Bacillus anthracis is a causative agent of the highly mortal disease anthrax. This zoonosis is present in nature, but it is also considered one of the most powerful biological warfare agents. A timely diagnosis is necessary for proper therapy and setting of epidemiological countermeasures. Current diagnostic methods should be used in specialized laboratories or medical facilities because there are only a limited number of methods suitable as hand-held assays or even point-of-care tests for detecting B. anthracis or anthrax diagnosis. The lateral flow tests are an exception in this regard, but these tests also have some limitations. Significant progress has been achieved in point-of-care tests for B. anthracis detection and anthrax diagnosis in various biosensors and bioassays. This review focuses on current hand-held and point-of-care tests that can easily prove anthrax or its causative agent outside the context of specialized facilities.

• Klíčová slova
• Aptamer, Bacillus anthracis, bioanalysis, biological warfare agent, biological weapon, chemosensor, field test, hand-held assay, infection.,
• MeSH
• antrax * diagnóza   MeSH
• Bacillus anthracis * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• biosenzitivní techniky * metody   MeSH
• biotest * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vyšetření u lůžka MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

An immunosensor for the assay of toxic biological warfare agents is a biosensor suitable for detecting hazardous substances such as aflatoxin, botulinum toxin, ricin, Shiga toxin, and others. The application of immunosensors is used in outdoor assays, point-of-care tests, as a spare method for more expensive devices, and even in the laboratory as a standard analytical method. Some immunosensors, such as automated flow-through analyzers or lateral flow tests, have been successfully commercialized as tools for toxins assay, but the research is ongoing. New devices are being developed, and the use of advanced materials and assay techniques make immunosensors highly competitive analytical devices in the field of toxic biological warfare agents assay. This review summarizes facts about current applications and new trends of immunosensors regarding recent papers in this area.

• Klíčová slova
• Anthrax toxin, Shiga toxin, biosensor, botulinum toxin, cyanotoxin, immunoassay, ricin,
• MeSH
• biologické bojové látky * MeSH
• biosenzitivní techniky * přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• imunoanalýza * přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické bojové látky * MeSH