Enterococci isolated from 28 different commercially available feeds (10-1000 CFU/mL) were identified and their probiotic potential was determined. Species identification of 22 selected strains was performed by intergenic length-polymorphism analysis (tRNA-PCR); PCR products were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis. Six strains were allotted to the species Enterococcus faecium, four to E. faecalis, one to E. hirae; the remaining strains were not classed. The strains were sensitive to vancomycin, ampicillin, tetracycline and rifampicin. They were able to adhere to human as well as canine intestinal mucus. They produced lactic acid (0.99-1.04 mmol/L) and most of them were urease-positive with sufficient survival in 5 % Oxgall-bile. They did not show any inhibitory activity due to antimicrobial substances. Plasmid DNA was detected in 8 strains, the bands responding to small molecular size (10 kbp). Considering all probiotically important properties, E. faecium strain EE3 was suggested as potential feed additive.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Bacterial Proteins metabolism   MeSH
• Enterococcus chemistry   drug effects   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Animal Feed microbiology   MeSH
• Lactic Acid metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Probiotics chemistry   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Dogs MeSH
• Intestines microbiology   MeSH
• Urease metabolism   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Dogs MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Bacterial Proteins MeSH
• Lactic Acid MeSH
• Urease MeSH

Twelve lactobacilli isolates from mucosa of 3-5-week-old weaned pigs were found to exert good antimicrobial activity against common porcine pathogens (S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, C. perfringens). Two of them produced in addition to lactic acid also considerable amounts of acetic acid, and 6 of them produced hydrogen peroxide and metabolites other than organic acids. Isolates 4/26 and 2/25 (identified as L. crispatus or L. amylovorus) were inhibitory against most strains of S. aureus, B. cereus and E. coli, and especially the strain 4/26 survived well in simulated gastric and intestinal juice. Diarrhea-causing E. coli O8K88H9 Ent(+) was successfully inhibited by the growing culture as well as by the catalase-treated and neutralized supernatant of L. reuteri 12/26. Mucin degradation and multiple resistance to antibiotics were not observed.

• MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Microbial MeSH
• Bacillus cereus drug effects   MeSH
• Clostridium perfringens drug effects   MeSH
• Escherichia coli drug effects   MeSH
• Feces microbiology   MeSH
• Ileum microbiology   MeSH
• Culture Media, Conditioned pharmacology   MeSH
• Culture Media chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Lactic Acid pharmacology   MeSH
• Lactobacillus drug effects   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Mucins metabolism   MeSH
• Swine Diseases prevention & control   MeSH
• Weaning MeSH
• Hydrogen Peroxide metabolism   MeSH
• Immunity, Innate MeSH
• Probiotics MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus drug effects   MeSH
• Intestinal Mucosa microbiology   MeSH
• Sus scrofa microbiology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Culture Media, Conditioned MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Lactic Acid MeSH
• Mucins MeSH
• Hydrogen Peroxide MeSH

Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans strain Mz5(T), an anaerobic bacterium (originating from the rumen of a Holstein-Friesian cow), has some attributes that make it a possible probiotic strain (very active hydrolases, bacteriocin and conjugated linoleic acid production). For the estimation of its adhesion ability, the adhesion test on Caco-2 cells was introduced and adapted. The adhesion was performed in an anaerobic glove box in standard 24-well plates at neutral pH for 30 min. The best method for separation of the adhered bacteria from Caco-2 cells appeared to be homogenization with an automatic pipette. The number of adhered bacteria was too small to be determined microscopically, so a new approach, i.e. detection of the apparent lag phase in liquid growth medium was tested. Under the selected assay conditions 1.04 bacterial cells from the late exponential phase adhered to one Caco-2 cell, which confirms the adhesion capability of P. xylanivorans Mz5(T). The adapted adhesion test using Caco-2 cells is suitable for estimation of adhesion capability of anaerobic bacteria.

• MeSH
• Bacterial Adhesion physiology   MeSH
• Cell Culture Techniques MeSH
• Butyrivibrio cytology   metabolism   MeSH
• Caco-2 Cells microbiology   MeSH
• Oxygen metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Probiotics MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Oxygen MeSH

The occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in rabbit feces, cecum and meat and its enterotoxin production, susceptibility to antibiotics and its sensitivity or resistance to bacteriocins produced by enterococci with probiotic properties were determined. Isolates were resistant to ampicillin, penicillin, phosphomycin and methicillin; a high percentage of susceptibility was also recorded to vancomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and tobramycin. S. aureus isolates did not produce enterotoxins and were sensitive to partially purified enterocins (PPB) EK13, AL41 and EF2019 in the range of 100 to 12800 AU/mL; all S. aureus isolates, except the strain SA 2A/3, exhibited the highest sensitivity to PPB EK13. On the other hand, all strains were resistant to PPB CCM4231.

• MeSH
• Bacteriocins metabolism   MeSH
• Cecum microbiology   MeSH
• Feces microbiology   MeSH
• Animals, Domestic microbiology   MeSH
• Rabbits MeSH
• Meat microbiology   MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial * MeSH
• Bridged-Ring Compounds metabolism   MeSH
• Methicillin Resistance * MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus drug effects   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rabbits MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Bacteriocins MeSH
• enterocin MeSH Browser
• Bridged-Ring Compounds MeSH

Antibiotic susceptibility or resistance, urease activity, detection of the structural genes for bacteriocin production, bacteriocin activity as well as sensitivity of the isolates to enterocins (Ent) A and M were determined in 23 isolates of new species Enterococcus haemoperoxidus and E. moraviensis. The majority of the strains were antibiotic sensitive and exhibited low urease activity (< 10 nkat/mL). The most frequently detected genes for Ent were entA and entP. However, only the strain 466 of E. haemoperoxidus produced an antibacterial substance with inhibitory activity against 21 G+ indicators. It was partially purified reaching an activity of up to 12 800 AU/mL. This bacteriocin active strain also possessed the genes for EntA and EntP. The other strains did not inhibit the indicator strains. The substance produced by the 466 strain was active even after a 5-months storage at +4 and -20 degrees C. This substance has proteolytic and hydrophilic character, pH optimum of bacteriocin production by this strain being between 4 and 7. While E. moraviensis strains showed sensitivity to EntA (produced by E. faecium EK13) and to EntM (produced by E. faecium AL41), E. haemoperoxidus strains were sensitive to EntA (except strain 382) but less sensitive to the treatment by EntM.

• MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial * MeSH
• Bacteriocins genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Enterococcus drug effects   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Water Microbiology MeSH
• Fresh Water microbiology   MeSH
• Urease metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Bacteriocins MeSH
• Urease MeSH

Three hundred and ten enterococcal isolates (178 Enterococcus faecium, 68 E. durans, 49 E. faecalis, 8 E. italicus, 3 E. gallinarum, 3 E. casseliflavus, and 1 E. hirae) from Slovak Bryndza cheese were evaluated for susceptibility to nine antimicrobial agents (vancomycin, teicoplanin, ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, rifampicin, nitrofurantoin, and ciprofloxacin). All enterococcal isolates from Bryndza cheese were susceptible to ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin as determined by the disk diffusion method. Vancomycin resistance genes vanA and vanB were not detected. Resistance rates of enterococcal isolates to rifampicin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin were 24, 26, 2, and 1 %, respectively. Thirty-six % of E. faecium isolates and 22 % of the E. faecalis isolates were resistant to erythromycin. Resistance to rifampicin was similar in E. faecium (31 %) and E. faecalis (29 %). Both E. faecium and E. faecalis strains showed the same resistance to ciprofloxacin (2 %). E. durans isolates showed low levels of resistance to rifampicin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin (1-4 %). Forty-eight (30 %) of the E. faecium isolates, two (3 %) of the E. durans isolates, and six (12 %) of the E. faecalis isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. The highest frequency of resistant enterococci was observed in Bryndza produced in winter season.

• MeSH
• Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology   MeSH
• Enterococcus classification   drug effects   isolation & purification   MeSH
• Drug Resistance MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Food Microbiology * MeSH
• Seasons MeSH
• Cheese microbiology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Infective Agents MeSH