We explored the potential of a fungal strain Aspergillus costaricensis KS1 for modulating growth and nutrient mobilization in rice. At laboratory conditions, there was a decline in pH of the medium on inoculation with the strain and the production of citric acid was observed under broth conditions. Similarly, there was higher solubilization of tricalcium phosphate and siderophore production in liquid medium on inoculation with the strain. The effect of inoculation of KS1 was studied in rice and higher growth and yield were observed on inoculation compared to control. The content of phosphorus and iron in stem and roots of KS1 inoculated plants was higher in comparison with uninoculated control. There was also increased availability of phosphorus and iron content in soil grown with KS1 inoculated plants. In addition, inoculation with strain resulted in a higher content of volatile organic compounds such as linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and ethyl isoallocholate in stem of rice. A. costaricensis KS1 can be used for improving phosphorus and iron nutrition and impart tolerance against stresses in rice.

• Klíčová slova
• Aspergillus, Growth, Iron, Phosphorus, Rice, Volatile organic compounds,
• MeSH
• Aspergillus * metabolismus   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• fosfor * metabolismus   analýza   MeSH
• fosforečnany vápenaté metabolismus   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina citronová metabolismus   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
• rýže (rod) * mikrobiologie   metabolismus   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• siderofory * metabolismus   MeSH
• stonky rostlin mikrobiologie   metabolismus   chemie   MeSH
• těkavé organické sloučeniny * metabolismus   analýza   MeSH
• železo * metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fosfor * MeSH
• fosforečnany vápenaté MeSH
• kyselina citronová MeSH
• siderofory * MeSH
• těkavé organické sloučeniny * MeSH
• tricalcium phosphate MeSH Prohlížeč
• železo * MeSH

To better understand the long-term impact of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier on leaf physiology in 'Dodoens', a Dutch elm disease-tolerant hybrid, measurements of leaf area, leaf dry mass, petiole anatomy, petiole hydraulic conductivity, leaf and branch water potential, and branch sap flow were performed 3 years following an initial artificial inoculation. Although fungal hyphae were detected in fully expanded leaves, neither anatomical nor morphological traits were affected, indicating that there was no impact from the fungal hyphae on the leaves during leaf expansion. In contrast, however, infected trees showed both a lower transpiration rate of branches and a lower sap flow density. The long-term persistence of fungal hyphae inside vessels decreased the xylem hydraulic conductivity, but stomatal regulation of transpiration appeared to be unaffected as the leaf water potential in both infected and non-infected trees was similarly driven by the transpirational demands. Regardless of the fungal infection, leaves with a higher leaf mass per area ratio tended to have a higher leaf area-specific conductivity. Smaller leaves had an increased number of conduits with smaller diameters and thicker cell walls. Such a pattern could increase tolerance towards hydraulic dysfunction. Measurements of water potential and theoretical xylem conductivity revealed that petiole anatomy could predict the maximal transpiration rate. Three years following fungal inoculation, phenotypic expressions for the majority of the examined traits revealed a constitutive nature for their possible role in Dutch elm disease tolerance of 'Dodoens' trees.

• Klíčová slova
• Huber value, LMA, anatomy, petiole, potential transpiration, sap flow, water potential gradient,
• MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• hybridizace genetická MeSH
• kvantitativní znak dědičný * MeSH
• listy rostlin mikrobiologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Ophiostoma fyziologie   MeSH
• stonky rostlin mikrobiologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• transpirace rostlin fyziologie   MeSH
• Ulmus mikrobiologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• voda MeSH
• xylém mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• voda MeSH

The environment is a reservoir of nontuberculous mycobacteria and is considered a source of infection for animals and humans. Mycobacteria can persist in different types of environments for a relatively long time. We have studied their possible internalization into plant tissue through intact, as well as damaged, root systems of different types of plants grown in vitro and under field conditions. The substrate into which plants were seeded was previously contaminated with different strains of Mycobacterium avium (10(8) to 10(10) cells/g of soil) and feces from animals with paratuberculosis. We detected M. avium subsp. avium, hominissuis, and paratuberculosis in the stems and leaves of the plants by both culture and real-time quantitative PCR. The presence of mycobacteria in the plant tissues was confirmed by microscopy. The concentration of mycobacteria found inside plant tissue was several orders of magnitude lower (up to 10(4) cells/g of tissue) than the initial concentration of mycobacteria present in the culture medium or substrate. These findings led us to the hypothesis that plants may play a role in the spread and transmission of mycobacteria to other organisms in the environment.

• MeSH
• bakteriologické techniky MeSH
• endocytóza * MeSH
• kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• listy rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mikroskopie MeSH
• Mycobacterium genetika   růst a vývoj   fyziologie   MeSH
• rostliny mikrobiologie   MeSH
• stonky rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Phytopathogenic effect of Geosmithia pallida, G. langdonii, Ophiostoma grandicarpum, O. querci, two isolates of O. piceae, and two isolates of Fusarium solani was compared using plant growth test (stem and root length of garden cress plants seeded on mycelium-covered potato carrot agar); Ophiostoma spp. and F. solani were isolated from oak, Geosmithia spp. from galleries of Scolytus intricatus on beech. All fungi inhibited more the root elongation than that of stems. F. solani led to plant collapse after briefly stimulating the growth of stem and in one case also root. G. langdonii inhibited stem and root growth to 20% and led to plant collapse. G. pallida inhibited root growth to 25% whereas stem growth was almost unimpaired. Ophiostoma spp. reduced stem growth to approximately 60-80% and root growth to 25-60%. O. piceae and O. querci caused plant collapse after 15-20 d.

• MeSH
• Ascomycota izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• brouci mikrobiologie   MeSH
• dub (rod) mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin růst a vývoj   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• stonky rostlin růst a vývoj   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH