Changes in pollutant loads in relatively dynamic river sediments, which contain very complex mixtures of compounds, can play a crucial role in the fate and effects of pollutants in fluvial ecosystems. The contamination of sediments by bioactive substances can be sensitively assessed by in vitro bioassays. This is the first study that characterizes detailed short- and long-term changes in concentrations of contaminants with several modes of action in river sediments. One-year long monthly study described seasonal and spatial variability of contamination of sediments in a representative industrialized area by dioxin-like and endocrine disruptive chemicals. There were significant seasonal changes in both antiandrogenic and androgenic as well as dioxin-like potential of river sediments, while there were no general seasonal trends in estrogenicity. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent potency (dioxin-like potency) expressed as biological TCDD-equivalents (BIOTEQ) was in the range of 0.5-17.7 ng/g, dry mass (dm). The greatest BIOTEQ levels in sediments were observed during winter, particularly at locations downstream of the industrial area. Estrogenicity expressed as estradiol equivalents (EEQ) was in the range of 0.02-3.8 ng/g, dm. Antiandrogenicity was detected in all samples, while androgenic potency in the range of 0.7-16.8 ng/g, dm dihydrotestosterone equivalents (DHT-EQ) was found in only 30 % of samples, most often during autumn, when antiandrogenicity was the least. PAHs were predominant contaminants among analyzed pollutants, responsible, on average, for 13-21 % of BIOTEQ. Longer-term changes in concentrations of BIOTEQ corresponded to seasonal fluctuations, whereas for EEQ, the inter-annual changes at some locations were greater than seasonal variability during 1 year. The inter- as well as intra-annual variability in concentrations of both BIOTEQ and EEQ at individual sites was greater in spring than in autumn which was related to hydrological conditions in the river. This study stresses the importance of river hydrology and its seasonal variations in the design of effective sampling campaigns, as well as in the interpretation of any monitoring results.

• MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• chemické znečištění vody statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dioxiny analýza   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory analýza   MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny analýza   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky analýza   MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• řeky chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• dioxiny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH

Passive and composite sampling in combination with in vitro bioassays and identification and quantification of individual chemicals were applied to characterize pollution by compounds with several specific modes of action in urban area in the basin of two rivers, with 400,000 inhabitants and a variety of industrial activities. Two types of passive samplers, semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) for hydrophobic contaminants and polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) for polar compounds such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, were used to sample wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent and effluent as well as rivers upstream and downstream of the urban complex and the WWTP. Compounds with endocrine disruptive potency were detected in river water and WWTP influent and effluent. Year-round, monthly assessment of waste waters by bioassays documented estrogenic, androgenic and dioxin-like potency as well as cytotoxicity in influent waters of the WWTP and allowed characterization of seasonal variability of these biological potentials in waste waters. The WWTP effectively removed cytotoxic compounds, xenoestrogens and xenoandrogens. There was significant variability in treatment efficiency of dioxin-like potency. The study indicates that the WWTP, despite its up-to-date technology, can contribute endocrine disrupting compounds to the river. Riverine samples exhibited dioxin-like, antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic potencies. The study design enabled characterization of effects of the urban complex and the WWTP on the river. Concentrations of PAHs and contaminants and specific biological potencies sampled by POCIS decreased as a function of distance from the city.

• Klíčová slova
• Androgenic, Bioassay in vitro, Cytotoxicity, Dioxin-like, Estrogenic, Passive sampling,
• MeSH
• androgenní receptory metabolismus   MeSH
• androgeny analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• čištění vody MeSH
• dioxiny analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• estrogeny analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• odpadní voda chemie   MeSH
• pesticidy analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky analýza   farmakologie   MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny metabolismus   MeSH
• řeky chemie   MeSH
• skládková zařízení MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgenní receptory MeSH
• androgeny MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• dioxiny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• odpadní voda MeSH
• pesticidy MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny MeSH

