Twenty-four blood serum samples from patients with acute methanol poisoning (M) from the mass methanol poisoning outbreak in the Czech Republic in 2012 were compared with 46 patient samples taken four years after poisoning (S) (overlap of 10 people with group M) and with a control group (C) of 24 samples of patients with a similar proportion of chronic alcohol abuse. When comparing any two groups, tens to hundreds of proteins with a significant change in concentration were identified. Fifteen proteins showed significant changes when compared between any two groups. The group with acute methanol poisoning showed significant changes in protein concentrations for at least 64 proteins compared to the other groups. Among the most important identified proteins closely related to intoxication are mainly those involved in blood coagulation, metabolism of vitamin A (increased retinol-binding protein), immune response (e.g., increased complement factor I, complement factors C3 and C5), and lipid transport (increased apolipoprotein A I, apolipoprotein A II, adiponectin). For blood coagulation, the most affected proteins with significant changes in the methanol poisoning group were von Willebrand factor, carboxypeptidase N, alpha-2-antiplasmin (all increased), inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4, kininogen-1, plasma serine protease inhibitor, plasminogen (all decreased). However, heparin administration used for the methanol poisoning group could have interfered with some of the changes in their concentrations. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD035726.

• MeSH
• alkoholismus * MeSH
• hemokoagulace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methanol MeSH
• otrava * epidemiologie   MeSH
• proteom MeSH
• sérum MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• methanol MeSH
• proteom MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relative percentage of acute recreational drug toxicity emergency department (ED) presentations involving the main drug groups according to age and sex and investigate different patterns based on sex and age strata. METHODS: We analysed all patients with acute recreational drug toxicity included by the Euro-DEN Plus dataset (22 EDs in 14 European countries) between October 2013 and December 2016 (39 months). Drugs were grouped as: opioids, cocaine, cannabis, amphetamines, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), hallucinogens, new psychoactive substances (NPS), benzodiazepines and ketamine. Descriptive data by age and sex are presented and compared among age/sex categories and among drug families. RESULTS: Of 17,371 patients were included during the 39-month period, 17,198 (99.0%) had taken at least one of the investigated drugs (median age: 31 years; 23.9% female; ethanol co-ingestion recorded in 41.5%, unknown in 31.2%; multiple drug use in 37.9%). Opioids (in 31.4% of patients) and amphetamines (23.3%) were the most frequently involved and hallucinogens (1.9%) and ketamine (1.7%) the least. Overall, female patients were younger than males, both in the whole cohort (median age 29 vs. 32 years; p < 0.001) and in all drug groups except benzodiazepines (median age 36 vs. 36 years; p = 0.83). The relative proportion of each drug group was different at every age strata and some patterns could be clearly described: cannabis, NPS and hallucinogens were the most common in patients <20 years; amphetamines, ketamine and cocaine in the 20- to 39-year group; GHB/GBL in the 30- to 39-year group; and opioids and benzodiazepines in patients ≥40 years. Ethanol and other drug co-ingestion was more frequent at middle-ages, and multidrug co-ingestion was more common in females than males. CONCLUSION: Differences in the drugs involved in acute drug toxicity presentations according to age and sex may be relevant for developing drug-prevention and education programs for some particular subgroups of the population based on the increased risk of adverse events in specific sex and/or age strata.

• Klíčová slova
• Recreational drugs, acute toxicity, age, emergency department, epidemiology, sex,
• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• databáze faktografické MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• otrava diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• rekreační užívání drog trendy   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• urgentní služby nemocnice trendy   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zakázané drogy klasifikace   otrava   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• zakázané drogy MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To fill the existing research gap related to long-term costs of postacute care in methanol poisoning survivors, healthcare cost for 6 years after the outbreak has been modelled and estimated. DESIGN: In a prospective longitudinal cohort study, data collected from 55 survivors of the Czech methanol mass poisoning outbreak in 2012 were collected in four rounds (5 months, then 2, 4 and 6 years after the discharge) in the General University Hospital in Prague according to the same predefined study protocol. The collected data were used to inform the cost model. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: All 83 patients discharged from a hospital poisoning treatment after the 2012 methanol outbreak were informed about the study and invited to participate. Fifty-five patients (66%) gave their written informed consent and were followed until their death or the last follow-up 6 years later. The costs were modelled from the Czech healthcare service (general health insurance) perspective. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long-term national budget impact of the methanol poisoning outbreak, frequencies of sequelae and their average costs. RESULTS: The postacute cost analysis concentrated on visual and neurological sequelae that were shown to be dominant. Collected data were used to create process maps portraying gradual changes in long-term sequelae over time. Individual process maps were created for the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, sequelae detected during eye examinations and sequelae concerning the visual evoked potentials. Based on the process maps the costs of the postacute outpatient care were estimated. CONCLUSIONS: In 2013-2019 the highest costs per patient related to postacute care were found in the first year; the average costs decreased afterwards, and remained almost constant for the rest of the studied period of time. These costs per patient ranged from CZK4142 in 2013 to CZK1845 in 2018, when they raised to CZK2519 in 2019 again.

