Escherichia coli strains are classified into four main phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2, and D) and strains of these phylogroups differ in a number of characteristics. This study tested whether human fecal E. coli isolates belonging to different phylogroups differ in prevalence of bacteriocinogenic isolates and prevalence of individual bacteriocinogenic determinants. A set of 1283 fecal E. coli isolates from patients with different diseases was tested for the presence of DNA regions allowing classification into E. coli phylogroups and for the ability to produce bacteriocins (23 colicins and 7 microcins). Of the isolates tested, the most common was phylogroup B2 (38.3%) followed by phylogroups A (28.3%), D (26.3%) and B1 (7.2%). Altogether, 695 bacteriocin producers were identified representing 54.2% of all tested isolates. The highest prevalence of bacteriocin producers was found in group B2 (60.3%) and the lowest in group B1 (44.6%). Determinants encoding colicins E1, Ia, and microcin mV were most common in phylogroup A, determinants encoding microcins mM and mH47 were most common in phylogroup B2, and determinant encoding mB17 was most common in phylogroup D. The highest prevalence of bacteriocinogeny was found in phylogroup B2, suggesting that bacteriocinogeny and especially the synthesis of microcins was associated with virulent and resident E. coli strains.

• Klíčová slova
• Bacteriocin, E. coli, colicin, microcin, phylogroup.,
• MeSH
• bakteriociny metabolismus   MeSH
• Escherichia coli klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   patogenita   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• gastrointestinální trakt mikrobiologie   MeSH
• koliciny metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriociny MeSH
• koliciny MeSH
• microcin MeSH Prohlížeč

BACKGROUND: To screen whether E. coli strains encoding type 1 fimbriae, isolated from fecal microflora, produce bacteriocins more often relative to fimA-negative E. coli strains of similar origin. METHODS: PCR assays were used to detect presence of genes encoding 30 bacteriocin determinants (23 colicin- and 7 microcin-encoding genes) and 18 virulence determinants in 579 E. coli strains of human and animal origin isolated from hospitals and animal facilities in the Czech and Slovak Republic. E. coli strains were also classified into phylogroups (A, B1, B2 and D). RESULTS: fimA-negative E. coli strains (defined as those possessing none of the 18 tested virulence determinants) were compared to fimA-positive E. coli strains (possessing fimA as the only detected virulence determinant). Strains with identified bacteriocin genes were more commonly found among fimA-positive E. coli strains (35.6%) compared to fimA-negative E. coli strains (21.9%, p<0.01) and this was true for both colicin and microcin determinants (p=0.02 and p<0.01, respectively). In addition, an increased number of strains encoding colicin E1 were found among fimA-positive E. coli strains (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: fimA-positive E. coli strains produced bacteriocins (colicins and microcins) more often compared to fimA-negative strains of similar origin. Since type 1 fimbriae of E. coli have been shown to mediate adhesion to epithelial host cells and help colonize the intestines, bacteriocin synthesis appears to be an additional feature of colonizing E. coli strains.

• MeSH
• bakteriální fimbrie genetika   MeSH
• bakteriociny genetika   MeSH
• DNA bakterií genetika   MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriociny MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer worldwide and the Czech Republic has the 6th highest incidence of CRC worldwide. Large intestinal microbiota play in its etiopathogenesis important role. Bacteriocins are proteins, produced by bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The aim of our prospective study was to assess the colonization of large intestinal mucosa by Escherichia coli strains and to investigate their bacteriocin production. METHODS: A total of 30 consecutive patients with colorectal adenoma, CRA (17 men, 13 women, aged 39-79, mean age 63 ± 9), 30 patients with CRC (23 men, 7 women, aged 38-86, mean age 67 ± 11) and 20 healthy controls (9 men, 11 women, age 23-84, mean age 55 ± 15) were enrolled into prospective study. Mucosal biopsies were taken in the caecum, transverse colon and rectum during pancolonoscopy. Microbiological culture, isolation and identification of bacteria followed. Bacteriocin production was assessed by growth inhibition of indicator strains E. coli K12-Row, E. coli C6 (phi), and Shigella sonnei 17. Identification of bacteriocin-encoding determinants and E. coli phylogroups was performed using PCR methods. RESULTS: A total of 622 strains were isolated and further investigated. A significantly higher frequency of simultaneous production of colicins and microcins was revealed in the group of patients with CRC, when compared to patients with CRA, p = 0.031. A significantly higher frequency of E. coli phylogroup D was found in patients with CRC, when compared to controls, p = 0.044. A significantly higher prevalence of bacteriocinogeny was confirmed in patients with advanced adenoma when compared to patients with non-advanced adenoma, p = 0.010. Increasing bacteriocinogeny was associated with an increasing stage of CRC (assessed according to TNM classification). Either E. coli phylogroup B2 or E. coli phylogroup D were isolated in biopsies of patients with right-sided CRC. A statistically higher incidence of E. coli phylogroup B2 was found in patients with right-sided CRC when compared to patients with left-sided CRC, p = 0.028. CONCLUSIONS: Large intestinal mucosa of patients with more advanced colorectal neoplasia is colonized with more virulent strains of E. coli and higher production of bacteriocins is observed in these patients when compared to those with less advanced colorectal neoplasia.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• adenom mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• bakteriociny metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Escherichia coli izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• koliciny metabolismus   MeSH
• kolon mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kolorektální nádory mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriociny MeSH
• koliciny MeSH
• microcin MeSH Prohlížeč

