GOAL: Determination of basic epidemiological parameters of burn patients with micromycetes infection. Identification of the most important micromycetes in burn patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Monocentre retrospective study enrolling all adult burn patients who were hospitalized between 2007 and 2015 and in whom micromycetes were isolated during hospitalization. ABSI index (Abbreviated Burn Severity Index) was used to evaluate severity of thermal trauma. Results were statistically analysed. RESULTS: There were 61 patients with thermal trauma identified in total during the period of observation, and there were yeast or fibrous fungi isolated. There were 37 males and 24 females (M:F ratio - 1.5:1) in this group. The average age of patients was 57.3 years (29 patients were aged up to 60 years, 32 patients were over the age of 60 years, inclusive). 6 patients died (lethality was 9.8%). The average extent of the burn area was 21.6% TBSA (median 14.0%). There were 90 strains of micromycetes cultured in total in these patients (79 yeasts, 11 fibrous fungi). Micromycetes were isolated from burn area in 30 patients, from the lower airways in 19 patients, from the urogenital area in 15 patients and from blood culture in 7 patients. Non-albicans Candida species were predominant among yeasts (60 strains); Candida albicans was isolated 16 times in total. Aspergillus fumigatus (4 isolations) and Fusarium species (2 isolations) were predominant species among fibrous fungi. CONCLUSION: We successfully identified the basic epidemiological parameters in burn patients with micromycetes infection, similarly to the most important yeasts and fibrous fungi causing infection in these patients.
- Klíčová slova
- Burns, fibrous fungi infection., yeasts,
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus * izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- Candida * izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hospitalizace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- popálení * mikrobiologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
We developed and assessed the diagnostic value of a novel quantitative nested real-time (QNRT) PCR assay targeting the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in a guinea pig model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Groups of 5 immunosuppressed animals that were infected using an aerosol chamber with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia were humanely terminated 1 h postinoculation and at days 3, 5, 7, and 11 postchallenge, and lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, whole blood, and serum samples were collected. The QNRT PCR results obtained with the serum and BAL fluid were compared to those achieved with galactomannan and (1→3)-β-d-glucan assays. High fungal burden levels were detected by QNRT PCR in both lung tissue and BAL fluid in all infected animals at each time point, and the sensitivity of each assay in BAL fluid was 100% by day 3 and remained so through the remainder of the study. The sensitivity of detection of fungi in whole blood and serum samples was significantly lower, and some samples remained negative by all three assays despite the advanced stage of the infection. From these data, we can conclude that this novel QNRT PCR method was highly sensitive for the detection of A. fumigatus from different types of samples in this model. In addition, BAL fluid samples appeared to be the most suitable for the early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. When testing serum, the use of a combination of available assays may increase the possibility of early detection of this opportunistic mycosis.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- beta-glukany analýza MeSH
- bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina mikrobiologie MeSH
- DNA fungální genetika MeSH
- galaktosa analogy a deriváty MeSH
- invazivní plicní aspergilóza mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- mannany analýza MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- morčata MeSH
- mykologie metody MeSH
- plíce mikrobiologie MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií metody MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- proteoglykany MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- morčata MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- beta-glukany MeSH
- DNA fungální MeSH
- galactomannan MeSH Prohlížeč
- galaktosa MeSH
- mannany MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH
- polysaccharide-K MeSH Prohlížeč
- proteoglykany MeSH
AIM OF THE STUDY: The main goal of this study was to find the best method for Aspergillus DNA isolation from peripheral blood samples. The method should be very effective but not expensive or time consuming to be suitable for routine diagnostics use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We compared four different methods for Aspergillus DNA isolation - one method with enzymatic lysis of the fungal cell wall and three methods that combine chemical and mechanical lysis (using high speed cell disruption with glass beads). Peripheral blood samples were inoculated with defined amount of Aspergillus fumigatus suspension and used for DNA isolation. Isolated DNA was then quantitatively analyzed with in-house real-time PCR method using specific probe. RESULTS: Enzymatic method seems not to be useful in a routine diagnostics mainly because of its low efficiency and too long processing time. Better could be the methods using both chemical and mechanical cell disruption that can isolate fungal DNA with high efficiency in a relatively short time. CONCLUSIONS: The method using ZR Fungal/Bacterial DNA Kit (Zymo Research, USA) was chosen for routine use in our laboratory because it is cheap, fast and very efficient.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- aspergilóza diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- DNA fungální krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- DNA fungální MeSH
- reagenční diagnostické soupravy MeSH
