ABSTRACTBackground: European health care workers recently experienced serious challenges to their mental health. Following the extremely stressful experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine caused a humanitarian influx of refugees in need of social and healthcare. We aimed to explore: (1) how working with refugees has affected the mental well-being of health care workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) the nature of health care workers' emotional strain related to the refugee situation and the war in Ukraine.Methods: We used a combination of quantitative regression analyses and qualitative content analysis to assess data collected by an online questionnaire in 2022. The study included 1121 health care workers from the Czech arm of the international HEROES Study.Results: Quantitative findings did not indicate that working with Ukrainian refugees was reliably associated with a greater occurrence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, distress, or burnout. Qualitative analysis revealed five categories of emotional strain: impacts on working conditions, emotional reactions to refugees and the war, comparisons with the COVID-19 pandemic, and coping strategies.Conclusions: This study highlights the resilience of health care workers but also points to the need for ongoing support to address the complex emotional challenges they face during health crises.

Although we did not find a significant association between working with refugees and mental health issues, health professionals encountered emotionally challenging situations.Emotionally challenging situations involved reactions to the war and refugees, worsening working conditions, and higher subjective strain than during the COVID-19 pandemic.When comparing health workers caring for with refugees and COVID-19 patients, we found differences in their mental health issues.

• Klíčová slova
• COVID-19 pandemic, Migración, Migration, Russian-Ukrainian war, emotional strain, guerra ruso-ucraniana, malestar psicológico, pandemia de COVID-19, psychological distress,
• MeSH
• adaptace psychologická MeSH
• COVID-19 * psychologie   MeSH
• deprese psychologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duševní zdraví * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• profesionální vyhoření psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychický stres psychologie   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• uprchlíci * psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• úzkost psychologie   MeSH
• zdravotnický personál * psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Ukrajina MeSH

Insertion sequences (IS) represent mobile genetic elements that have been shown to be associated with bacterial evolution and adaptation due to their effects on genome plasticity. In Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, the numerous IS elements induce genomic rearrangements and contribute to the diversity of the global B. pertussis population. Previously, we have shown that the majority of IS-specific endogenous promoters induce the synthesis of alternative transcripts and thereby affect the transcriptional landscape of B. pertussis. Here, we describe the regulatory RNA Rfi2, which is transcribed from the Pout promoter of the IS481 gene BP1118 antisense to the adjacent fim2 gene encoding the major serotype 2 fimbrial subunit of B. pertussis. Among the classical bordetellae, Rfi2 is unique to B. pertussis, suggesting its specific role in virulence. We show that Rfi2 RNA attenuates fim2 transcription and, consequently, the production of the Fim2 protein. Interestingly, the mutant that does not produce Rfi2 displayed significantly increased cytotoxicity towards human macrophages compared to the parental strain. This observation suggests that the Rfi2-mediated reduction in cytotoxicity represents an evolutionary adaptation of B. pertussis that fine-tunes its interaction with the human host. Given the immunogenicity of Fim2, we further hypothesize that Rfi2-mediated modulation of Fim2 production contributes to immune evasion. To our knowledge, Rfi2 represents the first functionally characterized IS element-driven antisense RNA that modulates the expression of a virulence gene.

• Klíčová slova
• Bordetella pertussis, antisense RNA, cytotoxicity towards macrophages, fimbriae serotype 2, insertion sequence, modulation of virulence,
• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální MeSH
• antisense RNA * genetika   MeSH
• bakteriální fimbrie * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Bordetella pertussis * genetika   MeSH
• faktory virulence rodu Bordetella genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• pertuse * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• promotorové oblasti (genetika) MeSH
• proteiny fimbrií * genetika   metabolismus   imunologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií * MeSH
• séroskupina MeSH
• transpozibilní elementy DNA MeSH
• virulence MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny bakteriální MeSH
• antisense RNA * MeSH
• faktory virulence rodu Bordetella MeSH
• fim2 protein, Bordetella MeSH Prohlížeč
• proteiny fimbrií * MeSH
• transpozibilní elementy DNA MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional analysis from the CZecking Heart Failure in patients with advanced Chronic Kidney Disease trial (ISRCTN18275480) examined pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling in patients on chronic hemodialysis. The aims of this analysis were: 1. To analyze relations between pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling with dialysis access flow and current hydration; 2. To analyze structural heart changes associated with right ventricular-pulmonary arterial uncoupling; 3. To reveal the prevalence, etiology and severity of pulmonary hypertension in the Czech hemodialysis population. METHODS: We performed expert echocardiography, vascular access flow measurements, bioimpedance analysis, and laboratory testing in 336 hemodialysis patients. RESULTS: Pulmonary hypertension was present in 34% (114/336) patients and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial uncoupling was present in 25% of patients with pulmonary hypertension. Only weak associations between the flow of the dialysis arteriovenous access and estimated pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling was proved. There was a strong association between hydration status assessed by estimated central venous pressure with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (Rho 0.6, p < 0.0001) and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling (Rho -0.52, p < 0.0001) and association between overhydration to extracellular water ratio with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (Rho 0.31, p = 0.0001) and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling (Rho -0.29, p = 0.002). The prevalence of heart failure was significantly higher in patients with right ventricular-pulmonary arterial uncoupling (88% vs. 52%, p = 0.0003). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that optimizing volume status and treating heart failure should be prioritized in hemodialysis patients to prevent pulmonary hypertension progression and right ventricular-pulmonary arterial uncoupling.

