Sixty-one sheep were administered experimentally a VX chemical (organophosphate) at different rates. In the process of dissection, samples were taken for a histopathological examination. These were samples of brain, liver, kidneys, rumen wall, small intestine, muscles, myocardium, lungs and spleen. For another histochemical examination, samples of tongue, m. longissimus dorsi, jejunum, rumen, liver, kidneys and m. interconstalis were also taken. The activities of alkaline and acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase, acetylcholinesterase and dehydrogenase of lactic acid were investigated. The most significant changes were found out in the lungs - in form of oedemas and acute catarrhal bronchopneumonias in those animals which died within three days after chemical administration. Sporadic haemorrhages or haemorrhages in form of vast spots were found out under the epicardium. Their range did not relate to the amount of the chemical administered. Rather dilated vessels were observed in the brain and also in the meninges. The histochemical examination showed different activities of enzymes in particular organs of sheep.
- MeSH
- enzymy analýza MeSH
- histocytochemie MeSH
- nemoci ovcí chemicky indukované enzymologie MeSH
- organothiofosforové sloučeniny otrava MeSH
- otrava enzymologie veterinární MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- enzymy MeSH
- organothiofosforové sloučeniny MeSH
- VX MeSH Prohlížeč
It the present study the effects of gamma-radiation at doses of 102.1 Gy-1,633.4 Gy were investigated as exerted on the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis W strain. An investigation of lethality showed that all irradiated cells survived after the doses of 102.1 Gy and 204.2 Gy, When the doses of 408.4 and 816.7 Gy were applied, 60.6% and 8.8%, resp., of irradiated cells survived. Not a cell survived the dose of 1,633.4 Gy. The effects of gamma-radiation on the generation time of Tetrahymena pyriformis are shown in Tab. II. A markedly longer generation time than in the control was observed if the radiation doses made 408.4 and 816.7 Gy. There were no significant changes there when the effects of irradiated incubation media on the growth of nonirradiated cells of the W strain of Tetrahymena pyriformis were investigated. The results confirmed the relatively high radioresistance of the Tetrahymena protozoon with respect to gamma-radiation; this protozoan is a suitable biological model for a study of the effects of various kinds of ionizing radiation at the level of both cell and population.
- MeSH
- Tetrahymena pyriformis účinky záření MeSH
- záření gama MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
Separate components of acid-base balance in blood (ABR)-pH, pCO2, BE, SB, BB-were studied during the long-term drill of service dogs of two age categories. These service dogs were included in two different work strain groups (patrol dogs and searching dogs). The results of long-term drill demonstrated, in particular, significant changes in dynamics of pH and pCO2. The pH values were permanently raised as compared with reduced pCO2 values during the whole period of 130-days exercise and as compared with the initial values. Other components of acid-base balance in blood do not show such variations (patrol and searching dogs) and these components justify that the adaptation of organism to the given strain gained suitable stabilisation. For studying the psychical and physical strain in service dogs it is recommended to include pH and pCO2 in the tests.
- MeSH
- acidobazická rovnováha * MeSH
- kondiční příprava zvířat * MeSH
- psi krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
The contents of basic mineral elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Cl) were investigated in service dogs during their long-term basic training; the dogs belonged to two age categories, and the influence of different work stress (sentry, tracker, watch dogs) on the changes in the contents of these elements was also studied. Great changes in the dynamics of individual elements were demonstrated during the long-term training, signalling the beginning of muscular insufficiency and fatigue in the course of training, as well as the onset of adaptation processes to the psychic and physical stress (Na, K, Mg). The increased contents of Ca and P at the beginning and during the intensive training with a risk of bone demineralization, indicate the beginning of osteopathy, disorders of muscular and nervous irritability and unbalanced feed rations. The satisfactory adaptation process with the stabilized internal environment in the sphere of minerals metabolism is documented in service dogs by the long-term and qualitatively different work stress. The results of our studies can be included into the tests of training and work stress in service dogs.