BACKGROUND: A set of 1181 E. coli strains of human fecal origin isolated in the South Moravia region of the Czech Republic was collected during the years 2007-2010. Altogether, 17 virulence determinants and 31 bacteriocin-encoding genes were tested in each of them. RESULTS: The occurrence of bacteriocin-encoding genes was found to be positively correlated with the occurrence of E. coli virulence factors. Based on the presence of virulence factors and their combinations, E. coli strains were classified as non-pathogenic E. coli (n = 399), diarrhea-associated E. coli (n = 179) and ExPEC strains (n = 603). Non-pathogenic and diarrhea-associated E. coli strains had a low frequency of bacteriocinogeny (32.6% and 36.9%, respectively). ExPEC strains encoding S-fimbriae (sfa), P-fimbriae (pap) and having genes for aerobactin biosynthesis (aer, iucC), α-hemolysis (α-hly) and cytotoxic necrosis factor (cnf1) were often bacteriocinogenic (73.8%), had a high prevalence of bacteriocin multi-producers and showed a higher frequency of genes encoding microcins H47, M, V, B17 and colicins E1, Ia and S4. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of bacteriocin-encoding genes and ExPEC virulence determinants correlate positively in E. coli strains of human fecal origin. Bacteriocin synthesis appears to modulate the ability of E. coli strains to reside in the human intestine and/or the virulence of the corresponding strains.

• MeSH
• bakteriální geny * MeSH
• bakteriociny genetika   MeSH
• DNA bakterií chemie   genetika   MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriociny MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH

A novel colicin type, designated colicin Fy, was found to be encoded and produced by the strain Yersinia frederiksenii Y27601. Colicin Fy was active against both pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of the genus Yersinia. Plasmid YF27601 (5,574 bp) of Y. frederiksenii Y27601 was completely sequenced. The colicin Fy activity gene (cfyA) and the colicin Fy immunity gene (cfyI) were identified. The deduced amino acid sequence of colicin Fy was very similar in its C-terminal pore-forming domain to colicin Ib (69% identity in the last 178 amino acid residues), indicating pore forming as its lethal mode of action. Transposon mutagenesis of the colicin Fy-susceptible strain Yersinia kristensenii Y276 revealed the yiuR gene (ykris001_4440), which encodes the YiuR outer membrane protein with unknown function, as the colicin Fy receptor molecule. Introduction of the yiuR gene into the colicin Fy-resistant strain Y. kristensenii Y104 restored its susceptibility to colicin Fy. In contrast, the colicin Fy-resistant strain Escherichia coli TOP10F' acquired susceptibility to colicin Fy only when both the yiuR and tonB genes from Y. kristensenii Y276 were introduced. Similarities between colicins Fy and Ib, similarities between the Cir and YiuR receptors, and the detected partial cross-immunity of colicin Fy and colicin Ib producers suggest a common evolutionary origin of the colicin Fy-YiuR and colicin Ib-Cir systems.

• MeSH
• bakteriální chromozomy genetika   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• buněčná membrána fyziologie   MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• klonování DNA MeSH
• koliciny metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• membránové proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• plazmidy genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií fyziologie   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• Yersinia účinky léků   genetika   metabolismus   patogenita   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• koliciny MeSH
• membránové proteiny MeSH
• tonB protein, Bacteria MeSH Prohlížeč

