BACKGROUND: Cytokinin is a negative regulator of root growth, and a reduction of the cytokinin content or signalling causes the formation a larger root system in model plants, improves their growth under drought and nutrient limitation and causes increased accumulation of elements in the shoot. Roots are an important but understudied target of plant breeding. Here we have therefore explored whether root enhancement by lowering the cytokinin content can also be achieved in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants. RESULTS: Transgenic plants overexpressing the CKX2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana encoding a cytokinin-degrading cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase showed higher CKX activity and a strongly reduced cytokinin content. Cytokinin deficiency led to the formation of a larger root system under different growth conditions, which was mainly due to an increased number of lateral and adventitious roots. In contrast, shoot growth was comparable to wild type, which caused an enhanced root-to-shoot ratio. Transgenic plants accumulated in their leaves higher concentrations of macro- and microelements including P, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu, Mo and Mn. They formed more chlorophyll under Mg- and S-deficiency and accumulated a larger amount of Cd and Zn from contaminated medium and soil. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate the usefulness of ectopic CKX gene expression to achieve root enhancement in oilseed rape and underpin the functional relevance of a larger root system. Furthermore, the lack of major developmental consequences on shoot growth in cytokinin-deficient oilseed rape indicates species-specific differences of CKX gene and/or cytokinin action.

• Klíčová slova
• Brassica napus, Cytokinin, Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase, Leaf mineral enrichment, Phytoremediation, Plant growth, Root enhancement,
• MeSH
• biodegradace * MeSH
• Brassica napus genetika   růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• chlorofyl analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• cytokininy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• geneticky modifikované rostliny MeSH
• kadmium analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• oxidoreduktasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• zinek analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• živiny analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chlorofyl MeSH
• cytokinin oxidase MeSH Prohlížeč
• cytokininy MeSH
• kadmium MeSH
• oxidoreduktasy MeSH
• půda MeSH
• zinek MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• CARTILAGE/diseases *, GROWTH *,
• MeSH
• biologické jevy * MeSH
• chrupavka * MeSH
• fyziologické jevy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci chrupavky * MeSH
• poruchy růstu * MeSH
• růst * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• BONE DISEASES *, BURNS *, COLD *, FROSTBITE *, GROWTH *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci kostí * MeSH
• nízká teplota * MeSH
• omrzliny * MeSH
• popálení * MeSH
• poruchy růstu * MeSH
• růst * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic performance of urinary and plasma levels of placental growth factor (PLGF) and provide their comparison with the results of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in patients with primary and recurrent urinary bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess urinary and plasma concentrations of PLGF and VEGF-A in 240 individuals. RESULTS: PLGF levels in urine and plasma were significantly higher in patients with primary bladder cancer than in healthy individuals (p=0.003, p=0.005, respectively). Area under the curve (AUC) of urinary PLGF was 0.68; AUC of plasma PLGF levels was 0.65. Patients with the urine levels of PLGF higher than 82.33 pg/ml had three times higher risk of recurrence. In patients with recurrent bladder cancer, the urinary concentrations of PLGF did not significantly differ from the concentrations in patients without current disease (p=0.61). However, plasma PLGF levels were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with tumor recurrence (p=0.001); AUC of plasma PLGF levels was 0.69. Moreover, patients with plasma levels higher than 10.09 pg/ml had a five-times higher risk of future tumor recurrence. The diagnostic accuracy of PLGF was comparable with VEGF-A. CONCLUSION: From a clinical point of view, PLGF could be considered a valid diagnostic test for the detection of primary and recurrent bladder cancer. In patients with recurrent bladder cancer, plasma PLGF levels can differentiate individuals at risk of tumor recurrence.

• Klíčová slova
• Bladder cancer, ELISA, PLGF, VEGF-A, biomarker, non-invasive detection, placental growth factor, prognosis, vascular endothelial growth factor A,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru krev   diagnóza   moč   MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * krev   diagnóza   moč   MeSH
• placentární růstový faktor * krev   moč   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A * krev   moč   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• placentární růstový faktor * MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A * MeSH
• VEGFA protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč

• Klíčová slova
• GROWTH *, POLIOMYELITIS/complications *,
• MeSH
• biologické jevy * MeSH
• fyziologické jevy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poliomyelitida komplikace   MeSH
• růst * MeSH
• vývoj kostí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• elektroforéza MeSH
• inhibitory růstu analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proteiny vázající insulinu podobné růstové faktory MeSH
• radioimunoanalýza MeSH
• transportní proteiny analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inhibitory růstu MeSH
• proteiny vázající insulinu podobné růstové faktory MeSH
• transportní proteiny MeSH

