenin genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• embryo nesavčí embryologie   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• kopinatci embryologie   genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky imunologie   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• transkripční faktory genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The aim of this work was to express the recombinant hexon protein of the hemorrhagic enteritis virus, to establish the diagnostic value of this protein for serological detection of antibodies in turkey serum samples and to assess seroprevalence of the infection in the Czech Republic. The N' terminal part of the hexon protein was expressed in a bacterial expression system and used as an antigen in an ELISA test for the detection of hemorrhagic enteritis virus specific antibodies in turkey sera. Validation of the test was performed by comparison with a commercially available ELISA test. Serological reactivity was assessed on a panel of 126 turkey sera by a newly developed ELISA test. Serum samples were taken from turkey farms with the history of hemorrhagic enteritis virus infection, from farms with animals free of infection, and from turkey farms following vaccination. Both ELISA kits gave identical results (100 %) with the tested sera. ELISA based on the recombinant hexon protein thus proved useful and cheaper for detection of antibodies in turkey flocks infected with the hemorrhagic enteritis virus.

• MeSH
• Adenoviridae klasifikace   genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny virové genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• exprese genu * MeSH
• krocani MeSH
• protilátky virové krev   imunologie   MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny genetika   imunologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• virové plášťové proteiny genetika   imunologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Monoclonal antibodies are leading agents for therapeutic treatment of human diseases, but are limited in use by the paucity of clinically relevant models for validation. Sporadic canine tumours mimic the features of some human equivalents. Developing canine immunotherapeutics can be an approach for modeling human disease responses. Rituximab is a pioneering agent used to treat human hematological malignancies. Biologic mimics that target canine CD20 are just being developed by the biotechnology industry. Towards a comparative canine-human model system, we have developed a novel anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (NCD1.2) that binds both human and canine CD20. NCD1.2 has a sub-nanomolar Kd as defined by an octet red binding assay. Using FACS, NCD1.2 binds to clinically derived canine cells including B-cells in peripheral blood and in different histotypes of B-cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining of canine tissues indicates that the NCD1.2 binds to membrane localized cells in Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma, Marginal Zone Lymphoma, and other canine B-cell lymphomas. We cloned the heavy and light chains of NCD1.2 from hybridomas to determine whether active scaffolds can be acquired as future biologics tools. The VH and VL genes from the hybridomas were cloned using degenerate primers and packaged as single chains (scFv) into a phage-display library. Surprisingly, we identified two scFv (scFv-3 and scFv-7) isolated from the hybridoma with bioactivity towards CD20. The two scFv had identical VH genes but different VL genes and identical CDR3s, indicating that at least two light chain mRNAs are encoded by NCD1.2 hybridoma cells. Both scFv-3 and scFv-7 were cloned into mammalian vectors for secretion in CHO cells and the antibodies were bioactive towards recombinant CD20 protein or peptide. The scFv-3 and scFv-7 were cloned into an ADEPT-CPG2 bioconjugate vector where bioactivity was retained when expressed in bacterial systems. These data identify a recombinant anti-CD20 scFv that might form a useful tool for evaluation in bioconjugate-directed anti-CD20 immunotherapies in comparative medicine.