The present study investigated emissions and emmissions of airborne microorganisms (mesophilic bacteria, Escherichia coli, molds, Aspergillus fumigatus, thermophilic actinomycetes/bacilli) in sewage treatment plants. For the aerobiological investigations three sewage treatment facilities with an activated-sludge process, capacities between 2000 and 28,000 PE and different cleaning steps were selected. The measurements of microorganism emission were conducted in the area of the intake (screen), in the area of biological treatment (activated sludge tank) and at a distance of 10 m from the activated sludge tanks. In order to determine the emmission, additional measurements were conducted leeward of the plant at a distance of 200 m. Samples were taken using four parallel six-stage Andersen 1 AFCM volumetric samplers. In the area of the intake counts for bacteria were 7.4 x 10(2) CFU/m3 (median), for thermophilic actinomycetes 1.8 x 10(1) CFU/m3, for thermophilic bacilli 7.1 x 10(1) CFU/m3, for molds 2.4 x 10(3) CFU/m3 and for Aspergillus fumigatus 1.8 x 10(1) CFU/m3. Only isolated airborne coliform recoveries, i.e. E. coli, were detected. In the area of the activated sludge tank, in the adjoining area (10 m) and in the vicinity of the plants (200 m), the counts for all microorganism groups investigated corresponded to natural conditions. The results show that the counts of culturable aerogenic microorganisms in and in the immediate surrounding of the sewage plants investigated are low. Although the possibility of an infection through inhalation cannot be ruled out, the direct contact with sewage is much more critical.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiologie vzduchu * MeSH
- nakládání s odpady * MeSH
- odpadní vody mikrobiologie MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rakousko MeSH
- Názvy látek
- odpadní vody MeSH
Urban and rural regions are affected by different microorganism loads depending on their structure and utilization. At 7 sampling sites in the metropolitan area of Graz, counts of airborne bacteria as well as yeasts and molds were conducted over a one-year period at two-week intervals. Bacteria and yeasts/molds counts in a village area to the South of Graz dominated by agriculture exceeded the corresponding counts in a suburban residential area fourfold (327 CFU/m3 air-bacteria) and twofold (185 CFU/m3 air-yeasts/molds) respectively. In the vicinity of a composting facility located in the same residential area, microorganism counts exceeded those of the neighboring "unaffected" area by 29% in the case of bacteria and by 54% in the case of yeasts/molds. At an industrial and business site with heavy traffic, the counts are twice that of the area affected by the composting facility (146 CFU/m3 for bacteria and 168 CFU/m3 for yeasts/molds). The proportion of Aspergillus fumigatus is highest in the village area with 23%, compared to 10% in the open land. 49% of the bacteria and 54% of the yeasts and molds can be shown on stages 4-6 of the Andersen-Volumetric-Sampler registering the respirable particle sizes.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiologie vzduchu * MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí analýza MeSH
- zdraví ve městech MeSH
- zdraví venkovských oblastí MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Rakousko epidemiologie MeSH
Four solitary aspergillomas in deer are being described. Two were found in the lungs and two in the liver. Morphologically, they were bulky, local lesions filled with homogenous, fragile, necrotic tissue of conspicuously green color. Pulmonary aspergillomas communicated with the conducting bronchus having affected fibers. The necrotic tissue of aspergillomas was interwoven by diffuse abundant fibers of Aspergillus fumigatus.
The microbiological examination of 48 ejaculates obtained by an artificial vagina revealed an average number of 178 000 germs per 1 ml of semen (1900 - 758 000). When the technique was changed, the manual method being employed, 23 ejaculates were obtained from the same boars and the microbiological examination revealed 44 200 germs per 1 ml of semen, on an average. In the second part of the trial 85 ejaculates obtained by an artificial vagina from 17 breeding boars were subject to microbiological examination. The average number of germs found in this case was 99 377 (10 000 - 400 000). When boar body was washed with water or with water and soap and rubbed with a sterile cloth, prior to each collection, the number of germs per 1 ml of semen decreased to 6071 (0 - 40 000). The reduction of the number of germs in the ejaculate of washed boars is statistically highly significant, as compared with semen collection from boars without washing. The number of fungus-bearing ejaculates decreased from the original 39.9% to 9.3%.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- chov * MeSH
- dezinfekce MeSH
- hygiena * MeSH
- prasata * MeSH
- Pseudomonadaceae izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sperma mikrobiologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The fungal and bacterial flora of the leaf surfaces of five plants growing in Egypt were studied. The fungal flora showed seasonal fluctuations with at least one peak. Twenty three genera with fifty three species were found, Aspergillus and Penicillium being most common. Other fungi showed variable percentages of the total count. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were not isolated from the phyllosphere of the five plant species. Micrococci were most predominant among the epiphytic bacteria. Spore-forming bacteria and actinomycetes were less frequent on the leaf surfaces of the associalte plants.
- MeSH
- Actinomyces izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus niger izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bacteria izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Cladosporium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- Fusarium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- houby izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Micrococcaceae izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Neurospora izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Penicillium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- rostliny mikrobiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Egypt MeSH
- MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- aspergilóza imunologie patologie veterinární MeSH
- bronchopneumonie imunologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- imunoglobuliny MeSH
- králíci * MeSH
- nemoci dýchací soustavy patologie MeSH
- plicní mykózy imunologie mikrobiologie patologie veterinární MeSH
- vysoká zvěř * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imunoglobuliny MeSH