• Klíčová slova
• health economics, neurology, ophthalmology, toxicology,
• MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• methanol * MeSH
• náklady na zdravotní péči MeSH
• otrava * epidemiologie   MeSH
• přežívající MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• subakutní péče MeSH
• zrakové evokované potenciály MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• methanol * MeSH

BACKGROUND: Methanol is a widely used industrial short-chain aliphatic alcohol with known neurotoxic properties. Mass poisoning outbreaks due to the consumption of methanol-adulterated alcoholic drinks present a challenge to healthcare providers due to the high mortality and serious central nervous system (CNS) damage in survivors. However, the impact of methanol exposure on the peripheral nervous system is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of acute methanol exposure in the development of peripheral polyneuropathy (PNP) during the years following discharge from the hospital. METHODS: A total of 55 patients with confirmed methanol poisoning (mean age of 47.9 ± 3.6 years; 9 females) were examined 4 times within a 6-year prospective longitudinal cohort study. The program included neurological and electromyographic examinations, visual evoked potentials, ocular examinations with retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measurements, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and a series of biochemical and toxicological tests. RESULTS: PNP was observed in 20/55 (36 %) patients, which, in most of the cases, was mild axonal sensorimotor neuropathy. In 8/55 (15 %) patients, worsening of electromyographic findings was registered during the follow-up period, including 5 cases with newly diagnosed PNP and 3 cases of PNP progression. In one subject, complete reversal of PNP was registered after cessation of alcohol intake. The patients with PNP were significantly older (57.3 ± 5.3 versus 42.5 ± 3.9 years; p < 0.001), with higher blood glucose (5.93 ± 0.97 versus 4.81 ± 0.32 mmol/L; p = 0.035) and lower vitamin B1 (45.5 ± 7.4 versus 57.5 ± 5.2 ug/L; p = 0.015) concentrations. The number of chronic alcohol abusers was significantly higher in the PNP group (17/20 versus 20/35; p = 0.034). No associations between PNP prevalence/ dynamics and acute parameters of poisoning severity, arterial blood pH (7.26 ± 0.07 with PNP versus 7.18 ± 0.09 without PNP; p = 0.150), or serum methanol (1320.0 ± 700.0 with PNP versus 1430.0 ± 510.0 mg/L without PNP; p = 0.813) and ethanol (460.0 ± 560.0 with PNP versus 340.0 ± 230.0 mg/L without PNP; p = 0.675) concentrations at admission were found. No difference in the number of patients with visual (9/20 with PNP versus 12/35 patients without PNP; p = 0.431) and CNS sequelae (9/20 with PNP versus 15/35 patients without PNP; p = 0.877) of poisoning was present. DISCUSSION: Despite the relatively high number of PNP cases, no association was found between the severity of acute methanol poisoning and the prevalence of PNP and its dynamics during six years of observation. We did not find an association between methanol-induced visual/ brain damage and the prevalence of PNP in survivors of poisoning. A high prevalence of PNP and its progression might be attributed to other causes, mainly a history of chronic alcohol abuse and insufficiently treated diabetes mellitus. Our results highlight the importance of complete cessation of alcohol consumption and better control of glycaemia in diabetic patients in the prevention and treatment of peripheral PNP.