• MeSH
• antigeny CD20 * chemie   genetika   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• epitopy imunologie   MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• hybridomy imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• jednořetězcové protilátky imunologie   farmakologie   MeSH
• klonování DNA MeSH
• lehké řetězce imunoglobulinů genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• myši MeSH
• peptidová knihovna MeSH
• peptidy chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• psi MeSH
• rekombinantní fúzní proteiny farmakologie   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvenční seřazení MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• těžké řetězce imunoglobulinů genetika   MeSH
• tvorba protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• vazba proteinů imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi-caused infection, if not recognized and appropriately treated by antibiotics, may lead to chronic complications, thus stressing the need for protective vaccine development. The immune protection is mediated by phagocytic cells and by Borrelia-specific complement-activating antibodies, associated with the Th1 immune response. Surface antigen OspC is involved in Borrelia spreading through the host body. Previously we reported that recombinant histidine tagged (His-tag) OspC (rOspC) could be attached onto liposome surfaces by metallochelation. Here we report that levels of OspC-specific antibodies vary substantially depending upon whether rOspC possesses an N' or C' terminal His-tag. This is the case in mice immunized: (a) with rOspC proteoliposomes containing adjuvants MPLA or non-pyrogenic MDP analogue MT06; (b) with free rOspC and Montanide PET GEL A; (c) with free rOspC and alum; or (d) with adjuvant-free rOspC. Stronger responses are noted with all N'-terminal His-tag rOspC formulations. OspC-specific Th1-type antibodies predominate post-immunization with rOspC proteoliposomes formulated with MPLA or MT06 adjuvants. Further analyses confirmed that the structural features of soluble N' and C' terminal His-tag rOspC and respective rOspC proteoliposomes are similar including their thermal stabilities at physiological temperatures. On the other hand, a change in the position of the rOspC His-tag from N' to C' terminal appears to affect substantially the immunogenicity of rOspC arguably due to steric hindrance of OspC epitopes by the C' terminal His-tag itself and not due to differences in overall conformations induced by changes in the His-tag position in rOspC variants.

• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická * MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální aplikace a dávkování   chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• Borrelia burgdorferi imunologie   MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• imunizace MeSH
• lymeská nemoc imunologie   MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• myši MeSH
• proteiny vnější bakteriální membrány aplikace a dávkování   chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• proteolipidy MeSH
• protilátky bakteriální imunologie   MeSH
• rekombinantní fúzní proteiny aplikace a dávkování   chemie   imunologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• sekundární struktura proteinů MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• stabilita proteinů MeSH
• tvorba protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Background. Food protein-induced proctitis/proctocolitis (FPIP) is the most common noninfectious colitis in children in the first year of life. Along with the overall clinical symptoms, diarrhoea and rectal bleeding are the main manifestations of the disease. There is no routine noninvasive test that would be specific for this type of colitis. The aim of our study was to find a noninvasive laboratory test or tests that may be helpful in differential diagnosis of food protein-induced proctitis/proctocolitis. Methods. ANA, ANCA, ASCA, a-EMA, a-tTg, specific IgE, total IgE, IgG, IgA, IgM, and concentration of serum calprotectin were measured in a group of 25 patients with colitis and 18 children with other diagnoses. Results. Atypical-pANCA antibodies of IgG isotype were detected in the sera of 24 patients by the method of indirect immunofluorescence, and 5 patients showed also the positivity of IgA isotype. In control samples these autoantibodies were not detected. Other autoantibodies were not demonstrated in either patient or control group. Conclusions. Of the parameters tested in noninfectious colitis, atypical-pANCA on ethanol-fixed granulocytes appears to be a suitable serological marker of food protein-induced proctitis/proctocolitis and suggests a possible involvement of an autoimmune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this disease.

• MeSH
• autoimunita MeSH
• autoprotilátky imunologie   MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• dietní proteiny imunologie   MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• imunoglobulin A krev   imunologie   MeSH
• imunoglobulin G krev   imunologie   MeSH
• imunoglobulinové izotypy krev   imunologie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• proktokolitida diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky proti cytoplazmě neutrofilů imunologie   MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Alergie na arašídy je jednou z nejčastějších potravinových alergií, způsobuje často vážné reakce. Kožní testy a specifické IgE proti extraktu alergenu nejsou schopny spolehlivě odlišit symptomatické a asymptomatické pacienty. Reaktivita k jednotlivým alergenovým složkám může umožnit předpovědět potencionální riziko vážné reakce. Metodika: Analyzovali jsme skupinu 294 pacientů senzibilizovaných k alespoň jedné z vyšetřovaných alergenových složek: Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 a Ara h 8. Pacienti byli následně rozdě leni do 8 skupin dle odpovídající klinické reaktivity a byla hodnocena č etnost senzibilizace k jednotlivým složkám. Výsledky: Asymptomati č tí pacienti a pacienti s orálním alergickým syndromem byli v ě tšinou dosp ě lí a p ř evládala u nich senzibilizace k Ara h 8. P ř es 90 % t ě chto pacient ů bylo sou č asn ě senzibilizováno k pylu b ř ízy. Závažn ě jší reakce byly pozorovány hlavn ě u d ě tí, tyto reakce byly více spjaty s polysenzibilizací a senzibilizací k zásobním protein ů m semene. Záv ě r: Potvrdili jsme, že alergie k zásobním protein ů m semene, zejména Ara h 2, je č asto zodpov ě dná za závažn ě jší projevy alergie. Naproti tomu senzibilizace k Ara h 8 je v ě tšinou spjata s asymptomatickým pr ů b ě hem č i mírnými projevy.

