The adherence of bladder uroepithelial cells, subsequent expression, and regulation of type 1 fimbrial genes (key mediator of attachment) in clinical multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli (MDR-UPECs) isolated from individuals with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) remain unexplored till date. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the adherence of clinical MDR-ABU-UPECs to human a uroepithelial cell line (HTB-4), both in the absence and presence of D-Mannose. These investigations focused on phase variation, expression, and regulation of type 1 fimbriae and were compared to a prototype ABU-strain (E. coli 83972) and symptomatic MDR-UPECs. Discordant to the ABU prototype strain, MDR-ABU-UPECs exhibited remarkable adhesive capacity that was significantly reduced after D-mannose exposure, fairly like the MDR symptomatic UPECs. The type 1 fimbrial phase variation, determined by the fim switch analysis, asserted the statistically significant incidence of "both OFF and ON" orientation among the adherent MDR-ABU-UPECs with a significant reduction in phase-ON colonies post-D-mannose exposure, akin to the symptomatic ones. This was indicative of an operative and alternating type 1 fimbrial phase switch. The q-PCR assay revealed a coordinated action of the regulatory factors; H-NS, IHF, and Lrp on the expression of FimB and FimE recombinases, which further controlled the function of fimH and fimA genes in ABU-UPECs, similar to symptomatic strains. Therefore, this study is the first of its kind to provide an insight into the regulatory crosstalk of different cellular factors guiding the adhesion of ABU-UPECs to the host. Additionally, it also advocated for the need to accurately characterize ABU-UPECs.

• Klíčová slova
• Adhesive capacity, Asymptomatic uropathogenic Escherichia coli, FimBE recombinases, Symptomatic uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Type 1 fimbriae-regulating factors, Type 1 fimbrial phase variation,
• MeSH
• adheziny Escherichia coli genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální adheze * MeSH
• bakteriální fimbrie * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• epitelové buňky * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mannosa metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence * genetika   MeSH
• proteiny fimbrií * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií MeSH
• uropatogenní Escherichia coli * genetika   účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adheziny Escherichia coli MeSH
• mannosa MeSH
• proteiny fimbrií * MeSH
• proteiny z Escherichia coli MeSH

BACKGROUND: Significant bacteriuria is very important marker of urinary tract infection. The standard method for diagnosis of UTI is quantitative urine culture and identification of bacteria. For rapid enumeration of bacteria in urine semiautomatic systems were developed. Aim of the study was to compare the results of the conventional urine culture method with nephelometric enumeration of bacterial cells in urine. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Urine samples were evaluated simultaneously by Uro-Quick and quantitative urine culture. RESULTS: In summary 1 653 urine samples were elaborated, 402 (83.05 %) from 484 positive samples had positive results in Uro-Quick. Sensitivity of Uro-Quick was 0.83, specificity 0.95, positive predictive value 0.85, negative predictive value 0.93 and accuracy 90.68. Culture time extension improved statistical performance characteristic of Uro-Quick. Problem of the method is the detection of the low amounts of microorganisms. Uro-Quick did not detected microbial growth in 16.77 % of samples containing >/= ten to the fourth CFU/ml of microorganisms. The advantage of Uro-Quick is the speed, 73.93 % of the samples with high microbial concentrations (>/= ten to the fifth CFU/ml) were detected in three hours. CONCLUSION: Uro-Quick offers rapid detection of urine samples with high microbial concentrations, but did not replace the quantitative culture of. Nephelometric detection is necessary to complete with agar plate cultivation.

• MeSH
• Bacteria růst a vývoj   MeSH
• bakteriurie diagnóza   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• indikátorové diluční techniky * MeSH
• infekce močového ústrojí diagnóza   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nefelometrie a turbidimetrie MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reagenční diagnostické soupravy * MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• reagenční diagnostické soupravy * MeSH

The lytic properties of 21 bacteriophages constituting a new typing set for Proteus were examined in 507 Proteus mirabilis and 29 P. vulgaris strains isolated from patients and healthy subjects. Comparison of their morphological, serological, genetic and lytic properties showed that, in the Myoviridae and Podoviridae families, some phages were so closely related that the presence of all of them in the set was redundant. Analysis of the lytic properties revealed that some of the bacteriophages were not active enough to facilitate the differentiation of Proteus strains. The size of the final typing set was reduced from 21 to 12 phages but it was suggested that, in order to improve the differentiation capacity of the set, new phages should be included.

• MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• fagotypizace metody   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Myoviridae MeSH
• Podoviridae MeSH
• Proteus mirabilis klasifikace   MeSH
• Proteus vulgaris klasifikace   MeSH
• Siphoviridae MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Mathematical relationships for simple models of the filling and evacuation of the urinary bladder have been found and analyzed. These make the determination of the concentration of microbes in the urinary bladder at a given moment possible in relation to different parameters such as the rate of urine flow from the ureters, the microbe concentration in urine, the reproduction rate of microorganisms, the capacity of the urinary bladder and the size of the residue which remains in the bladder after miction.

• MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• močení fyziologie   MeSH
• močový měchýř anatomie a histologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• urodynamika fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Escherichia coli was isolated from the urine of patients with pyelonephritis, with urinary tract infections other than pyelonephritis and with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Surface properties of the strains were analyzed by the salting-out aggregation test (SAT), hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC), Congo red binding (Crb), agglutination of erythrocytes (MRHA) and latex particles covered by digalactoside (PF) and by adherence to tissue culture cells. In addition, a DNA probe for the pap gene was used. The DNA probe detected the highest proportion of strains with pap gene in the group of patients with pyelonephritis, lower in the urinary tract infections other than pyelonephritis and the lowest in the group with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Tests for P-fimbriae (PF, MRHA) showed a similar distribution. Hydrophobicity measured by SAT and by HIC did not show differences among the tested groups of strains. The results suggest that factors other than the P-fimbriae and hydrophobicity may contribute to the persistence of E. coli in the urinary tract.

• MeSH
• bakteriální adheze genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• bakteriální fimbrie fyziologie   MeSH
• bakteriální geny MeSH
• bakteriurie etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• disacharidy chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• DNA sondy MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   patogenita   fyziologie   MeSH
• hemaglutinace MeSH
• infekce močového ústrojí etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• latex fixační testy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• pyelonefritida etiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• receptory buněčného povrchu metabolismus   MeSH
• sacharidové sekvence MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 4-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-galactose MeSH Prohlížeč
• disacharidy MeSH
• DNA sondy MeSH
• galactose receptor MeSH Prohlížeč
• receptory buněčného povrchu MeSH

• MeSH
• Bacteria izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• infekce močového ústrojí diagnóza   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Widespread use of gentamicin in Czechoslovakia began in 1975 when it became more available, although its use remained restricted until 1986. Starting in 1980 a remarkable increase in gentamicin resistance was observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and several Proteus species, especially Proteus rettgeri. A large proportion of gentamicin-resistant strains came from the urine of hospitalized patients. In spite of infection control measures and restrictive antibiotic policy, gentamicin resistance has increased over the last years. In 1985 gentamicin resistance of bacteria in Czechoslovakia represented 18.2% and was higher than in Austria or the Federal Republic of Germany, for example, but lower than in Hungary, France, Greece and Italy. The usage of gentamicin has also increased. During the years 1982-1987 gentamicin usage in Czechoslovakia increased by one-half. In a representative collection of 69 gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative strains from seven regions of Czechoslovakia, the mechanisms of resistance to gentamicin, netilmicin, tobramycin and amikacin were studied. Production of acetyltransferases (AAC) and adenylyltransferases (ANT) was observed in 84% of strains. The majority of isolates produced AAC(3) enzymes (55%); production of ANT(2") represented the second most observed resistance mechanism (35%); only 14% of isolates produced AAC(6'). This resistance pattern correlates with patterns reported recently for Central and Southern Europe. Due to dissemination of plasmids coding for the AAC(3)-II enzyme, the majority of Czechoslovak gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative strains were also tobramycin- (87%) and netilmicin-resistant (68%). Amikacin remains the most effective aminoglycoside against multiresistant bacterial strains.

• MeSH
• acetyltransferasy biosyntéza   MeSH
• amikacin farmakologie   MeSH
• antibiotická rezistence MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• gentamiciny farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• gramnegativní bakterie účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• netilmicin farmakologie   MeSH
• nukleotidyltransferasy biosyntéza   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• spotřeba léčiv MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH
• Názvy látek
• acetyltransferasy MeSH
• amikacin MeSH
• gentamicin 2''-nucleotidyltransferase MeSH Prohlížeč
• gentamicin 3-acetyltransferase MeSH Prohlížeč
• gentamiciny MeSH
• netilmicin MeSH
• nukleotidyltransferasy MeSH

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků   MeSH
• kyselina nalidixová farmakologie   MeSH
• kyselina oxolinová farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• ofloxacin farmakologie   MeSH
• Pseudomonas účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• kyselina nalidixová MeSH
• kyselina oxolinová MeSH
• ofloxacin MeSH

• MeSH
• bakteriologické techniky * MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Staphylococcus izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Multi-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated mainly from urine specimens from patients at the Department of Urology, Kramáre Hospital, Bratislava, were characterized for resistance phenotype. Seventeen gentamicin-resistant isolates were further studied for the presence of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Five enzymes were detected: AAC(2'), AAC(3)-II, AAC non-characterized, ANT(2") and APH(3')-I. The substrate range of these enzymes was found to correlate with the resistance phenotype in most isolates. In our collection the AAC(3)-II enzyme that inactivates gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin and netilmicin was predominant. Predominance of this type of modifying enzyme has been observed also in resistant Gram-negative strains in Belgium, The Netherlands and Chile, in contrast to the United States, Federal Republic of Germany, Switzerland, Greece and Turkey, where ANT(2") has been the most common enzyme.

• MeSH
• acetyltransferasy metabolismus   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• antibiotická rezistence MeSH
• bakteriurie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• enterobakteriální infekce mikrobiologie   MeSH
• gentamiciny farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH
• Názvy látek
• acetyltransferasy MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• gentamiciny MeSH