Endocrine-disruptive potential and concentrations of polar organic contaminants were measured in seven headwaters flowing through relatively unpolluted areas of the Czech Republic. Towns with Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) discharges were the first known sources of anthropogenic pollution in the areas. River water was sampled several kilometers upstream (US) and several tens of meters downstream (DS) of the WWTP discharges, by use of Pesticide and Pharmaceutical Polar Organic Integrative Samplers (POCIS-Pest, POCIS-Pharm). Extracts of passive samplers were tested by use of a battery of in vitro bioassays to determine overall non-specific cytotoxicity, endocrine-disruptive (ED) potential and dioxin-like toxicity. The extracts were also used for quantification of polar organics. There was little toxicity to cells caused by most extracts of POCIS. Estrogenicity was detected in all types of samples even though US locations are considered to be background. At US locations, concentrations of estrogen equivalents (EEq) ranged from less than the detection limits (LOD) to 0.5 ng EEq/POCIS. Downstream concentrations of EEqs ranged from less than LOD to 4.8 ng EEq/POCIS. Concentrations of EEq in POCIS extracts from all DS locations were 1 to 14 times greater than those at US locations. Concentrations of EEq measured in extracts of POCIS-Pest and POCIS-Pharm were in a good agreement. Neither antiestrogenic nor anti/androgenic activities were detected. Concentrations of 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents (TEq(bio)) were detected in both types of POCIS at concentrations ranging from less than the LOD to 0.39 ng TEq(bio)/POCIS. Nearly all extracts of POCIS-Pharm contained greater concentrations of TEq(bio) activity than extracts of POCIS-Pest. Concentrations of pesticides and pharmaceuticals in extracts of POCIS were generally small at all sampling sites, but levels of some pharmaceuticals were significantly greater in both types of POCIS from DS locations. Chemical analyses along with the results of bioassays documented impacts of small towns with WWTPs on headwaters.

• MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• chemické znečištění vody statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dioxiny analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• estrogeny analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• hydrofobní a hydrofilní interakce MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• odpad tekutý - odstraňování statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• odpadní voda analýza   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• pesticidy analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• řeky chemie   MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• dioxiny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• odpadní voda MeSH
• pesticidy MeSH

Here is presented some of the first information on interactions of compounds produced by cyanobacteria and green algae with estrogen receptor signaling. Estrogenic potency of aqueous extracts and exudates (culture spent media with extracellular products) of seven species of cyanobacteria (10 different laboratory strains) and two algal species were assessed by use of in vitro trans-activation assays. Compounds produced by cyanobacteria and algae, and in particular those excreted from the cells, were estrogenic. Most exudates were estrogenic with potencies expressed at 50% of the maximum response under control of the estrogen receptor ranging from 0.2 to 7.2 ng 17β-estradiol (E(2)) equivalents (EEQ)/L. The greatest estrogenic potency was observed for exudates of Microcystis aerigunosa, a common species that forms water blooms. Aqueous extracts of both green algae, but only one species of cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon gracile) elicited significant estrogenicity with EEQ ranging from 15 to 280 ng 17β-estradiol (E(2))/g dry weight. Scenedesmus quadricauda exudates and extracts of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were antagonistic to the ER when coexposed to E(2). The EEQ potency was not correlated with concentrations of cyanotoxins, such as microcystin and cylindrospermopsin, which suggests that the EEQ was comprised of other compounds. The study demonstrates some differences between the estrogenic potency of aqueous extracts prepared from the same species, but of different origin, while the effects of exudates were comparable within species. The observed estrogenic potencies are important namely in relation to the possible mass expansion of cyanobacteria and release of the active compounds into surrounding water.

• MeSH
• Aphanizomenon metabolismus   MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• Chlorophyta metabolismus   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• estradiol metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• estrogeny metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• eutrofizace MeSH
• exsudáty a transsudáty chemie   MeSH
• mezibuněčná komunikace fyziologie   MeSH
• Microcystis účinky léků   MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny metabolismus   MeSH
• sinice metabolismus   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• estradiol MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny MeSH

The biological activity of cyanobacteria and their chemical components have been widely studied due to their blooms in eutrophic waters worldwide. The primary goal of this study was to determine if individual cyanobacterial species and mixtures of cyanobacteria collected from the environment contain compounds with the potential for interaction with signaling pathways of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and retinoid acid receptor (RAR). Cytotoxicity and specific toxic potencies of products of freshwater cyanobacteria were determined by use of in vitro reporter gene trans-activation assays. The testing included samples prepared from five selected single cyanobacterial species cultivated in laboratory and five complex cyanobacterial biomasses collected from blooms in surface waters in the Czech Republic. The results demonstrate estrogenic potencies of extracts of cyanobacterial biomasses. Among the laboratory single species, the extract of Planktothrix agardhii (intracellular metabolites) had a potency of estrogenic equivalents (EEQ) of 3.8 ng 17β-estradiol/g dw. The estimates of EEQs of samples prepared from complex cyanobacterial biomasses collected from freshwaters in the Czech Republic ranged from 19 to 2200 ng 17β-estradiol/g dw. Several samples prepared from the environmental cyanobacterial biomasses potentiated the androgenic potency of dihydrotestosterone. There was no dioxin-like, glucocorticoid or anti/retinoic activity observed for any of the extracts studied. Extracts of natural complex cyanobacterial biomasses exhibited greater and more frequent presence of compounds with specific modes of action, mainly estrogenic, and also greater cytotoxicity than extracts of single cyanobacterial species. The demonstrated estrogenic potency of the compounds present in complex cyanobacterial biomasses is of environmental relevance, and could potentially contribute to endocrine disruptive effects in aquatic ecosystems in case of great bloom densities.