Peanut allergy is one of the most common food allergies and may cause severe reactions. Skin prick tests and specific IgE antib odies to peanut extract are not able to distinguish between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Reactivity todistinct peanut allergen compon ents may draw attention to the potencial risk of more severe reactions. Method: We analyzed the group of 294 patients sensitized to peanut allergens: Ara h1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 or Ara h 8. Patients were divide d into 8 groups according to their dominant clinical symptoms and frequency of sensitization to individual allergen components in each g roup was assessed. Results: Asymptomatic patients and patients with oral allergy syndrome were mostly adults and sensitized to Ara h 8. More than 90% of t hese patients were sensitized to birch pollen. More severe reaction were observed mostly in children, these kinds of reactions were related to poly- sensitization and sensitization to seed storage proteins. Conclusion: We confirmed, that allergy to seed storage proteins, especially Ara h 2, is frequently responsible for the more severe allergy sym- ptoms. Sensitization to Ara h 8 is frequently associated with mild or no symptoms.

• Klíčová slova
• polysenzitivita, klinická reaktivita, alergenové složky, senzibilizace,
• MeSH
• alergeny * diagnostické užití   imunologie   MeSH
• alergie na arašídy * diagnóza   imunologie   krev   MeSH
• Arachis imunologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• imunoglobulin E * imunologie   krev   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• věkové rozložení MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

The TP63 gene gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (ΔNp63) of an N-terminal p53-like transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry for p63 has clinical value for certain tumour types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies and the inability to discriminate between these N-terminal isoforms with opposite functional properties. We have extensively characterized a series of monoclonal antibodies to recombinant human TAp63 and two commercial p63 monoclonals by Western blot, immunostaining and phage display epitope mapping. Twenty-eight of 29 (96.6 %) novel monoclonals that recognized all p63 isoforms showed substantial cross-reactivity with p73, as did the commercial antibody, 4A4. One novel clone, PANp63-6.1, showed slight cross-reaction with p73 by Western blotting but not immunohistochemistry and the SFI-6 monoclonal did not cross-react with p73 or p53. Phage display revealed that the PANp63-6.1 epitope has one amino acid difference between p63 and p73, the 4A4 epitope is identical in both, whereas the SFI-6 epitope is unique to p63, accounting for these findings. We also produced and characterized a TAp63-specific clone that does not recognize p53 or p73, and we prepared polyclonal sera specific for ΔNp63 isoforms. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that TAp63 is expressed in a variety of epithelial and other cell types during development, often in a converse pattern to ΔNp63, but has a very limited expression in normal adult tissues and is independent of ΔNp63. TAp63 was expressed in 17.6 % of squamous cancers of cervix that expressed p63, unlike normal cervix where TAp63 was not expressed. TAp63 did not associate with proliferative index, but cervical carcinomas with TAp63 expression showed improved survival. These data highlight the need for rigorous antibody characterization and indicate that p63-isoform identification may improve the clinical value of p63 expression analyses.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• DNA vazebné proteiny imunologie   MeSH
• imunohistochemie metody   normy   MeSH
• jaderné proteiny imunologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové proteiny chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky diagnostické užití   imunologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádorové supresorové proteiny imunologie   MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 imunologie   MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• nádory plic diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• nádory prsu diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• nemalobuněčný karcinom plic diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• protein - isoformy MeSH
• specificita protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• zkřížené reakce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH