Candida albicans is the main causative agent of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), a common mycosis in women, relapses of which are difficult to manage due to biofilm formation. This study aimed at developing novel non-toxic compounds active against Candida spp. biofilms. We synthesised analogues of natural antifungal peptides LL-III (LL-III/43) and HAL-2 (peptide VIII) originally isolated from bee venoms and elucidated their structures by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The haemolytic, cytotoxic, antifungal and anti-biofilm activities of LL-III/43 and peptide VIII were then tested. LL-III/43 and VIII showed moderate cytotoxicity to HUVEC-2 cells and had comparable inhibitory activity against C. albicans and non-albicans spp. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of LL-III/43 was observed towards Candida tropicalis (0.8 µM). That was 8-fold lower than that of antimycotic amphotericin B. Both peptides can be used to inhibit Candida spp. bio film f ormation. Biofilm inhibitory concentrations (BIC50) ranged from 0.9 to 58.6 µM and biofilm eradication concentrations (BEC50) for almost all tested Candida spp. strains ranged from 12.8 to 200 µM. Als o pro ven were the peptides' abilities to reduce the area colonised by biofilms , inhibit hyphae formation and permeabilise cell membranes in biofil ms . LL-III/43 and VIII are promising candidates for further development as therapeutics against VVC.
- Klíčová slova
- Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, antifungal peptides, biofilm eradication, biofilm inhibition, vulvovaginal candidiasis,
- MeSH
- amfotericin B farmakologie MeSH
- antifungální látky chemická syntéza farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- Candida účinky léků MeSH
- endoteliální buňky pupečníkové žíly (lidské) účinky léků MeSH
- hyfy účinky léků MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální mikrobiologie MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy chemická syntéza farmakologie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- včelí jedy chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- amfotericin B MeSH
- antifungální látky MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy MeSH
- včelí jedy MeSH
Candida bracarensis is an emerging cryptic species within the Candida glabrata clade. To date, little is known about its epidemiology, virulence, and antifungal susceptibility. This study documents the occurrence of C. bracarensis for the first time in Mexico and focuses on its in vitro production of hydrolytic enzymes, as well as antifungal susceptibility to echinocandins. This strain was isolated from a vaginal swab of a female with vulvovaginal candidosis; exhibited a very strong activity of aspartyl proteinase, phospholipase, and hemolysin; and was susceptible to caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin (MIC = 0.031 μg/mL). Data obtained could contribute to the knowledge of the epidemiology and virulence attributes of this yeast as a fungal opportunistic human pathogen.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Candida klasifikace účinky léků enzymologie fyziologie MeSH
- DNA fungální genetika MeSH
- genom fungální MeSH
- hydrolasy metabolismus MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mikrobiální viabilita účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Mexiko MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- DNA fungální MeSH
- hydrolasy MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH
Lasioglossins are a group of peptides with identified antimicrobial activity. The inhibitory effects of two synthetic lasioglossin derivatives, LLIII and D-isomeric variant LLIII-D, on morphological changes in Candida albicans in vitro and the effect of local administration of LLIII during experimental murine candidiasis were investigated. C. albicans blastoconidia were grown in the presence of lasioglossin LLIII or LLIII-D at concentrations of 11.5 μM and 21 μM, respectively, for 1, 2 and 3 days and their viability determined by flow cytometry using eosin Y staining. Morphological changes were examined by light and fluorescent microscopy. The Candida-inhibitory effect of daily intravaginal administration of 0.7 or 1.4 μg of LLIII was assessed in mice with experimentally-induced vaginal candidiasis. LLIII and LLIII-D lasioglossins exhibited candidacidal activity in vitro (>76% after 24 hr and >84% after 48 hr of incubation). After 72 hr incubation of Candida with low concentration of lasioglossins, an increase in viability was detected, probably due to a Candida antimicrobial peptides evasion strategy. Furthermore, lasioglossins inhibited temperature-induced morphotype changes toward hyphae and pseudohyphae with sporadic occurrence of atypical cells with two or enlarged nuclei, suggesting interference with mitosis or cytokinesis. Local application of LLIII reduced the duration of experimental candidiasis with no evidence of adverse effects. Lasioglossin LLIII is a promising candidate for development as an antimicrobial drug for treating the vaginal candidiasis.
- Klíčová slova
- Antimicrobial peptides, Candida albicans, lasioglossins, vaginal candidiasis,
- MeSH
- antifungální látky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- aplikace intravaginální MeSH
- Candida albicans účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši inbrední DBA MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- kationické antimikrobiální peptidy MeSH
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a hormonal-dependent infection but in contrast to sporadic VVC, therapy of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is still unsolved. Long-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate was evaluated for the management of RVVC. Overall, 20 patients were treated with Depo-Provera; 14 patients were treated with Provera. Gestagen therapy was evaluated based on visual analogue scale (VAS), the frequency of attacks, the side effects of gestagens and the consumption of antifungals. There was a reduced symptomatology in both of the groups and substantial reduction in antifungal drug consumption during the second year of gestagen use. Twenty-four patients (70.6%) evaluated their condition regarding the vulvovaginal area as improvement (VAS decrease of 3-5 points). Five patients (14.7%) mentioned minimal or no improvement. Further, a number of antifungal drug-treated episodes dropped dramatically during the study period. Both regimes provided similar results, but five patients from the Depo-Provera group had to withdraw from gestagen therapy. Gestagen supplementation ameliorated the quality of life for the majority of patients with RVVC and suggested a potential role in the management of this syndrome, even if beneficial effect was evident after longer application, and some patients met with side effects that led to an interruption of therapy.
- Klíčová slova
- gestagens, hormonal imbalance, quality of life, recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, vulvovaginal discomfort,
- MeSH
- antifungální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Candida izolace a purifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- čas MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- management nemoci MeSH
- medroxyprogesteronacetát aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- progestiny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- vizuální analogová stupnice MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- medroxyprogesteronacetát MeSH
- progestiny MeSH
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second most common vaginal infection after bacterial vaginosis. It is caused by yeasts, the vast majority of which belong to the genus Candida. Vulvovaginal candidiasis affects as many as 75 % of women during their childbearing years and 40 % of them experience recurrences. The most common etiological agent is Candida albicans, which is responsible for nearly 90 % of cases. Vulvovaginal candidiasis can be treated with topical and/or systemic antifungals while risk factors for the infection must be eliminated.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Candida albicans fyziologie MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální farmakoterapie epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to examine the role of microscopy using stained smears for diagnosis of vulvovavaginal infections: DESIGN: Description of different scoring systems. SETTINGS: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Medical Faculty, Charles University; General Teaching Hospital, Prague; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Microbiology and Antibiotic Center, First Medical Faculty, Charles University. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Presentation of our practical skills in microscopic diagnoses of vulvovaginal infections. CONCLUSIONS: Vulvovaginal infections are a common problem which we encounter in daily gynaecological practice. Microscopic examination represents the gold standard in the diagnosis of vulvovaginal infections. However, providing microscopy in an outpatient setting is very time-consuming. The vaginal smear can be sent to a laboratory to stain and to be microscopically examined under oil immersion. For this purpose we recommend taking two smears for Gram and Giemsa stain and combining microscopical examination with cultures for detecting the presence of Candida species and for Trichomonas vaginalis. Where appropriate, it is also necessary to obtain cervical smears for detection of C. trachomatis and N. gonnorhoeae infection.
- MeSH
- barvicí látky * MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- trichomonádová vaginitida diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- vaginální stěr * MeSH
- vulvovaginitida diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- barvicí látky * MeSH
Total mRNA of Candida strains( isolated form whole vaginal swabs) was investigated and the in vivo expression of C. albicans secreted aspartyl proteinase (SAP4), aglutinin-like sequence (ALS1) and hyphal wall protein (HWP1) genes was determined. A spectrum of gene expression profiles of strain isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC) cases consisting of 10 pregnant, 4 postmenopausal, and 15 reproductive age (12 primary and 3 recurrent) 9 women with different estrogen level. Expression of SAP4, ALS1 and HWP1 genes was evaluated by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using specific primer sets. The expression of ALS1, HWP1, and SAP4 was detected as 69, 62, and 38 %, respectively, in all cases. In pregnant, postmenopausal, and reproductive age women with VVC, the expression of ALS1 was observed as 70, 75, 67%, and HWP 60, 25, 73% respectively . Expression of SAP4 was found in pregnant, postmenopausal, and reproductive age women as 40, 50, and 33% respectively. Expression of teh adhesion genes in VVC does not correlate with estrogen level of patients.
- MeSH
- aspartátové endopeptidasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Candida albicans genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- exprese genu * MeSH
- fungální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- membránové glykoproteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- postmenopauza MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- ALS1 protein, Candida albicans MeSH Prohlížeč
- aspartátové endopeptidasy MeSH
- fungální proteiny MeSH
- HWP1 protein, Candida albicans MeSH Prohlížeč
- membránové glykoproteiny MeSH
- SAP4 protein, Candida albicans MeSH Prohlížeč
OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of differrent candida strains and their sensitivity to different antimycotic treatment in women with vulvovaginal candidosis. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and the General Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague. UKLB, Clinical microbiology and ATB center, 1st Faculty of Medicine and the General Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Milosrdných bratrí, Brno. PATIENTS: 124 women with symptomatic vulvovaginal candidosis were included in the study between January and October 2003. After complete clinical exam, vaginal pH, wet prep, the cultures were taken for special fungal examination. RESULTS: In 92% of patient was confirmed infection with C. albicans, from topical antifugal agents were most sensitive to nystatin and pimaricin (100% cases), from oral antifugal agents to fluconasol, itraconasol and ketokonasol in 97-98% cases. C. nonalbicans strains were confirmed in 8% cases of vaginitis and there were similiar sensitivity to topical antifugal agents as in C. albicans strains. To oral antifugal agents there were in 10% resistance to fluconasol and in 20% to itraconasol. CONCLUSION: In this study we did not confirmed the higher prevalence of C. nonalbicans strains in vulvovaginal candidiasis, in literature the prevalence is 10-15%. We did not confirmed the increasing resistance to antifugal agents.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Candida účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fungální léková rezistence * MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- vagina mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the microbiological findings in the patients with the recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) with a focus on the establishment of fungal etiology and its in vitro antifungal susceptibility. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical and laboratory study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague. METHODS: An analysis of clinical and anamnestic data in outpatients of the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the laboratory data from the microbiological examinations performed in the Dept. of Clinical Microbiology from 1995 to 2002. RESULTS: Candida albicans accounted for 88.5% of the episodes of RVVC in the setting of 56 patients. Non-albicans Candida species were represented especially by C. glabrata (4.9%) and C. krusei (3.1%). There were no considerable differences between the spectrum of RVVC and acute vulvovaginal candidiasis with the exception of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.7% in RVVC vs. 3.7% in acute VVC). Mycological findings in 61 (20.5%) samples were accompanied by bacterial microbiota with the predominance of Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 15) and Gardnerella vaginalis (n = 9). Decreased antifungal susceptibility determined by the disk test was observed in the strains of C. glabrata, C. krusei and S. cerevisiae, the other yeast isolates being susceptible to all ten antifungal drugs tested. CONCLUSION: The microbiological examination was decisive for the establishment of the diagnosis of RVVC in most cases. The most frequent etiological agents responsible for the attacks of RVVC as well as for acute vulvovaginal candidiasis was C. albicans, which was generally susceptible to antifungal drugs.
- MeSH
- akutní nemoc MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Candida izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae izolace a purifikace MeSH
- vagina mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: A review of the role of yeasts in indigenous microbiota with the focus on urogenital tract. The yeast in vaginal environment and their relation to acute and recurrent form of vulvovaginal candidiasis. DESIGN: A review. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Charles University, Hradec Králové. SUBJECT AND METHODS: Review of current literature data with the contribution on own experience. CONCLUSIONS: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most frequent complaints in patients attending gynecologist. Recurrent form of this disease is still an unsolved problem because the etiopathogenesis is unexplained and successful therapeutic management from the point of view of next attacks is very difficulty.
- MeSH
- Candida růst a vývoj MeSH
- kandidóza vulvovaginální diagnóza mikrobiologie terapie přenos MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- močové ústrojí mikrobiologie MeSH
- urogenitální systém mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