INTRODUCTION: HGF (Hepatocyte Growth Factor), TGFbeta1 (Transforming Growth Factor beta1) and IGF-I (Insulin Like Growth Factor I) are cytokines that are involved in the parathyroid tumors formation and growth. We tried to determine, if there are changes and relationships in the production of these cytokines by tumor cells of parathyroid tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We determined concentrations of HGF, TGFbeta1 and IGF-I in serum from peripheral blood of 16 patients with parathyroid adenoma and of 8 patients with parathyroid secondary hyperplasia before and after parathyroidectomy. Results were compared with serum levels in healthy people. RESULTS: Both preoperative and postoperative HGF serum levels in patients with parathyroid adenoma and secondary hyperplasia are significantly higher than in healthy people. Preoperative and postoperative serum levels of TGFbeta1 in parathyroid adenoma and postoperative TGFb1 serum levels in parathyroid secondary hyperplasia are higher, compared with those in the healthy population and in parathyroid secondary hyperplasia preoperatively. There are no significant differences of IGF-I serum levels among the all investigated groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the growth factors production by parathyroid tumor cells are reflected by their concentrations in peripheral blood. The elevation of HGF serum levels in patients with parathyroid adenoma and hyperplasia can be explained by very high HGF production by tumor cells. Nevertheless, there is no decrease of HGF serum levels after the parathyroidectomy. That may be the result of the extratumoral production of this cytokine. Also TGFbeta1 and IGF-I serum levels indicate high possibility of the extratumoral production of these cytokines. Higher postoperative IGF-I serum levels (but not significantly) in parathyroid secondary hyperplasia are in accordance with its bone production.

• MeSH
• adenom metabolismus   chirurgie   MeSH
• cytokiny krev   MeSH
• hepatocytární růstový faktor krev   MeSH
• hyperplazie MeSH
• insulinu podobný růstový faktor I analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory příštítného tělíska metabolismus   chirurgie   MeSH
• paratyreoidea metabolismus   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• transformující růstový faktor beta krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky kontrolované MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH
• hepatocytární růstový faktor MeSH
• insulinu podobný růstový faktor I MeSH
• transformující růstový faktor beta MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• GROWTH SUBSTANCES *, LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES/culture *, VITAMIN B 6/pharmacology *,
• MeSH
• Listeria monocytogenes etnologie   MeSH
• mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny * MeSH
• pyridoxin * MeSH
• růstové látky * MeSH
• vitamin B6 farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mezibuněčné signální peptidy a proteiny * MeSH
• pyridoxin * MeSH
• růstové látky * MeSH
• vitamin B6 MeSH

The effects of insulin and hydrocortisone on growth of hybridomas in serum-free medium were studied. The optimum growth-stimulating concentration of insulin was 10 micrograms/ml. Omission of insulin resulted in substantially decreased growth (23-53% of the cells growing 3 days with insulin). The optimum growth-supporting concentration of hydrocortisone was 2 ng/ml. Hybridoma cells growing 3 days without hydrocortisone represented about 80% of the cells growing with hydrocortisone. Hormones testosterone, triiodothyronine, and prostaglandin F2 alpha as well as growth factors EGF and FGF had no growth-supporting effect.

• MeSH
• buněčné dělení účinky léků   MeSH
• dinoprost farmakologie   MeSH
• epidermální růstový faktor farmakologie   MeSH
• fibroblastové růstové faktory farmakologie   MeSH
• hybridomy cytologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• hydrokortison farmakologie   MeSH
• inzulin farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• růstové látky farmakologie   MeSH
• testosteron farmakologie   MeSH
• trijodthyronin farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dinoprost MeSH
• epidermální růstový faktor MeSH
• fibroblastové růstové faktory MeSH
• hydrokortison MeSH
• inzulin MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• růstové látky MeSH
• testosteron MeSH
• trijodthyronin MeSH

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of bovine growth hormone (bGH) on body growth of suckling lambs. Suckling Merino lambs (fed on milk replacer from 4th day of life) were daily injected from 10th to 38th day of life with 80 micrograms bGH/kg b.w. Only insignificant increase of body weight was observed after 4 weeks of GH treatment. After 31st day of life body weight gain in the experimental lambs was significantly higher. It can be concluded that bGH increases body weight gain of lambs in 2nd month of life. It is probable that growth rate of sucklings is limited only by biological and biochemical capabilities of the organism and it can be hardly influenced by exogenous hormonal manipulation.

• MeSH
• kojená zvířata metabolismus   MeSH
• ovce růst a vývoj   MeSH
• růstový hormon farmakologie   MeSH
• skot MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• růstový hormon MeSH