AIM: To evaluate bacteriocinogeny in short-term high-dose indomethacin administration with or without probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in experimental pigs. METHODS: Twenty-four pigs entered the study: Group A (controls), Group B (probiotics alone), Group C (indomethacin alone) and Group D (probiotics and indomethacin). EcN (3.5×10(10) bacteria/d for 14 d) and/or indomethacin (15 mg/kg per day for 10 d) were administrated orally. Anal smears before and smears from the small and large intestine were taken from all animals. Bacteriocin production was determined with 6 different indicator strains; all strains were polymerase chain reaction tested for the presence of 29 individual bacteriocin-encoding determinants. RESULTS: The general microbiota profile was rather uniform in all animals but there was a broad diversity in coliform bacteria (parallel genotypes A, B1, B2 and D found). In total, 637 bacterial strains were tested, mostly Escherichia coli (E. coli). There was a higher incidence of non-E. coli strains among samples taken from the jejunum and ileum compared to that of the colon and rectum indicating predominance of E. coli strains in the large intestine. Bacteriocinogeny was found in 24/77 (31%) before and in 155/560 (28%) isolated bacteria at the end of the study. Altogether, 13 individual bacteriocin types (out of 29 tested) were identified among investigated strains. Incidence of four E. coli genotypes was equally distributed in all groups of E. coli strains, with majority of genotype A (ranging from 81% to 88%). The following types of bacteriocins were most commonly revealed: colicins Ia/Ib (44%), microcin V (18%), colicin E1 (16%) and microcin H47 (6%). There was a difference in bacteriocinogeny between control group A (52/149, 35%) and groups with treatment at the end of the study: B: 31/122 (25%, P=0.120); C: 43/155 (28%, P=0.222); D: 29/134 (22%, P=0.020). There was a significantly lower prevalence of colicin Ib, microcins H47 and V (probiotics group, P<0.001), colicin E1 and microcin H47 (indomethacin group, P<0.001) and microcins H47 and V (probiotics and indomethacin group, P=0.025) compared to controls. Escherichia fergusonii (E. fergusonii) was identified in 6 animals (6/11 isolates from the rectum). One strain was non-colicinogenic, while all other strains of E. fergusonii solely produced colicin E1. All animals started and remained methanogenic despite the fact that EcN is a substantial hydrogen producer. There was an increase in breath methane (after the treatment) in 5/6 pigs from the indomethacin group (C). CONCLUSION: EcN did not exert long-term liveability in the porcine intestine. All experimental pigs remained methanogenic. Indomethacin and EcN administered together might produce the worst impact on bacteriocinogeny.

• Klíčová slova
• Bacteriocinogeny, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, Experimental pigs, Indomethacin,
• MeSH
• antiflogistika nesteroidní škodlivé účinky   farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriociny metabolismus   MeSH
• dechové testy MeSH
• Escherichia coli metabolismus   MeSH
• indomethacin škodlivé účinky   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metagenom MeSH
• methan metabolismus   MeSH
• probiotika farmakologie   MeSH
• střevní sliznice účinky léků   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Sus scrofa MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antiflogistika nesteroidní MeSH
• bakteriociny MeSH
• indomethacin MeSH
• methan MeSH

BACKGROUND: Bacteriocin production is an important characteristic of E. coli strains of human origin. To date, 26 colicin and 9 microcin types have been analyzed on a molecular level allowing molecular detection of the corresponding genes. The production incidence of 29 bacteriocin types and E. coli phylogroups were tested in a set of 361 E. coli strains isolated from human urinary tract infections (UTI) and in 411 control strains isolated from feces of patients without bacterial gut infection. RESULTS: Production of 17 and 20 individual bacteriocin types was found in the UTI and control strains, respectively. Microcin H47 encoding determinants were found more often among UTI strains compared to controls (37.9% and 27.0% respectively, p = 0.02) and strains producing microcin H47 belonged predominantly to phylogroup B2 when compared to other bacteriocin producers (67.4% and 36.7%, respectively; p < 0.0001). Producers of 3 or more identified bacteriocin types were more common in the UTI group (20.0% compared to 12.4% in controls, p = 0.03). In the UTI strains, there was a markedly higher number of those producing colicin E1 compared to controls (22.1% to 10.2%, respectively, p = 0.0008). Moreover, colicin E1 production was more common in the UTI bacteriocinogenic strains with multi-producer capabilities. As shown by Southern blotting, pColE1 DNA was not recognized by the ColIa probe and vice versa suggesting that pColE1 was independently associated with pColIa in UTI strains. CONCLUSION: E. coli strains isolated from human urinary tract infections showed increased incidence of microcin H47 and colicin E1 production, respectively. Moreover, colicin E1 itself appears to be a potentially important virulence factor of certain uropathogenic E. coli strains.

• MeSH
• bakteriociny biosyntéza   genetika   MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• infekce močového ústrojí mikrobiologie   MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli mikrobiologie   MeSH
• koliciny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• uropatogenní Escherichia coli genetika   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriociny MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH
• koliciny MeSH

The current incidence of Escherichia coli strains in healthy humans capable of producing the inhibitory exoproducts, such as temperate bacteriophages, corpuscular or HMW (high-molar mass) and proteinaceous or LMW (low-molar mass) colicins and siderophores was determined. Fifty-three E. coli strains were collected from the colons of 53 healthy human volunteers in Brno (Czechia) and tested for spontaneous and induced production of inhibitory exoproducts in a cross-test against each other. Of the strains tested, 37.7% produced bacteriophages, 41.5% produced from one to several LMW colicins, 11.3% formed HMW colicins and 15.1% (eight strains) produced exocellular siderophores different from enterochelin. Of these, seven strains formed aerobactin and one strain formed an untyped siderophore. E. coli strains differ greatly in the incidence of colicinogeny and lysogeny from its closest systemic relatives in the genus Escherichia and therefore should not be regarded as a model bacterium in this respect.

• MeSH
• antibióza fyziologie   MeSH
• bakteriofágy metabolismus   MeSH
• Escherichia coli metabolismus   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• koliciny metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• kolon mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lyzogenie fyziologie   MeSH
• siderofory metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• koliciny MeSH
• siderofory MeSH