• Klíčová slova
• Chronic alcoholism, Electromyography, Long-term health sequelae, Methanol poisoning, Peripheral polyneuropathy,
• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• methanol otrava   MeSH
• nemoci periferního nervového systému chemicky indukované   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• otrava diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• methanol MeSH

Context: The influence of co-morbid conditions on the outcome of acute methanol poisoning in mass poisoning outbreaks is not known.Objective: The objective of this is to study the impact of burden of co-morbidities, complications, and methanol-induced brain lesions on hospital, follow-up, and total mortality.Methods: All patients hospitalized with methanol poisoning during a mass poisoning outbreak were followed in a prospective cohort study until death or final follow-up after 6 years. The age-adjusted Charlson co-morbidity index (ACCI) score was calculated for each patient. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to calculate the adjusted hazards ratio (HR) for death. The survival was modeled using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results: Of 108 patients (mean age with SD 50.9 ± 2.6 years), 24 (54.4 ± 5.9 years) died during hospitalization (mean survival with SD 8 ± 4 days) and 84 (49.9 ± 3.0 years; p = .159) were discharged, including 27 with methanol-induced brain lesions. Of the discharged patients, 15 (56.3 ± 6.8 years) died during the follow-up (mean survival 37 ± 11 months) and 69 (48.5 ± 3.3 years; p = .044) survived. The hospital mortality was 22%, the follow-up mortality was 18%; the total mortality was 36%. Cardiac/respiratory arrest, acute respiratory failure, multiorgan failure syndrome, and arterial hypotension increased the HR for hospital and total (but not follow-up) mortality after adjustment for age, sex, and arterial pH (all p < .05). All patients who died in the hospital had at least one complication. A higher ACCI score was associated with greater total mortality (HR 1.22; 1.00-1.48 95% CI; p = .046). Of those who died, 35 (90%) had a moderate-to-high ACCI. The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that patients with a high ACCI had greater follow-up mortality compared to ones with low (p = .027) or moderate (p = .020) scores. For the patients who died during follow-up, cancers of different localizations were responsible for 7/15 (47%) of the deaths.Conclusions: The character and number of complications affected hospital but not follow-up mortality, while the burden of co-morbidities affected follow-up mortality. Methanol-induced brain lesions did not affect follow-up mortality. Relatively high cancer mortality rate may be associated with acute exposure to metabolic formaldehyde produced by methanol oxidation.

• Klíčová slova
• Acute methanol poisoning, co-morbidities, complications, follow-up mortality, formaldehyde, hospital mortality, prognosis,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• formaldehyd metabolismus   otrava   MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• methanol farmakokinetika   otrava   MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mortalita v nemocnicích * MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• otrava epidemiologie   mortalita   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• formaldehyd MeSH
• methanol MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The study focuses on the 2012 methanol outbreak in the Czech Republic. The main goal of the present study was to apply analytical and descriptive tools to selected qualitative and quantitative processes related to the 2012 methanol outbreak in the Czech Republic. The secondary goal was to study and evaluate in detail their potential for creating integrated conceptual national policies aimed at eliminating the risk of methanol poisoning in the future. METHODS: The presented qualitative analysis focused on the content of documents published by Czech public authorities - the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of the Interior, the Czech Agriculture and Food Inspection Authority, and the Regional Public Health Authorities - as well as the content of the relevant legal regulations. Moreover, statistical data concerning the number of hospitalisations and deaths due to the methanol intoxication were used to provide a background to a detailed description of the relevant facts. RESULTS: In procedural terms, most of the analysed measures focused on a strongly restrictive regulation of sales, regular information channels designed to protect consumers on the national as well as international level, and elimination of further health and economic risks stemming from the dangerous alcoholic products that had already entered distribution networks. The health, social and economic consequences of such activities are quantified at a highly aggregated level. The analysed institutional ties are evaluated also in the context of international documents: the European Action Plan to Reduce Harmful Use of Alcohol 2012-2020 and the Global Strategy to Reduce Harmful Use of Alcohol, and their current potential for steering public policies is assessed. CONCLUSION: The analysis and evaluation of procedural activities carried out after the methanol outbreak have laid the foundations for a multidimensional study that can contribute to integrated national policy concepts aimed at preventing these and similar negative health, societal and economic consequences. Six years after the methanol outbreak, national and regional health policies have reflected no findings concerning the experience of patients whose health was impaired due to methanol, and the economic cost of the event has not been calculated. The quality of life of these patients has greatly decreased due to permanent or partial incapacity and serious upheavals of their and their families' economic and social conditions. This opens the question of researching and evaluating multiple aspects of health, social and economic impacts of harmful use of alcohol and setting up processes to mitigate these impacts.

• Klíčová slova
• methanol, poisoning, public health,
• MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby * MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methanol otrava   MeSH
• otrava epidemiologie   MeSH
• veřejná politika * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• methanol MeSH

Background: Methanol poisoning is an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although it often occurs as smaller sporadic events, epidemic outbreaks are not uncommon due to the illicit manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.Objective: We aimed to define methanol poisoning outbreak (MPO), outline an approach to triaging an MPO, and define criteria for prioritizing antidotes, extracorporeal elimination treatments (i.e., dialysis), and indications for transferring patients in the context of an MPO.Methods: We convened a group of experts from across the world to explore geographical, socio-cultural and clinical considerations in the management of an MPO. The experts answered specific open-ended questions based on themes aligned to the goals of this project. This project used a modified Delphi process. The discussion continued until there was condensation of themes.Results: We defined MPO as a sudden increase in the number of cases of methanol poisoning during a short period of time above what is normally expected in the population in that specific geographic area. Prompt initiation of an antidote is necessary in MPOs. Scarce hemodialysis resources require triage to identify patients most likely to benefit from this treatment. The sickest patients should not be transferred unless the time for transfer is very short. Transporting extracorporeal treatment equipment and antidotes may be more efficient.Conclusion: We have developed consensus statements on the response to a methanol poisoning outbreak. These can be used in any country and will be most effective when they are discussed by health authorities and clinicians prior to an outbreak.

• Klíčová slova
• Methanol, outbreak, poisoning, strategy, treatment,
• MeSH
• alkoholické nápoje otrava   MeSH
• antidota aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dialýza ledvin metody   MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methanol otrava   MeSH
• otrava epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• třídění pacientů MeSH
• zakázané drogy otrava   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antidota MeSH
• methanol MeSH
• zakázané drogy MeSH

Although the risks of medication poisoning in children are often reported, there is a lack of studies addressing this issue. The majority of papers deal with a wide range of xenobiotics poisoning and, in particular, alcohol intoxications. All hospital admissions during three years were prospectively recorded. Patients younger than 19 years of age admitted for acute drug intoxications were further evaluated. A total of 15,069 children were admitted. Of them, 55 were hospitalized for acute medication poisoning. The condition was more common in girls (72.7 % vs. 27.3 %, p<0.01). Toddlers were the largest patient group (36.4 %). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were the most frequently used agents, with ibuprofen being the leading drug (20 % of all cases). The route of intoxication was almost exclusively oral. Solid drug forms were involved in 40 (72.7 %) cases. There was one fatal accidental poisoning. The highest occurrence of accidental drug intoxications was in the age group from one to three years. Attempted suicides were most frequent among adolescents. We are currently actively dealing with the issue. The cohort has been expanded to include a period of ten years and is being analyzed.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• léky na předpis otrava   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nežádoucí účinky léčiv epidemiologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• otrava epidemiologie   MeSH
• pokus o sebevraždu statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• zneužívání léčiv škodlivé účinky   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• léky na předpis MeSH

The purpose was to study the prevalence and predisposing factors of brain lesions in survivors of acute methanol poisoning. Clinical data on 106 patients with methanol poisoning were collected during the Czech mass poisoning outbreak. Of 83 survivors, in 46 (55%) patients, follow-up examinations including magnetic resonance imaging of brain (MR) were performed 3-8 and 24-28 months after discharge from the hospital. Of 46 patients with a median age of 49 (interquartile range, 35-57) years, 24 (52%) patients had a total of 40 abnormal brain findings with haemorrhagic lesions detected in 15 (33%) and non-haemorrhagic lesions found in 9 (19%) patients. The patients with haemorrhagic brain lesions were more acidemic (lower arterial blood pH, higher base deficit) and had higher glycaemia and lactacidaemia on admission than those without haemorrhages (all p < 0.05). Thirteen of 32 (41%) of patients with systemic anticoagulation and 2 of 14 (14%) of patients without it had haemorrhagic lesions (p = 0.080). Bleeding complications during the treatment occurred in 4 of 15 (27%) patients, and 5 of 15 (33%) patients had conditions predisposing to haemorrhage in the group with haemorrhagic lesions. In three cases with a series of computer tomography (CT)/MR performed during hospitalization, the necrotic lesions in the brain remained non-haemorrhagic during hospitalization and haemorrhagic lesions were detected on the follow-up MR examinations only. No association between brain haemorrhages and systemic anticoagulation during dialysis was found: brain haemorrhages might occur in severely poisoned patients treated without systemic anticoagulation, whereas treatment with high doses of heparin might not lead to brain haemorrhages.

• MeSH
• antikoagulancia terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• formiáty krev   MeSH
• heparin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hospitalizace MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• krvácení chemicky indukované   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• methanol krev   otrava   MeSH
• mozek účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nemoci mozku chemicky indukované   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• otrava farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antikoagulancia MeSH
• formiáty MeSH
• formic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• heparin MeSH
• methanol MeSH

CONTEXT: Visual disturbances due to the toxic effect of formic acid in acute methanol poisonings are generally transient. The subjective symptoms of visual toxicity may resolve within few weeks and fundoscopic signs of acute optic neuropathy subside within 1-2 months; therefore, the prevalence of long-term visual sequelae in the population of survivors of poisonings may be underestimated. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and character of long-term visual sequelae of acute methanol poisonings based on the data from the Czech mass methanol outbreak in 2012. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients with confirmed methanol poisoning were included in this longitudinal cross-sectional study, median age: 48 (range, 23-73) years. The following tests were performed: optical coherence tomography or OCT with evaluation of the retinal nerve fibers layer (RNFL), visual evoked potentials (VEP), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain, complete ocular examination (visual acuity/field, color vision, contrast sensitivity, and fundus), neurological examinations, and biochemical tests. RESULTS: Of 50 patients, 7/50 (14%) were discharged with diagnosed visual sequelae and 6/50 (12%) were discharged with both visual and central nervous system sequelae of poisoning. On the follow-up examination, 20/50 (40%) of the patients had long-term visual sequelae, with 8% of blindness. A total of 38% of the patients had abnormal (28% borderline) findings on RNFL, and 40% had abnormal (18% borderline) VEP. Among the patients discharged without detected visual sequelae, 8/37 (22%) had abnormal RNFL and VEP. Patients with visual sequelae had brain lesions more often (70% vs. 27%, p < 0.01). MRI identified optic nerve lesions in 2/20 cases with abnormal VEP only. The groups with and without visual sequelae differed in serum methanol, ethanol, HCO3-, formate, pH, anion gap, and base deficit (all p < 0.01). Visual disturbances on admission and coma were more prevalent in the patients with visual sequelae (p < 0.05). Patients with positive serum ethanol on admission were 93% less likely to have optical axonal damage (OR: 0.07 (95% CI: 0.01-0.8); p < 0.05). No association was found between visual sequelae and type of antidote administered, mode of hemodialysis, or folate substitution. Pre-hospital administration of ethanol seemed beneficial: these patients were 90% less likely to have abnormal RNFL findings (OR: 0.10 (95% CI: 0.02-0.52); p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The long-term visual sequelae were clearly underestimated on discharge, suggesting a significantly higher amount of patients with long-term sequelae than earlier reported. Thorough examinations before discharge and during follow-up will likely uncover a higher morbidity also after methanol poisonings in general.

• Klíčová slova
• acute methanol poisoning, health sequelae of poisoning, hospital treatment, long-term visual damage, treatment outcome,
• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• bazální ganglia účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• diagnostické techniky oftalmologické MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby * MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• methanol otrava   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• nervus opticus účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• obnova funkce MeSH
• ochranné faktory MeSH
• odds ratio MeSH
• otrava diagnóza   epidemiologie   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• poruchy zraku chemicky indukované   diagnóza   epidemiologie   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• retina účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• rozdělení chí kvadrát MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zrak účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• methanol MeSH