- MeSH
- kondiční příprava zvířat * MeSH
- minerály metabolismus MeSH
- psi metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- minerály MeSH
- MeSH
- absorpce MeSH
- cesium * MeSH
- dekontaminace * MeSH
- radioaktivní znečišťující látky * MeSH
- stroncium * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cesium * MeSH
- radioaktivní znečišťující látky * MeSH
- stroncium * MeSH
Specific activities of 134Cs, 137Cs were investigated and compared in canned meat products, pork, beef, poultry, venison, as well as in raw cow milk, milk products and milk replacers. Increased specific activities of cesium radionuclides in canned meat products were found up to 70 Bq.kg-1 in 1986, up to 150 Bq.kg-1 early in 1987, and a gradual decline of specific activity to 40 Bq.kg-1 at the end of 1988. In 1987 these values made up to 50 Bq.kg-1 and 120 Bq.kg-1 in pork and beef, up to 30 Bq.kg-1 in poultry, and up to 160 Bq.kg-1 in venison. In 1988 a decrease in these specific activities occurred down to 30 Bq.kg-1. The values of 134,137Cs specific activity did not exceed 10 Bq.kg-1 in raw cow milk, and 30 Bq.kg-1 in milk products. Specific activity up to 200 Bq.kg-1 was found in milk replacers.
- MeSH
- analýza potravin * MeSH
- maso analýza MeSH
- mléko analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní kontaminace potravin * MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia analýza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- radioizotopy cesia MeSH
Observation was made of the influence of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) supplement in food on 134Cs excretion and distribution after oral internal contamination of laboratory brown rats. After diet administration with 2.5, 5, and 10% zeolite supplement the 134Cs elimination in droppings increased and the radionuclide deposition in liver, kidneys and femoral musculature decreased. The zeolite decontamination effects were observed with preventive administration, as well as with sorbent administration from the 24th hour after a single internal contamination.
- MeSH
- inbrední kmeny potkanů MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia farmakokinetika MeSH
- silikáty hliníku farmakologie MeSH
- zeolity MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- radioizotopy cesia MeSH
- silikáty hliníku MeSH
- zeolity MeSH
- MeSH
- kondiční příprava zvířat * MeSH
- krevní proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- psi krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- krevní proteiny MeSH
The activities were studied in five kinds of enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase - AST, alanine aminotransferase - ALT, lactate dehydrogenase - LD, the thermally stable fraction of lactate dehydrogenase - LD-1, and alkaline phosphatase - ALP) of 30 male dogs. The dogs, divided into two age categories, were studied during a long-continued training (130 days). Both transaminases exhibit characteristic changes in the activity, with a depression at the beginning between the 30th and 40th days of training, followed by a slow increase in AST and by a rapid increase in ALT, continuing until the end of the training period. A statistically significant activity pattern was recorded in LD: the activity declined continuously in both age groups of dogs. LD-1 exhibited an activity depression continuing until the 70th day of training, followed by an increase which reached statistical significance towards the end of the training. ALP activity varied regularly, but always remained significantly below the starting values. The enzymatic activities can be used as partial tests during the scientific management of the training of dogs in relation to the physiological and pathophysiological processes in the bodies of the dogs subjected to the training stress.
- MeSH
- alanintransaminasa krev MeSH
- alkalická fosfatasa krev MeSH
- aspartátaminotransferasy krev MeSH
- enzymy krev MeSH
- fyziologický stres krev veterinární MeSH
- L-laktátdehydrogenasa krev MeSH
- psi metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- alanintransaminasa MeSH
- alkalická fosfatasa MeSH
- aspartátaminotransferasy MeSH
- enzymy MeSH
- L-laktátdehydrogenasa MeSH
Ammonia content in relation with sensory changes was studied in four kinds of meat cans (Pork in Natural Juice, Beef with Bacon, Luncheon Meat, and Liver Pâté), stored for 36 months under constant conditions (average temperature 21 degrees C. average relative humidity 73%). Four groups of final products were prepared from each kind of these cans; the final products differed from one another in the ammonia contents, depending on the freshness of the food. After sterilization and cooling, i.e. after the termination of the technological process of production, the produced meat cans were subjected to sensory evaluation and their ammonia contents were determined. These values were used as initial data for the start of long-term storage. In the course of long-term storage the selected parameters were measured in regular intervals. It was concluded from the experimental results that the content of ammonia slightly increased with the time of storage of the tested kinds of meat cans without any significant influence on their sensory characteristics that would affect their use for human consumption.
