Disseminated fusariosis is a life-threatening, invasive, opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those with haematological malignancies. The prognosis is poor because these fungi are resistant to many of the available antifungal agents. We present a case of disseminated fusariosis caused by Fusarium proliferatum in a patient with severe aplastic anaemia complicated by a secondary infection of Aspergillus flavus, with a fatal outcome. We also review the documented Fusarium infections in immunocompromised hosts.
- Klíčová slova
- Fusarium proliferatum, PCR diagnostics, fusariosis, real-time PCR,
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- aplastická anemie komplikace MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- aspergilóza komplikace mikrobiologie MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- fusarióza komplikace diagnóza farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Fusarium účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- hostitel s imunodeficiencí * MeSH
- koinfekce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- oportunní infekce diagnóza farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- triazoly terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- posaconazole MeSH Prohlížeč
- triazoly MeSH
In the present study, genetic diversity and mycotoxin profiles of Aspergillus flavus isolated from air (indoors and outdoors), levels (surfaces), and soils of five hospitals in Southwest Iran were examined. From a total of 146 Aspergillus colonies, 63 isolates were finally identified as A. flavus by a combination of colony morphology, microscopic criteria, and mycotoxin profiles. No Aspergillus parasiticus was isolated from examined samples. Chromatographic analyses of A. flavus isolates cultured on yeast extract-sucrose broth by tip culture method showed that approximately 10% and 45% of the isolates were able to produce aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), respectively. Around 40% of the isolates produced sclerotia on Czapek-Dox agar. The isolates were classified into four chemotypes based on the ability to produce AF and CPA that majority of them (55.5%) belonged to chemotype IV comprising non-mycotoxigenic isolates. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles generated by a combination of four selected primers were used to assess genetic relatedness of 16 selected toxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates. The resulting dendrogram demonstrated the formation of two separate clusters for the A. flavus comprised both mycotoxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates in a random distribution. The obtained results in this study showed that RAPD profiling is a promising and efficient tool to determine intra-specific genetic variation among A. flavus populations from hospital environments. A. flavus isolates, either toxigenic or non-toxigenic, should be considered as potential threats for hospitalized patients due to their obvious role in the etiology of nosocomial aspergillosis.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- mikrobiologie vzduchu * MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- mykotoxiny metabolismus MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
- vybavení a zásoby nemocnice mikrobiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Írán MeSH
- Názvy látek
- mykotoxiny MeSH
The possibility of using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to speed up and specify the detection of aflatoxigenic fungi isolated from feed was investigated. The method, applied to 2 genes encoding the biosynthesis of aflatoxins (apa-2 and ver-1), was optimized on two collection cultures (Aspergillus flavus CCM F-108 and A. parasiticus CCM F-550). The specificity of the optimized PCR method was proved on collection cultures of different kinds of fungi. Fifty feed samples out of which 18 showed positive findings of aflatoxigenic fungi on an Aspergillus Flavus and Parasiticus Agar (AFPA) medium were tested. Isolated strains of Aspergillus strains were verified using the PCR method; its reaction products were detected in 1% agarose gel by electrophoresis. The results almost exclusively matched those gained from the AFPA medium.
- MeSH
- aflatoxiny genetika MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kolorimetrie MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody normy MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aflatoxiny MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
Five stored unprocessed cowpea (Vigna spp) and four groundnut (Arachis hypogeae) varieties available in Borno State were examined for the mould flora. The degree of infestation of the grains ranged from 31% to 100% and 68% to 86% for surface sterilized cowpea and groundnut respectively. The mould flora commonly encountered were species of the genera Aspergillus. Penicillium species, Scopulariopsis species and Trichoderma species were also found. The flora of the cowpea was dominated by Aspergillus niger while Aspergillus flavus was the dominant mould on groundnut.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus niger izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Fabaceae mikrobiologie MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Nigérie MeSH
In the course of six months, 60 samples of foods were examined for their contents of cyclopiazonic acid. These samples were subjected to a basal mycological screening aimed at Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp. strains. Cyclopiazonic acid contents in samples of Hermelín cheese, peanuts, rice, peeled barley grains, Folican salami, and packaged meat did not exceed the value of 0.5 mg.kg-1. When using a modification of the method of cyclopiazonic acid isolation described by Dorner et al. (1983), 521 mg of this mycotoxin were isolated from a culture of Penicillium griseofulvum CCM 8006 strain grown in liquid medium containing 2% yeast autolysate and 2.5% sucrose. About 47% of the isolated Aspergillus flavus strains were bitoxicogenic (produced both cyclopiazonic acid and aflatoxin). Cyclopiazonic acid was produced by 23.5% of the isolated Penicillium sp. strains. No cyclopiazonic acid was produced in vitro by Penicillium nalgoviensis strains from the Czechoslovak collection on sweet wort agar containing peptone from soybean. Penicillium commune F-426 and Penicillium aurantiogriseum F-708 strains are efficient producers of this acid.
- MeSH
- analýza potravin * MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- indoly analýza metabolismus MeSH
- Penicillium izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cyclopiazonic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
- indoly MeSH
A strain of Aspergillus flavus producing aflatoxins B1, G1 and M1 was obtained. Aflatoxin M1 constitutes about 5% of the total amount of aflatoxins produced. Aflatoxin M1 was isolated from a crude chloroform extract and was identified by thin silica-gel layer chromatography (TLC), by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectral analysis.
- MeSH
- aflatoxin M1 MeSH
- aflatoxiny metabolismus MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aflatoxin M1 MeSH
- aflatoxiny MeSH
In the course of four years, 20 175 samples of milk powder products for baby foods were examined. On an average, 1.18% of the products did not comply with the requirements of the Czechoslovak State Standards. Total microbe number higher than required by the standard was found in 0.36% of the samples, on an average, higher counts of enterococci in 1.02%; coliform micro-organisms were found in 0.78% of the samples. Staphylococci and salmonellae were absent. Moulds were present in 34 samples (Aspergillus flavus without the production of aflatoxin).
The authors demonstrate the production of the B1 aflatoxin by means of a strain of the fungus Aspergillus flavus which was captured on cereal feed in spring 1975. Besides the production of the mycotoxin, this fungus strain showed a very quick and intensive growth and development, in comparison with the laboratory strains of Aspergillus flavus. The obtained and isolated aflatoxin B1 could be identified by chromatography and spectral photometry only when the fungus strain was cultivated on a suitable substrate where it showed the lowest producting of the distrubing fluorescent metabolism by-products. That finding led to the conclusion that in some cases it is necessary, besides the classically used procedure of the diagnosis of aflatoxicosis, to require also the isolation of the possibly present strain of Aspergillus flavus and--after its recultivation in pure cultures on suitable media--the determination of aflatoxin production connected with their physical and chemical identification.
- MeSH
- aflatoxiny * izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- myši MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aflatoxiny * MeSH
The fungal and bacterial flora of the leaf surfaces of five plants growing in Egypt were studied. The fungal flora showed seasonal fluctuations with at least one peak. Twenty three genera with fifty three species were found, Aspergillus and Penicillium being most common. Other fungi showed variable percentages of the total count. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were not isolated from the phyllosphere of the five plant species. Micrococci were most predominant among the epiphytic bacteria. Spore-forming bacteria and actinomycetes were less frequent on the leaf surfaces of the associalte plants.
- MeSH
- Actinomyces izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus flavus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus fumigatus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus niger izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Aspergillus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bacteria izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Cladosporium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- Fusarium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- houby izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Micrococcaceae izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Neurospora izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Penicillium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- rostliny mikrobiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Egypt MeSH