• MeSH
• androgenní receptory metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální toxiny toxicita   MeSH
• biomasa MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• cytotoxiny toxicita   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory toxicita   MeSH
• estrogeny toxicita   MeSH
• komplexní směsi toxicita   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrocystiny toxicita   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory glukokortikoidů metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory kyseliny retinové metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• sinice chemie   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgenní receptory MeSH
• bakteriální toxiny MeSH
• cytotoxiny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• komplexní směsi MeSH
• microcystin MeSH Prohlížeč
• mikrocystiny MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• receptory glukokortikoidů MeSH
• receptory kyseliny retinové MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny MeSH

Pollution of surface soils by traffic, especially along major highways, can be a significant issue. Numerous studies have demonstrated traffic to be an important source of particulate matter and gas-phase organic air pollutants that produce many types of deleterious effects. This article brings original information about the presence of contaminants with specific mechanisms of action in traffic-influenced soils as determined by bioanalytical approaches and instrumental analyses. The initial phase of the study aimed to compare contamination of soils near highways with those from reference localities, whereas the second phase of the study investigated the influence of traffic pollution in soils at various distances from highways. For the reference areas, forest soils contained greater concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TCDD-EQs; 483 to 2094 pg/g) than did arable soils (96 to 478 pg/g), which represent the relevant reference for the studied soils along highways. The total concentration of TCDD-EQs determined in the in vitro transactivation assay ranged from 225 to 27,700 pg/g in traffic-affected soils. The greatest concentration of TCDD-EQs among the studied sites was observed in soils collected near highway D1, which is the primary thoroughfare in the Czech Republic. The concentrations of TCDD-EQs in roadside soils were the greatest and decreased with increased distance from highways, and this spatial distribution corresponded with the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Soils collected 100 m away from highways in most cases contained concentrations of TCDD-EQs similar to background values. Most TCDD-EQ presence was caused by nonpersistent compounds in soils, with a significant contribution from PAHs as well as other unknown nonpersistent chemicals. Extracts from most soils collected near highways exhibited antiestrogenic and in some cases antiandrogenic activities; for several sites the activity was also detected in soils farther from highways. The presence of TCDD-EQs and antihormonal activity in highway-affected soils points to traffic as a source of polluting compounds having specific effects.

• MeSH
• dioxiny analýza   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory analýza   MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
• motorová vozidla * MeSH
• půda analýza   normy   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dioxiny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu MeSH
• půda MeSH

Humic substances (HS) are ubiquitous natural products of decomposition of dead organic matter. HS is present in most freshwaters at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 50mg L(-1). Organic carbon can represent 20% dry weight of sediments. Recently, the interaction of dissolved HS with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been demonstrated. The AhR is a cytosolic receptor to which persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can bind and many of their toxic effects are mediated through interactions with this receptor. We describe in vitro effects (using H4IIE-luc cells) of binary mixtures of various HS with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), since in contaminated environments these compounds occur simultaneously. Six out of 12 HS samples activated AhR even at environmentally relevant concentrations (17 mg L(-1)), but did not reach the full AhR-activation even at excessive concentration. In simultaneous exposure of H4IIE-luc to HS (17 mg L(-1)) and TCDD (1.2 pM) without any preincubation prior to exposure, either significant additive or facilitative effects were observed. No negative interactions, due to possible sorption of TCDD to HS was observed. Nevertheless, if the HS-TCDD binary mixture was preincubated for 6 days prior to the exposure on H4IIE-luc cells, the additive and facilitative effects were less due to possible sorption of TCDD onto HS. Similar results were obtained from analogous experiments with greater concentrations of both TCDD and HS.

• MeSH
• huminové látky toxicita   MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu toxicita   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny toxicita   MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků metabolismus   MeSH
• regenerace a remediace životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• huminové látky MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH

Lake Pilnok located in the black coal-mining region Ostrava-Karvina, Czech Republic, contains sediments highly contaminated with powdered waste coal. Moreover, population of the endangered species of narrow-clawed crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus with high proportion of intersex individuals (18%) was observed at this site. These findings motivated our work that aimed to evaluate contamination, endocrine disruptive potency using in vitro assays and in vivo effects of contaminated sediments on reproduction of sediment-dwelling invertebrates. Chemical analyses revealed low concentrations of persistent chlorinated compounds and heavy metals but concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were high (sum of 16 PAHs 10 microg/g dw). Organic extracts from sediments caused significant in vitro AhR-mediated activity in the bioassay with H4IIE-luc cells, estrogenicity in MVLN cells and anti-androgenicity in recombinant yeast assay, and these effects could be attributed to non-persistent compounds derived from the waste coal. We have also observed significant in vivo effects of the sediments in laboratory experiments with the Prosobranchian euryhaline mud snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum. Sediments from Lake Pilnok as well as organic extracts of the sediments (externally added to the control sediment) significantly affected fecundity during 8 weeks of exposure. The effects were stimulations of fecundity at lower concentrations at the beginning of the experiment followed by inhibitions of fecundity and general toxicity. Our study indicates presence of chemicals that affected endocrine balance in invertebrates, and emphasizes the need for integrated approaches combining in vitro and in vivo bioassays with identification of chemicals to elucidate ecotoxicogical impacts of contaminated sediment samples.

• MeSH
• androgenní receptory metabolismus   MeSH
• biotest MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• geologické sedimenty chemie   MeSH
• hlemýždi účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků metabolismus   MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny metabolismus   MeSH
• těžké kovy chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgenní receptory MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny MeSH
• těžké kovy MeSH

Humic substances (HS) and natural organic matter (NOM) are natural organic compounds ubiquitous in the environment. However, some studies indicate that both HS and NOM can act as xenobiotics, e.g. induce hormone-like effects in fish, amphibians and invertebrates. Molecules of these substances contain a number of aromatic rings and conjugated double bonds--the so called chromophores. Irradiation of dissolved HS and NOM can lead to a series of photochemical reactions which can act on these substances itself, or on other substances present in aquatic environment along with HS and NOM such as e.g. xenobiotics. In our previous study, we have found significant interactions of five humic acids (HA) with cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in an in vitro bioassay based on H4IIE-luc cells. In the present study, we have studied the changes in AhR-mediated activities both of HS and NOM after irradiation that simulated natural solar light. Nine different HS and two NOM samples were irradiated in Pyrex tubes with a medium-pressure mercury lamp for a duration of 0 to 52 h (which corresponds to 0-52 d natural solar radiation). Original concentrations of the samples were 50 mg L(-1), and the greatest concentration of HS and NOM photoproducts subsequently tested in the bioassay was 17 mg L(-1), which is an environmentally relevant concentration. After irradiation the absorbances of all the samples were less than the original materials. The AhR-mediated activity of the HA-Fluka and HA Sodium Salt were partially decreased by irradiation. The activities of other HS and NOM, that were either AhR-active or -inactive were not changed by irradiation. The results of the study demonstrate that AhR-mediated activities of two active HA is caused by both photo-stable and photo-labile AhR activators, while the other three active HA contain only photo-stable AhR activators. Potential mechanisms of the observed irradiation-induced changes in AhR-mediated activities are discussed.

• MeSH
• huminové látky účinky záření   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků fyziologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• xenobiotika účinky záření   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• huminové látky MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• xenobiotika MeSH

Humic substances (HS) were for decades regarded as inert in the ecosystems with respect to their possible toxicity. However, HS have been recently shown to elicit various adverse effects generally attributed to xenobiotics. In our study, we used MVLN and H4IIE-luc cell lines stably transfected with luciferase gene under control of estrogen receptor (ER) and Ah receptor (AhR; receptor connected with so-called dioxin-like toxicity) for assessment of anti/estrogenic and AhR-mediated effects of 12 commercially available humic substances. Out of those, five humic acids were shown to induce AhR-mediated activity with relative potencies related to TCDD 2.6 x 10(-8)-7.4 x 10(-8). Organic extracts of HS solutions also elicited high activities what means that lipophilic molecules are responsible for a great part of effect. However, relatively high activity remaining in extracted solution suggests also presence of polar AhR-agonists. Contribution of persistent organic compounds to the observed effects was ruled out by H(2)SO(4) treatment. Eight out of twelve HS elicited significant antiestrogenic effects with IC(50) ranging from 40 to 164 mg l(-1). The possible explanations of the antiestrogenic effect include sorption of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) on HS, changes in membrane permeability for E2 or another specific mechanism.

• MeSH
• benzopyrany toxicita   MeSH
• huminové látky toxicita   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• modulátory estrogenních receptorů farmakologie   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny toxicita   MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• benzopyrany MeSH
• fulvic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• huminové látky MeSH
• modulátory estrogenních receptorů MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny MeSH
• receptory aromatických uhlovodíků MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny MeSH