• Klíčová slova
• Right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling, arteriovenous access flow, chronic hemodialysis, fluid overload, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension,
• MeSH
• arteria pulmonalis * patofyziologie   MeSH
• chronické selhání ledvin * terapie   komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• echokardiografie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plicní hypertenze * etiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční komory patofyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• srdeční selhání patofyziologie   komplikace   etiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

BACKGROUND: This study introduces an advanced 8-well loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system specifically designed for the automated colorimetric detection of SARS-CoV-2. Incorporating two distinct configurations having either three light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with varying emission wavelengths per well, paired with a photodiode detector, or utilizing white LED illumination with a red, green, and blue (RGB) sensor. The colorimetric LAMP aims to provide a more accessible and rapid diagnostic tool than traditional fluorescence methods due to the system's simplicity. RESULTS: We designed, assembled, and compared two colorimetric home-assembled LAMP systems, the first one based on three LEDs, each with a different color with a photodiode, and the second one having RGB and a white LED, with traditional fluorescence-based LAMP method performed on a commercial qPCR instrument. Results demonstrated that the colorimetric RT-LAMP assays achieved critical threshold time (CT), closely matching the CT value of fluorescence-based detection accomplished by the qPCR instrument. We performed the fundamental experiment employing an identical RNA copy number of 1,570copies·μL-1, getting the CT value of (16.70 ± 0.43) min (mean ± standard deviation from 23 measurements). Then, we also performed different RNA numbers of copies between the highest and lowest RNA contents of ≈ 157,000 copies·μL-1 and ≈ 1570 copies·μL-1, respectively, getting CT values from (13.30 ± 0.04) min to (13.75 ± 0.30) min and (17.04 ± 0.02) min to (17.26 ± 0.02) min, all (mean ± standard deviation from three measurements). The colorimetric systems demonstrated rapid response and precision across varied viral loads while keeping the system simple due to the colorimetric detection method. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY: The LAMP system's rapid and precise detection capabilities underscore its potential as an effective tool for point-of-need diagnostics. It is crucial for timely responses in ongoing and future pandemic scenarios. This system enhances testing accessibility and provides a robust platform for potential adaptation to other pathogenic threats, making it a valuable asset in global health diagnostics.

• Klíčová slova
• Biosensors and actuators, Colorimetric detection, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), Point-of-care diagnostics, Rapid testing technologies, SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics,
• MeSH
• COVID-19 * diagnóza   virologie   MeSH
• diagnostické techniky molekulární metody   MeSH
• kolorimetrie * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• RNA virová analýza   genetika   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 * genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• techniky amplifikace nukleových kyselin * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• RNA virová MeSH

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (18-22 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression and are associated with various diseases, including Laryngeal Cancer (LCa), which has a high mortality rate due to late diagnosis. Traditional methods for miRNA detection present several drawbacks (time-consuming steps, high cost and high false positive rate). Early-stage diagnosis and selective detection of miRNAs remain challenging. This study proposes a 3D flexible biosensor that combines nanofibers (NFs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and an inverse molecular sentinel (iMS) for enzyme-free, SERS-based detection of miRNA-223-3p, evaluated as a potential LCa biomarker. The electrospun flexible nanofibers decorated with AuNPs enhance Raman signal. Selective detection of miRNA-223-3p is achieved by immobilizing an iMS-DNA probe labeled with a Raman reporter (Cyanine 3) on the AuNPs. The iMS distinctive stem-and-loop structure undergoes a conformational change upon interaction with the miRNA-223-3p, producing an "on to off" SERS signal. The proposed sensor demonstrated a linear detection range from 10 to 250 fM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 19.50 ± 0.05 fM. The sensor selectivity was confirmed by analyzing the SERS signal behaviour in the presence of both Non-complementary miRNA and miRNA with three mismatched base pairs. This easily fabricable sensor requires no amplification and offers key advantages, including sensitivity, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.

• Klíčová slova
• Flexible sensors, Laryngeal Cancer, Nanofiber, SERS, miRNA-223-3p,
• MeSH
• biosenzitivní techniky * metody   MeSH
• časná detekce nádoru metody   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice * chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• limita detekce MeSH
• mikro RNA * analýza   genetika   MeSH
• nádory hrtanu * diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• nanovlákna * chemie   MeSH
• Ramanova spektroskopie * metody   MeSH
• zlato * chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mikro RNA * MeSH
• MIRN223 microRNA, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• zlato * MeSH

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare fibrotic lung disease with a poor prognosis. Some patients with PPFE have prominent lesions in one upper lobe. Due to the unilateral nature of lesions, similarities between some patients of PPFE and unilateral upper field pulmonary fibrosis (unilateral upper-PF) have been indicated. A 55-year-old man was referred to our hospital with PPFE, which had developed dyspnea 9 months previously. He had undergone resection of renal cancer 64 months prior to the onset of PPFE. He was administered the antifibrotic drug nintedanib, but passed away due to respiratory failure 43 months after the onset. What were impressive points in the clinical course of this PPFE patient was the similarity to unilateral upper-PF, including his medical history, and the poor prognosis. Although very rare, we do believe that the information on medical history and progression in this patient might provide suggestion into the treatment of future patients with a similar trajectory.

• Klíčová slova
• Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis, Postoperative, Prognosis, Weight loss,
• MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plicní fibróza * diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Community-acquired respiratory viral infections (CARV) significantly impact patients with hematological malignancies (HM), leading to high morbidity and mortality. However, large-scale, real-world data on CARV in these patients is limited. This study analyzed data from the EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA registry, focusing on patients with HM diagnosed with CARV during the 2023-2024 autumn-winter season. The study assessed epidemiology, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes. The study examined 1312 patients with HM diagnosed with CARV during the 2023-2024 autumn-winter season. Of these, 59.5% required hospitalization, with 13.5% needing ICU admission. The overall mortality rate was 10.6%, varying by virus: parainfluenza (21.3%), influenza (8.8%), metapneumovirus (7.1%), RSV (5.9%), or SARS-CoV-2 (5.0%). Poor outcomes were significantly associated with smoking history, severe lymphopenia, secondary bacterial infections, and ICU admission. This study highlights the severe risk CARV poses to patients with HM, especially those undergoing active treatment. The high rates of hospitalization and mortality stress the need for better prevention, early diagnosis, and targeted therapies. Given the severe outcomes with certain viruses like parainfluenza, tailored strategies are crucial to improving patient outcomes in future CARV seasons.

• Klíčová slova
• antiviral therapy, community‐acquired respiratory viral infection, hematological malignancy, secondary infection, vaccine coverage,
• MeSH
• chřipka lidská epidemiologie   mortalita   komplikace   MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   mortalita   komplikace   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hematologické nádory * mortalita   epidemiologie   MeSH
• hospitalizace MeSH
• infekce dýchací soustavy * epidemiologie   virologie   MeSH
• infekce respiračními syncytiálními viry epidemiologie   mortalita   komplikace   MeSH
• infekce získané v komunitě epidemiologie   mortalita   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Metapneumovirus izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• roční období * MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This scoping review summarizes evidence regarding the impact of civic and community engagement of young people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recognizing that the global pandemic not only brought challenges but also new opportunities to take a stance and to actively engage in communities and society, this review assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people's civic engagement across different cultural contexts and identifies key factors and processes that enable young people to engage with their community or society at large. We summarize evidence from 27 original research papers, one thought piece, and four reports conducted by global organizations such as the United Nations and OECD. Relevant research was conducted in the United States, Europe, China, Southeast Asia, South Africa, and New Zealand, addressing the development of leadership skills, civic responsibility, critical consciousness, civic and community engagement, as well as social integration. Key factors that facilitated civic engagement include national investments in online learning facilities, support for basic needs (such as education, health, and employment), and promotion and encouragement of local initiatives. The studies differed in their focus depending on the socio-cultural context encountered and future research needs to consider cultural variations and different demands on young people to inform effective practices for supporting young people's active engagement in society.

• Klíčová slova
• COVID‐19, civic engagement, positive youth development, scoping review,
• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 * MeSH
• sociální odpovědnost MeSH
• účast komunity MeSH
• vůdcovství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCC) of salivary gland origin have long been categorized as fusion-defined carcinomas owing to the almost universal presence of the gene fusion MYB::NFIB , or less commonly MYBL1::NFIB. Sinonasal AdCC is an aggressive salivary gland malignancy with no effective systemic therapy. Therefore, it is urgent to search for potentially targetable genetic alterations associated with AdCC. We have searched the authors' registries and selected all AdCCs arising in the sinonasal tract. The tumors were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, by next generation sequencing (NGS) and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) looking for MYB/MYBL1 and/or NFIB gene fusions or any novel gene fusions and/or mutations. In addition, all tumors were tested for HPV by genotyping using (q)PCR. Our cohort comprised 88 cases of sinonasal AdCC, predominantly characterized by canonical MYB::NFIB (49 cases) and MYBL1::NFIB (9 cases) fusions. In addition, noncanonical fusions EWSR1::MYB ; ACTB::MYB; ESRRG::DNM3 , and ACTN4::MYB were identified by NGS, each of them in 1 case. Among nine fusion-negative AdCCs, FISH detected rearrangements in MYB (7 cases) , NFIB (1 case), and EWSR1 (1 case). Six AdCCs lacked fusions or gene rearrangements, while 11 cases were unanalyzable. Mutational analysis was performed by NGS in 31/88 (35%) AdCCs. Mutations in genes with established roles in oncogenesis were identified in 21/31 tumors (68%), including BCOR (4/21; 19%), NOTCH1 (3/21; 14%), EP300 (3/21; 14%), SMARCA4 (2/21; 9%), RUNX1 (2/21; 9%), KDM6A (2/21; 9%), SPEN (2/21; 9%), and RIT1, MGA, RB1, PHF6, PTEN, CREBBP, DDX41, CHD2, ROS1, TAF1, CCD1, NF1, PALB2, AVCR1B, ARID1A, PPM1D, LZTR1, GEN1 , PDGFRA , each in 1 case (1/21; 5%). Additional 24 cases exhibited a spectrum of gene mutations of uncertain pathogenetic significance. No morphologic differences were observed between AdCCs with MYBL1::NFIB and MYB::NFIB fusions. Interestingly, mutations in the NOTCH genes were seen in connection with both canonical and noncanonical fusions, and often associated with high-grade histology or metatypical phenotype, as well as with poorer clinical outcome. Noncanonical fusions were predominantly observed in metatypical AdCCs. These findings emphasize the value of comprehensive molecular profiling in correlating morphologic characteristics, genetic landscape, and clinical behavior in AdCC.

• MeSH
• adenoidně cystický karcinom * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• fúze genů MeSH
• fúzní onkogenní proteiny genetika   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• hybridizace in situ fluorescenční * MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mutace * MeSH
• mutační analýza DNA MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery * genetika   MeSH
• nádory vedlejších dutin nosních * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transkripční faktory NFI genetika   MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fúzní onkogenní proteiny MeSH
• MYB-NFIB fusion protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• nádorové biomarkery * MeSH
• NFIB protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• transkripční faktory NFI MeSH

AIMS: Sinonasal adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare tumour classified as a variant of squamous cell carcinoma, exhibiting both squamous and glandular differentiation. ASC has a poorer prognosis compared to sinonasal mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), another uncommon tumour in this region. ASC is believed to originate from metaplastic squamous epithelium, though it may also arise from respiratory epithelium in respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) or seromucinous glands in seromucinous hamartoma (SH). METHODS AND RESULTS: Five cases of sinonasal ASC were retrieved from our registry. Initially, they were classified as sinonasal MEC (n = 3), ASC (n = 2), and carcinoma ex REAH (n = 1). All cases showed adenosquamous malignant proliferation beneath the surface respiratory epithelium with occasional squamous metaplasia, except for one case that showed dysplasia. The respiratory epithelium exhibited an inverted growth pattern consistent with REAH/SH, and displayed atypical sinonasal glands (ASGSH) arising within seromucinous hamartoma. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed multiple pathogenic mutations in two cases, and in case 4 GGA2::PRKCB and EYA2::SERINC3 gene fusions. One case was positive for high-risk HPV. None of the cases exhibited CRTC1/3::MAML2 gene fusion. CONCLUSION: The connection between ASGSH and ASC has not been described in the literature. There is a growing need for additional studies on the morphological, immunohistochemical, and genetic aspects of these tumours. SH/REAH may serve as precursor lesions in the progression of atypical sinonasal glands to malignancy, and their role in tumour development deserves further investigation.

• Klíčová slova
• EYA2, GGA2, PRKCB, SERINC3, HPV, adenosquamous carcinoma, genetic, mucoepidermoid carcinoma,
• MeSH
• adenoskvamózní karcinom * patologie   genetika   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hamartom * patologie   genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory vedlejších dutin nosních patologie   genetika   MeSH
• respirační sliznice patologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH